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sk;eTvraCeqøIyfa bBiRtelakm©asd¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNa

CaGñkedIrpøÚvq¶ay ( CaGñkdMeNIr ) .

f¿ mñal«ásk GñkeTATINa ?

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNaeTAkanRkúg

savtSI .

f¿ eTAcu¼ GñkmanGayu .

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´nimnþeTAkanTI

NaEdr ?

f¿ GatμaPaBk¾nimnþeTAkanTIena¼Edr .

-38- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

s¿ ebIdUecña¼ eyIgTaMgLayeTACamYyKñacu¼elakm©as´ .

f¿ GatμaPaBCamnusßTuBVlPaB/ karyWtyUrnwgmandl´

Gñk EdleTACamYynwgGatμaPaB .

s¿ kic©Rbjab´rbs´¹RB¼kruNaminmaneT RbsinebI¹

RB¼kruNaáneFVIdMeNIreTACamYyelakm©as´ena¼ ¹RB¼kruNa

nwgánnUvbuBaØkiriyavtSú 10 Rbkar RbkarNanImYyminxan/

sUmelakm©as´eTACamYynwg¹RB¼kruNacu¼ .

RB¼efr£Kitfa ²nu+¼nwgCasb,úrs³ eTIbeBalfa ²ebIdUecña¼

«áskcUrcab´cugeQIRctrbs´GatμaPaBcu¼ ³ .

sk;eTvraCnaMRB¼efr£eTAdlvtþeCtBn

sk;eTvraC RTgeFVIy¨agena¼ehIy bMRBÜjEpndI[dl´

vtþeCtBn kñúgevlaresol .

RB¼efr£án|sUrsMeLgt®nþI mans&gç nigrnat CaedIm

ehIysYrfa ²sMeLghñwgenATINa ³ ?

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -39-

s¿ RkúgsavtSI elakm©as´ .

f¿ kñúgevlaeTA GatμaPaBeTAGs´evlayUrNas´ .

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´ ¹RB¼kruNas:al´pøÚvkat .

kñúgxN£ena¼ RB¼efr£dwgánfa ²Gñken¼minEmnmnusß

RákdCaeTvta³ .

( ehtuena¼RB¼bUraNacarüTaMgLay eTIbeBalfa )

²sk;eTvraC EdlCaesþcéneTvta RTRTg´sirIrbs´eTvraC

esþcbMRbÜjpøÚvmkdl´RkúgsavtISy¨agqab´rh&s³ .

sk;eTvraCnaMRB¼efr£eTAkanbNÑsala Edlkudum<Ik_Ca

bðÚnRbúseFVIedIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´RB¼efr£ena¼Ég nimnþ[KgelI

bnÞ¼kþar ehIynim μitxøÜnCasmøajrbs´culø£ ehIyeTAkan´smñak´

énkudum<Ik_culøál ERskehAfa ²En+ ál£smøaj³ .

kudum<Ik_culøálERsksYrfa ( sðI ? smøaj )

sk;¿ elakándwgfa RB¼efr£mkehIy¦ ?

-40- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

culø£¿ ¹minTandwgeT/ k¾RB¼efr£mkehIy¦ ?

sk;eTvraCRtas´fa ²eGI smøaj ¹eTAkanvihareXIj

RB¼efr£KgenAkñúgbNÑsala EdlelakeFVITuksRmab´RB¼efr£

Gm,ajmijen¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ehIy esþck¾eKcecjeTA .

cMENkkudum<Ik_eTAdl´vihar eXIjRB¼efr£eehIy ERsk

yMbRm¼nenolenAeTobáTmUlrbs´RB¼efr£ eBalfa ²elak

m©as´d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼kruNaeXIjehtuen¼ehIy eTIbminRBm[

elakm©as´bYs³ dUecña¼CaedIm ehIyeFVIekμgTas£BIrnak[Ca

GñkCa[bYskñúgsmñakrbs´RB¼efr£ ehIypþaMfa ²elakTaMg

Lay cUrnaMykrbs´qan manbbr nigáyCaedIm mkGMBIxag

kñúgRsúk«bdæakRB¼efr£³ dUecñ¼ehIy RbKl´kic©ena¼[eFVI .

sameNrTaMgLayk¾eFVIvtþbeRmIRB¼efr£ . éf¶mYy PikçúTaMgLay

GñkenAkñúgTis ( GñkenAkñúgTIdéT ) mkkan´vtþeCtBn eday

bMNgfa ²nwgKal´RB¼sasþa³ fVaybg:MRB¼sasþa sYrsuxTukç

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -41-

RB¼GsitImhasavk ehIyRtaceTAkanTIcarikkñúgvihar dl´

lMenARB¼ckçúáletSrehIy manmuxeq<a¼eTATIena¼enAevlaresol

edaybMNgfa ²nwgemIlTIena¼³ .

kñúgxN£ena¼ mhaemXjúaMgePøóg[Føakcu¼mk . BYk

elakKitfa ²}LÚven¼resolehIy/ ehIyemXk¾ePøógeTot³

eyIgnwgmkemIleBlRBwk dUecñ¼ehIy k¾RtLb´eTAvij . ePøóg

Føakkñúgbzmyam Qb´kñúgCmÄimyam . RB¼efr£CaGñk ( Føab´ )

RárB§esckIþBüayamedIrc®g;mCanic©/ ehtudUecñ¼ eTIbcu¼kanTI

c®g;m nimnþc®g;mkñúgbc©imyam . k¾kñúgkalena¼ emePøógCa

eRcInekIteLIgehIyelIépÞdIEdlmanePøógFøakfμI@ . kalRB¼

efr£c®g;m eTAmk ánCanemePøóggab´CaeRcIn .

BYkGenþvasik minTanáneásTIc®g;mrbs´RB¼efr£enA

eLIy rIÉBYkPikçúeRkAen¼mkedaybMNgfa ²nwgemIllMenArbs´

RB¼efr£³ eXIjstVTaMgLaykñúgTIc®g;mehIy sYrfa ²nrNa

-42- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

c®g;mkñúgTIen¼³ BYksisßrbs´RB¼efr£eqøIyfa ²«bCÄay_rbs´

BYk¹kruNaelakm©as´³ . PikçúTaMgLayti¼edolfa ²GñkTaMg

LaycUremIlkm μrbs´smN£cu¼ kñúgkalEdlmanckçúenACa

elakedkmineFVIGVI kalmanckçúvikl eFVIÉgedIrc®g;m júaMgstV

manCIvit[gab´y¨ageRcIn . BYkPikçúeTARkabTUlRB¼tfaKtkñúg

xN£ena¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼ckçúáletSrTukxøÜnfa

( c®g;m ) eFVIstVmanCIvitCaeRcIn[gab´³ .

RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLayGñkTaMgLay

eXIj elakkMBugeFVIstVmanCIvitCaeRcIn[søab´Edr¦³ .

PikçúTaMgena¼ RkabTUlfa ²mineXIjeTRB¼Gg: ³ .

s¿ GñkTaMgLaymineXIjelak ( eFVI ) y¨agNa sUm,I

elakk¾mineXIjstVmanCIvitTaMgena¼dUecña¼Edr mñalPikçúTaMg-

LayEdleQμa¼fa ectnaCaehtujúaMgstV[gab´rbs´RB¼

xINaRsBTaMgLay ( KWbuK:lGñkmanGasv£Gs´ehIy ) rEmg

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -43-

minman .

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kal«bnisß&yénRB¼Grhtþman

ehtudUcemþc eTIbelakkøayCaGñkmanckçúggwteTAvij .

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay edayGMNackm μEdlxøÜneFVITuk

ehIy .

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn k¾elakáneFVIkm μGVITuk .

buBVkmμrbsRB¼ckçúál

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay ebIdUecña¼GñkTaMg

LaycUrsþab´edayeKarBcu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy ( Rtas´niTanerOgfa ) ½

kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTBaraNsI RKb´RKgraC-

sm,tþienAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI eBTümñakRtaceFVIevC¢km μkñúgRsúk

nigniKm eXIj®sIþEdlmanckçúTuBVlk¾sYrfa ²nagekItGI ³ ?

®sIþena¼eqøIyfa ²¹emIlmineXIj³ .

eBTüeBalfa ²¹nwgeFVIfñaM[nag³ .

-44- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´ sUmelakeFVIcu¼ .

B¿ nag [GVI¹ ?

s¿ RbsinebIelakGaceFVInUvEPñkTaMgLayrbs´¹[ Rt-

Lb´CaRbRktIán/ ¹ nigbuRtFItanwgRBmeFVICaTasaTasIrbs´

elak .

B¿ ²lðehIy nag³ dUecñ¼ehIy pßMfñaM[/ EPñkTaMgLay

RtLb´CaRbRktI edayfñaMEtmYymuxbu¨eNÑa¼ .

®sIþena¼Kitfa ²eyIgánebþCJacMeBa¼eBTüena¼fa ²eyIg

nigbuRtFItaRBmeFVICaTasaTasIrbs´eK³ k¾bu¨EnþeKmuxCanwg

minehArkeyIgedayvacaEdlTnPøneT eyIgnwgbeBaäateK³ .

kalEdleBTümkehIysYrfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn eraKkñúgEPñk

rbs´nagdUcemþceTAehIy³ ? nagk¾eqøIyfa ²kalmunEPñkTaMg-

Layrbs´¹ cakedatEtbnþicbnþÜcbu¨eNÑa¼ }LÚven¼ cakedat

y¨agéRkElg³ . eBTüKitfa ®sIþen¼kuhkeyIg edaymincg[

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -45-

nUvvtSútictYcEdlCaéføQñÜl eyIgminRtÚvkaréføQñÜlGMBI®sþI

en¼eT/ eyIgnwgeFVI®sþIen¼[xVakkñúgkal}LÚven¼³ ehIyeTA

kanpÞ¼Ráb´esckIþena¼dl´Priyarbs´xøÜn . nagánenAesøóm .

eBTüena¼pßMfñaMmYymux ehIyk¾eTAkansmñak®sþIena¼ edayRáb

[bnþkfñaMfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn cUrnagbnþkfñaMen¼cu¼³ . EPñk

TaMgBIrxagánrlt´eTAdUcGNþatRbTIbdUecña¼ . eBTüena¼án

( mkekIt ) CackçúálPikçúkñúgkal}LÚven¼ .

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay km μEdlbuRt

tfaKteFVIehIykñúgkalena¼CabtameKGMBIeRkay@ . BitNas´

EdleQμa¼faábkm μ rEmgCabtamGñkeFVI dUckgreT¼vileTA

tamsñameCIgeKa ( KWeKaEdleKTwmreT¼pÞúkTMnij ) eKanaMeTAnUv

Fur£³ lu¼RTg´Rtas´erOgen¼ehIy RB¼Gg:CaFm μraCa RTgán

RtasRB¼Kafaen¼bnþGnusn§i dUcRbfabRB¼raCsasn_ Edlman

dIRbcaMTukehIyedayRB¼raClBa©k; ( Rtarbs´RB¼raCa ) fa ½

-46- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

1 menabuBVg:ma Fm μa menaesdæa menamya

mnsa ec bTuedæn Pasti va kerati va

teta nM TukçmenVti ck;Mv vheta bTM .

Fm’’TaMgLay mancitþCaRbFan mancitþRbesIrbMput

( mancitþCaFM ) seRmcGMBIcitþ ebIbuK:lmancitþRtÚv

eTasRbTUsþehIy eBalkIþ eFVIkIþ ( nUvTuc©rit ) eRBa¼

Tuc©ritTaMgena¼ TukçrEmgCabtambuK:lena¼eTA

dUckgreT¼viltamdaneCIgeKaEdlkMBugGUsnwmeTA .

GFib,ayKafa

citþEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmiTaMg 4 mankamavcrkuslcitþ

CaedIm eQμa¼fa ²mena³ kñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ . bu¨EnþcitþEdlekIt

eLIgdl´eBTükñúgkalena¼ KWCaeTasmUlcitþbu¨eNÑa¼ .

bTfa buBVg:ma KW RbkbRBmehIyedaycitþ EdlCa

Fm μCati manRbRktIRbRBwtþeTAmun .

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -47-

bTfa Fmμa ERbfa Fm’’TaMgLay EdleQμa¼faFm’’man

4 y¨ag KWKuNFm’’ eTsnaFm’’ briytþiFm’’ nignisßtþniC¢IvFm’’ .

bNþaFm’’TaMg 4 Rbkarena¼ Fm μs&BÞkñúgBaküfa ²Fm’’ nigGFm’’

TaMgBIrRbkaren¼ [plmindUcKña GFm’’rEmgnaMeTAkannrk

Fm’’rEmg[dl´ suKti³ .

dUecñ¼eQμa¼fa KuNFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’ KWKuN ) . Fm μs&BÞ

kñúgBaküfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtnwgsEmþgFm’’manlmð

bTedImdl´GñkTaMgLay³ dUecñ¼CaedIm eQμa¼faeTsnaFm’’ ( ERb

fa Fm’’ KWeTsna ) . Fm μs&BÞkñúgBaküfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay

kulbuRtBYkxø¼kñúgelaken¼ rEmgeronFm’’ KWsut£/ eKyü£ dUecñ¼

CaedIm eQμa¼fa briytþiFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’ KWbriytþi ) . Fm μs&BÞ

kñúgBaküen¼fa sm&yena¼ÉgFm’’TaMgLay KWxn§rEmgman³

dUecñ¼CaedIm eQμa¼fa nisßtþFm’’ ( ERbfa Fm’’KWsPav£Edl

minEmnstV ) sUm,In&ykñúgbTfa ²niC¢IvFm’’³ EdlERbfa ( Fm’’ KW

-48- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

sPav£minEmnCIv£ ) k¾dUcKña . bNþaFm’’TaMg 4 Rbkarena¼

nisßtþFm’’ ¦niC¢IvFm’’ RB¼sasþaRTgRáfñaykkñúgKafaen¼ .

nisßtþFm’’ ¦niC¢IvFm’ena¼ edayGtSk¾ándl´ GrUbkçn§ 3 Rbkar

KW ²evTnaxn§ sBaØaxn§ sgçarkçn§³ . eRBa¼ehtufa GrUbkçn§ 3

Rbkaren¼ eQμa¼fa mancitþCaRbFan .

manBaküsYrfa ²k¾citþmanvtSú 1 manGarm μN_ 1 ekItkñúg

xN£ 1 rlt´kñúgxN£ 1 CamYynwgFm’’TaMgena¼ minmun min

eRkay eQμa¼fa CaRbFanénFm’’TaMgena¼dUcemþc³ ?

manBaküeqøIyfa ²citþmaneQμa¼fa CaRbFanénFm’’TaMg

ena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[ekIteLIg . dUc

y¨agfa kalBYkecarCaeRcIneFVIecarkm μ manbønGñkRsúkCaedIm

CamYyKña kalmaneKsYrfa ²nrNaCaRbFanénBYkva nrNaCa

bc©&yrbsBYkva KWBYkvaGaRs&yGñkNa eTIbeFVIkm μena¼án

Gñkena¼ eTa¼bICaeQ μa¼Ttþ£k¾eday eQ μa¼mtþ£k¾eday eKehA

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -49-

faRbFanrbs´va y¨agNamij Bakü«bemyüEdlCaeRKÓg

júaMgGtS[dl´RBmen¼ bNiÐtKb,Idwgc,as´ dUecñ¼ . citþeQ μa¼

faCaRbFanénFm’’TaMgLayena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’

TaMgena¼[ekIteLIg eRBa¼ehtuena¼ Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼fa

mancitþCaRbFan/ eRBa¼kalcitþminekIteLIg Fm’’TaMgena¼

minGacnwgekIteLIgán cMENkcitþsUm,IectsikFm’’BYkxø¼min

ekIteLIg k¾GacekIteLIgánEdr . mü¨ageTot citþeQμa¼fa

CaFMénFm’’TaMgLayena¼ edayGMNacCaGFibtI eRBa¼ehtuena¼

Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼famancitþCaFM . dUcyagfa CnTaMg-

LaymanecarEdlCaRbFanCaedIm EdlCaGFibtI áneQμa¼fa

CaFMénCnTaMgLaymanecarCaedIm y¨agNamij citþEdlCa

GFibtImaneQμa¼fa CaFMénFm’’TaMgena¼dUecña¼Edr eRBa¼ehtuena¼

Fm’’TaMgena¼ eTIbeQμa¼fa mancitþCaFM . mü¨ageTot PNУTaMg

Layena¼@ seRmcehIyGMBIvtSúNa maneQICaedIm k¾eQμa¼

-50- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

fa Carbs´seRmcehIyGMBIeQICaedIm y¨agNa sUm,IFm’

TaMgLayena¼ maneQ μa¼faseRmcehIyGMBIcitþ eRBa¼seRmc

mkGMBIcitþ dUecña¼ .

bTfa bTuedæn KW EdleTasmanGPiCÄaCaedIm EdleTIb

crmkfμIRbTUsþehIy . BitNas´ citþRbRktIeQ μa¼faPvg:citþ/

Pvg:citþena¼minRtÚveTasRbTUsþeLIy . dUcy¨agfa Twkføa

esAhμgehIy eRBa¼BN’TaMgLay manBN’exovCaedImEdl

eTIbmkfμIcUleTAeFVI[esAhμg CaTwkepßgmanBN’exovCaedIm

nigeQμa¼faTwkfμIk¾minEmn nigeQμa¼faTwkføadUcedIm k¾minEmn

y¨agNamij Pvg:citþRtÚveTas manGPiCÄaCaedImEdleTIbmk

fμIRbTUsþehIy nwgeQμa¼facitþfμIk¾minEmn nwgeQμa¼faPvg:citþ

dEdlk¾minEmn/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbRB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa

²mñalPikçúTaMgLay citþen¼CaFm μCatipUrpg EtvaesAhμgeRBa¼

«bki;elsTaMgLayEdleTIbmkfμInu+¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ . ebIbuK:lman

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -51-

citþRtÚveTasRbTUsþehIyy¨agen¼ .

áTRB¼Kafafa Pasti va kerati va KWkalbuK:lena¼

niyayrEmgniyayEtvcITuc©rit 4 y¨ag kaleFVIrEmgeFVIEtkay

Tuc©rit 3 y¨ag kalminniyay kalmineFVI eRBa¼kalEdlxøÜn

CaGñkmancitþEdleTas man GPiCÄa CaedIm RbTUsrayehIy

ena¼ rEmgjúaMgmenaTuc©rit 3 y¨ag[eBj . Gkuslkm μbf

10 y¨ag rbs´buK:lena¼ rEmgdl´kareBjeBaredayRbkar

y¨agen¼ . áTRB¼Kafafa teta nM TukçmenVti esckIþfa Tukç

rEmgCabtambuK:lena¼eTA eRBa¼Tuc©rit 3 y¨agena¼ KWTukçEdl

Capl TaMgRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ edaybri-

yayy¨agen¼fa TukçmankayCaTItaMgxø¼ TukçmancitþeRkAen¼Ca

TItaMgxø¼ rEmgeTAtamGtþPaBena¼ EdlCaGñkeTAenAkñúgGáy

PUmi 4 kIþ kñúgBYkmnusßkIþ edayGanuPaBénTuc©ritena¼ .

manBaküsYrfa ²TukçrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼dUcCaGVI³ ?

-52- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr

manBaküeqøIyfa dUcCakgreT¼vileTAtamsñameCIgeKa

EdlnaMeTAnUvFur£dUecña¼/ GFib,ayfa ²dUcCakgreT¼EdlvileTA

tamsñameCIgeKaEdleKTwmTukhñwgnwmnaMnwmeTA . dUcy¨agfa

vaGUseTAGs´mYyéf¶kIþ BIréf¶kIþ 10 éf¶kIþ knø¼ExkIþ rEmgminGac

[kgRtLb´viján KWminGacedIm,Il¼bgnUvkgeTAán/ kñúgn&y

fa kalvaQaneTAxagmux nwmk¾ebotebon ( sg;t ) k ( rbs´

va ) kalvafyeRkaykgk¾Tg:ic ( kkit ) nUvsacePøArbs´va/

kgebotebonedayehtu 2 Rbkaren¼ CavtSúEdlRbRBwtþeTAtam

sñameCIgrbs´va yagNa/ Tukçkay nigTukçcitþ EdlmanTuc©rit

CamUl rEmgCab´tambuK:lGñkmancitþEdlRtÚveTasRbTUsþ

ehIy júaMgTuc©rit 3 Rbkar[eBjbribUN’ehIy zitenAkñúgTI

EdleKeTAehIy@ mannrkCaedImy¨agena¼Ég .

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -53-

kñúgkalcb´Kafa Pikçú 3000 rUb ánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ

mYyGenøIedaybdismÖiTaTaMgLay . eTsnaánCakfamanRb-

eyaCn_ manplsUm,Idl´bris&TGñkRbCuMKñaehIy dUecñ¼Ég .

( erOgRB¼ckçúáletSr cb )

r o s

2 erOgmdækuNÐlI

esckIþxagedIm

cMENkRB¼KafaTIBIrfa ²menabuBVg:ma³ CaedIm RB¼man

RB¼PaK RTgRárB§mdækuNÐlImaNB sEmþgenAkñúgRkúgsavtSI

ena¼Ég .

RBahμN_eFVIeRKÓgRbdab[buRt

manesckIþdMNalmkfa enAkñúgRkúgsavtSI manRBahμN_

mñakeQ μa¼ GTinñbuBVk£ . KatminFøab´[vtSúGVI @ dl´nrNa @ .

eRBa¼ehtuena¼ mhaCnk¾ándakeQμa¼[Katfa ²GTinñbuBVk£³

KatmanbuRtmñakCaTIRsLajeBjcitþ . eRkaymk Kat´cg´

edIm,InwgeFVIeRKÓgRbdab[dl´buRtena¼ k¾Kitfa ²RbsinebIeyIg

CYlCagmas[eFVIk¾nwgRtÚv[Ptþ nigéføQñÜldl´Cag³ dUecña¼

ehIy k¾dMmasedayxøÜnÉg ehIyeFVICaTMhU‘relag@ eRscehIy

[ ( dl´buRtrbs´xøÜn ) eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbbuRtrbs´Katán

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -55-

RákdeQμa¼fa mdækuNÐlI³ .

BüaálbuRtxøÜnÉgeRBa¼xøacGséføQñÜl

kñúgkalbuRtena¼manGayuán 16 qñaM k¾ekIteraKs:m

elog . mataRkeLkeXIjbuRtehIyk¾niyaynwgRBahμN_

²EdlCasVamI³ fa ²bBiRtRBahμN_ eraKekIteLIgehIydl´buRt

rbs´elak sUmelakrkeBTümkBüaál[vacu¼³ .

RBahμN_eqøIyfa ²En nagd¾ceRmIn RbsinebIGjnwgrk

eBTümk/ GjnwgKb,I[éføQñÜl nigrgVandl´eK nagmineXIj

nUvkarxatbgRTBürbs´eyIgeTGI³ .

nagRBahμNIsYrfa ²bBiRtRBahμN_ kalebIdUecña¼

etIelakeFVIdUcemþceTA³ ?

RBahμN_eqøIyfa ²RTBürbseyIgnwgminxatbgeTAeday

RbkarNa eyIgnwgeFVIy¨agena¼³ .

RBahμN_ena¼eTAkansmñakBYkeBTüehIy sYrfa ²BYk

-56- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

elakpßMfñaMdUcemþcdl´GñkCm¶WEdlekIteraKeQ μa¼ÉeNa¼³ .

RKaena¼ BYkeBTük¾Ráb´nUvrukçaGvyv£ mansMbkeQICa

edImdl´RBahμN_ena¼ . RBahμN_ ( eTA ) yk¬seQICaedIm

EdlBYkeTBüRáb´ena¼mk ehIyeFVIfñaM[dl´buRtrbs´xøÜn .

kalRBahμN_eFVIfñaMdUecña¼[buRtrbs´xøÜnpwk/ eraKán ( keRmIk

eLIg ) y¨agxøaMgkøa ( rhUt ) cUldl´karEdlminmannrNanwg

Büaálán . RBahμN_dwgfabuRtTuBVlPaBehIy k¾GeBa¢Ij

eBTümñakmk eBTüena¼ ( mk ) BinitüemIlehIy k¾niyay ( eKc

Ek ) fa ²¹mankic©rvl´ sUmelakGeBa¢IjeBTüdéTmkBüaál

cu¼³ dUecña¼ehIy RbEkknwgRBahμN_ena¼ehIy k¾laeTA .

[buRtedkeRkApÞ¼eRBa¼xøaceKeXIjsm,tþi

RBahμN_dwgfa buRtrbs´xøÜnCitsøab´ehIy k¾Kitfa ²BYk

CnEdlmkedIm,IsYrsuxTukçbuRten¼ eXIjRTBüsm,tþixagkñúg

pÞ¼ eyIgnwgnaMeKecjeTAxageRkA³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbnaMykbuRt

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -57-

ecjmk[edkB§d¾xageRkApÞ¼ .

RB¼BuT§BicarNaeXIj«bnisß&yrbs´mdækuNÐlI

kñúgevlabc©Úsm&ynaéf¶ena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaK esþcecj

GMBIRB¼mhakruNasmabtþi RTgRbemIlemIlnUvstVelakeday

BuT§ckçú edIm,IEsVgrkBYkstVGñkmanepABgß EdlRB¼Gg:Kb,I

ENnaMán EdlmankuslmUlekIteLIg ehIymanGFikar

EdláneFVITukehIykñúgRB¼BuT§Gg:mun@ ánRTgpßaysMNaj

KWRB¼jaNeTAkñúgmuWncRkvaL .

mdækuNÐlImaNB ánRákdB§d¾xagkñúgsMNaj KWRB¼

jaN kalEdlxøÜnedkenAB§d¾xageRkApÞ¼ena¼Ég .

RB¼sasþa TteXIjmdækuNÐlIehIy RTgRCabfa RBahμN_

EdlCabitanaMbuRtecjGMBIxagkñúgpÞ¼ ehIy[edkB§d¾xageRkA

pÞ¼ena¼ RTgBicarNafa kalEdltfaKtyageTAkanTIena¼

²nwgmanRbeyaCn_xø¼Edr¦eThñ+³ kMBugRTgBicarNaena¼Ég k¾

-58- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

áneXIjehtuen¼fa ²maNBena¼nwgjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfa-

Kt eFVIkalkiriyaehIynwgekItkñúgviman maskMBs´ 30 eyaCn_

kñúgtavtþigßeTvelak mannageTBGbßrCabrivar 1000 . cMENk

RBahμN_eRbImnusß[dutsaksBkUnena¼ehIy yMedIreTAkan´

TIdutena¼ . eTvbuRtnwgrmilemIlnUvGtþPaBkMBs 3 Kavut

EdlRbdab´edayeRKÓgGlg;arTm¶n 60 reT¼ mannageTBGbßr

Cabrivar 1000 Kitfa ²sirIsm,tþien¼eyIgánedaykm μGVIhñ+ ³ ?

dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ándwgfa ánedaycitþRC¼føacMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt

Kitfa ²bitaminGeBa¢IjeBTümkpßMfñaM[dl´eyIg eRBa¼xøacERkg

RTBünwgGs´eTA }LÚven¼ eTAkanáqaERskyM/ eyIgnwgeFVIKat´

[dl´Rbkard¾Ebøk³ dUecñ¼ehIy edaykarfñaMgfñakcMeBa¼bita k¾

nim μitxøÜndUcmdækuNÐlImaNB mkeFVIdUcCaERskyMkñúgTICit

áqa . eBlena¼ RBahμN_nwgsYrmaNBena¼fa ²ÉgCa

nrNa³ k¾Ráb´fa ¹CamdækuNÐlImaNB buRtrbs´elak .

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -59-

RBahμN_¿ ÉgeTAekItkñúgPBNa ?

eTvbuRt¿ kñúgPBtavtþigß .

kalRBahμN_sYrfa ²eRBa¼eFVIkm μGVI ³ ? eKnwgRáb´fa eK

júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼tfaKt . RBahμN_nwgsYrtfaKtfa kar

júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼Gg: ( bu¨eNÑa¼ ) ehIy eTAekItkñúgeTv-

elakmanEdr¦³ ? eBlena¼ tfaKtnwgeqøIyRáb´RBahμN_fa

²minmannrNaGacnwgkMNtedaykarrab´ánfa manRbmaN

b¨ueNѼry ¦bu¨eNѼBan ¦k¾bu¨eNѼEsneLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy nwg

sEmþgKafakñúgFm μbT . kñúgkalcb´Kafa karRtas´dwgFm’’nwg

mandl´stV 84000 mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRtnwgánCaesatabnñ/

sUm,IGTinñbuBVkRBahμN_k¾dUcKñaEdr . GaRs&ykulbuRten¼ kar

bUCaFm’’CaeRcInnwgmanedayRbkardUecñ¼/ kñúgéf¶EsðkeLIgRTg

bdibtþi ( CRm¼ ) RB¼srIr£eRscehIy EdlmanPikçúsgÇmYy

BYkFMEhhm esþccUleTAkanRkúgsavtSIedIm,IbiNÐát esþc

-60- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

yagdl´TVarpÞ¼rbs´RBahμN_edaylMdab´ .

mdækuNÐlIjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼BuT§Cam©as

RKaena¼ mdækuNÐlImaNB kMBugedkEbrmuxeTAxagkñúg

pÞ¼ . RB¼sasþaRTgRCabfa mdækuNÐlImineXIjRB¼Gg:/ eTIb

ánpßayRB¼rs μIeTAmYyBüam . maNBKitfa ²BnøWen¼CaBnWøGVI³ ?

eTIbERbRtLb´mk eXIjRB¼sasþaehIy Kitfa ²eyIgGa-

Rs&ybitaEdlCamnusßGn§Bal eTIbmináncUleTAKal´RB¼

BuT§Cam©as´Ebben¼ edIm,IeFVIesckIþxVl´xVayedaykay ¦fVay

Tan ¦sþab´Fm’’/ }LÚven¼sUm,IEtédTaMgBIrxagrbs´eyIgk¾elIk

minrYc . kic©EdlGjKYreFVIy¨agdéTminman³ dUecñ¼ehIy án

júaMgcitþbu¨eNÑa¼[RC¼føa .

eRBa¼citþRC¼føaeFVIkalkiriyaeTAekItkñúgeTvelak

RB¼sasþaRTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²karEdlmaNBen¼ júaMgcitþ

[RC¼føacMeBa¼tfaKtmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼlμmehIy³ k¾esþcRTg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -61-

ecosecjeTA kalRB¼tfaKtl¼bgnUvKnøgckçúbu¨eNÑa¼/ ma-

NBena¼mancitþRC¼føaeFVIkalkiriyaehIy hakdUcCalkehIy

RtLb´PJakeLIg eTAekItkñúgvimanmaskMBs´RbmaN 30 eyaCn_

kñúgeTvelak .

RBahμN_xßwkxßÜldlbuRt

cMENkRBahμN_eRbI[eKdutsaksBkUnena¼ehIy Kit

EtBIxßwkxßÜldl´buRt KateTAkanáqaral´@éf¶ yMpg erobrab´

pgfa ²kUnsmøajrbs´BukenATINa ? kUnsmøajrbs´BukenA

TINa ³ ?

eTvbuRtnimμitkayeTArkRBah μN_

eTvbuRtena¼ RkeLkemIlsm,tþirbs´xøÜnehIy Kitfa

²sm,tþien¼etIeyIgánedaykm μGVI ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾dwg

fa ²ánedaycitþEdlRC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbKit

teTAfa ²RBahμN_en¼kñúgkalEdleyIgminsb,ay ( manCm¶W )

-62- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

minánGeBa¢IjeBTümkBüaáleT/ }LÚven¼ eTAkanáqaERsk

yM/ eyIgKYrEteFVIKat[dl´nUvRbkard¾Ebøk³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾nim μit

xøÜndUcmdækuNÐlImaNB Qr{bédyMkñúgTIminq¶ayGMBIáqa .

eTvbuRtnigRBahμN_áneqøIyqøgKña

RBahμN_eXIjGakarena¼ehIy k¾Kitfa ²eyIgyMeRBa¼

esaksþayGaela¼Gal&ybuRt/ k¾maNBena¼yMRtÚvkarGVIEdr ?

eyIgnwgsYreKemIl_ ³ dUecñ¼ehIy kalnwgsYr áneBalKafa

en¼fa ½

²GñkRbdab´tubEtgehIy dUcmdækuNÐlI manPar£ KW

kRmgp;amanxøÜnd¾x<s´eLIg edaykareRá¼RBMeday

xøwmcnÞn_manBN’’Rkhm/ Qr{bédTaMgBIrknÞkkenÞj

enAkNþaléRB etIekItTukçerOgGVI ³ ?

maNBeqøIyfa ½

²ragénrfeFVIedaymasd¾PWøepøk ( CaEdnpßayecjén

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -63-

rs μI ) ekIteLIgehIydl´¹/ ¹minánnUvKUénkgedIm,I

ragénrfena¼ ¹nwgminmanCIvit eRBa¼esckIþTukçena¼ ³ .

RKaena¼RBahμN_ánniyaynwgmaNBena¼fa ½

²mñalmaNBd¾ceRmIn KUénkgena¼ eTa¼bIseRmceday

maskIþ seRmcedayEkvmNIkIþ seRmcedayelah£

kIþ seRmcedayRákkIþ GñkcUrRáb´¹mkcu¼/ ¹nwgjúaMg

Gñk[ánKUénkgena¼ ³ .

maNBánsþab´nUvBaküena¼ehIy Kitfa ½

²RBahμN_en¼mineFVIfñaM[dl´buRtehIy lu¼mkeXIj

eyIgmanrUbragdUcbuRtrbs´xøÜnkMBugyM k¾niyayfa

eyIgnwgeFVIkgénrf EdlseRmcedaymasCaedIm[

eNHIycu¼ eyIgnwgp©ajp©alKat³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIb

eBalfa ²elaknwgeFVIKUénkg[dl´¹FMbu¨NÑa ? ³ kal

RBahμN_ena¼eBalfa etIGñkRtÚvkarTMhMbu¨nμaneTA³

-64- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eTIbRáb´fa ½

²¹RtÚvkarRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitüTaMgBIrdYg elakEdl

¹sUmehIy emtþa[nUvRB¼GaTitü nigRB¼c&nÞTaMgBIr

ena¼dl´¹cu¼³ .

maNBena¼eBalteTAeTotfa ½

²RB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitürugerOgkñúgvifITaMgBIr rfrbs¹

seRmcehIyedaymas rEmglðsmnwgKUénkgena¼³ .

lMdab´ena¼RBahμN_niyaynwgmaNBfa ½

²mñalmaNB GñkRáfñarbsEdlminKYrRáfña Ca

mnusßl¶gexøAeBkehIy ¹yl´fa GñkRáfñarhUt

dl´søab´k¾nwgminánRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitüTaMgBIr

ena¼eLIy³ .

xN£ena¼ maNBk¾ánniyayeTAkanRBahμN_ena¼fa

²k¾buK:lGñkyM RtÚvkarvtSúEdlRákdCamnusßl¶gexøA ¦fa

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -65-

buK:lGñkyM RtÚvkarvtSúEdlminRákdCamnusßl¶gexøA ³ ? dUecñ¼

ehIy eTIbeBalKafafa ½

²sUm,IkareTA nigkarmkrbs´RB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitük¾

Rákd vNÑFatuKWrs μIénRB¼c&nÞ nigRB¼GaTitük¾Rá-

kdenAkñúgvifITaMgBIr ( cMENk ) CnEdleFVIkalkiriya

eTAehIy nrNak¾mineXIj/ bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrEdl

CaGñknÞkkenÞjenAkñúgTIen¼ etInrNaCamnusßl¶g

exøACagnrNa ³ ?

RBahμN_ylRBmcu¼cajehIysresIreTvbuRt

RBahμN_sþab´Baküena¼ehIy Kitkñúgfa ²maNBen¼

niyayRtÚv³ eTIbeBalKafafa ½

²mñalmaNBd¾ceRmIn GñkniyayBaküen¼ RtwmRtÚv

ehIy bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrEdlCaGñkknÞkkenÞj ( enA

kñúgTIen¼ ¹Camnusßl¶gexøACag ¹cgánbuRtEdl

-66- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eFVIkalkiriyaeTAehIymkvij dUcTarkyMcgánRB¼c&nÞ³.

dUecñ¼ehIy CaGñkGs´esckIþesakeRBa¼Bakürbs´ma-

NBena¼/ kalnwgsresIrmaNBáneBalKafaTaMgen¼fa ½

²GñkmkeRsacrMltnUv¹ EdlCaGñkRtÚvePIøgKWesckIþ

esakduteralralehIy dUcbuK:lrMltePIøgEdleq¼

qñaMgeRbgedayTwk/ ¹rEmgjúaMgesckIþRkvl´Rkvay

TaMgBYg[rltán elakbenÞabgesckIþesakdl´

butþrbs´¹¡EdlesckIþesakRKbsg;tehIy ándk

kUnsr KWesckIþesakEdlcakedath¬T&yrbs¹

ecján ¹ena¼CaGñkmankUnsr Edlelakdkecj

ehIy CaGñkRtCaks¶b´rm¶ab´ehIy/ mñalmaNB

¹minesakesA minyMeRBa¼ánsþab´Bakürbs´Gñk³ .

RBahμN_saksYreTvbuRt

RKaena¼ RBah μN_kalnwgsYreTvbuRtfa ²GñkeQμa¼GVI ?³

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -67-

eTIbeBalKafafa ½

²mñalGñkd¾ceRmIn GñkCaeTvta ¦k¾CaKn§B ¦faCa

burinÞTsk;eTvraC/ GñkeQμa¼GVI ? CabuRtrbs´Gñk

Na ? eFVIdUcemþceTA eTIb¹áns:al´Gñk³ ?

RKaena¼ maNBRábRBahμN_ena¼fa ½

²GñkdutbuRtNa kñúgéRBs μsanxøÜnÉg ehIyrEmg

knÞkkenÞj nigyMrkbuRtNa buRtena¼KW¹ eFVIkusl-

kmμehIydl´nUvPaBCasmøajrbs´eTvtaCantavtþigß .

RBahμN_áneBalfa ½

²kalGñk[Tantic ¦eRcInkñúgpÞ¼rbs´xøÜn ¦rkßa

«eásfkmμ ¦k¾eFVInUvGMeBIEdlCakuslÉNanImYy

ena¼ ¹minEdleXIjeLIy/ GñkeTAkaneTvelak

áneRBa¼kmμGVI ³ ?

maNBáneBalfa ½

-68- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

²¹maneraKQWlMák mankayrsab´rsl´ enAkñúgpÞ¼

rbs´xøÜn/ ¹áneXIjRB¼BuT§EdlCaGñkRásFUlI KWki-

els/ RB¼Gg:qøgputesckIþsgß&yehIy esþcyag

eTAedaylð manRB¼RáCJaminefakfy/ ¹ena¼CaGñkman

citþrIkrayehIy mancitþRC¼føaehIy ánfVaynUv

GBa¢lIcMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt .

¹áneFVIkuslkm μena¼ehIy eRkayGMBIcuti k¾ánCa

smøajrbs´BYkeTvtaCan´tavtþigß³ .

RBahμN_dlRB¼BuT§CasrN£

kalmaNBena¼ kMBugniyayerobrab´ena¼Ég srIr£TaMg

Gs´rbs´RBahμN_k¾eBareBjedaybIti . RBahμN_ena¼ kal

nwgRbkasbItiena¼ eTIbeBalfa ½

²KYrGs©arüNas´hñ+ KYr[cEmøkNas´hñ+ viákénkar

eFVInUvGBa¢lIkm μen¼ RbRBwtþeTAándUecñ¼ sUm,I¹mancitþ

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -69-

rIkrayehIy mancitþRC¼føaehIy dl´RB¼BuT§CasrN£

kñúgéf¶en¼Ég ³ .

eTvbuRt[{vaTRBah μN_ehIyk¾átxøÜneTA

RKaena¼ maNBáneBalnwgRBahμN_fa ½

²elakcUrCaGñkmancitþRC¼føaehIy dl´RB¼BuT§ RB¼Fm’’

nigRB¼sgÇ CasrN£taMgBIéf¶en¼eTAcu¼ elakcUrCa

GñkmancitþRC¼føayagena¼ ehIysmaTansikçabT 5 kuM

[dacFøú¼Føay/ cUrRbjab´evorcakáNatát ( kar

smøab´stV ) cUrevorcakrbs´Edlm©as´eKminTan[

kñúgelak/ cUrkuMpwkTwkRsvwg/ cUrkuMniyaykuhk/ nigcUr

CaGñkeBjcitþcMeBa¼EtPriyarbs´xøÜncu¼ ³ .

RBahμN_TTYlfa ²lðehIy ³ ánPasitKafaTaMgen¼fa ½

²mñalykß GñkCaGñkRáfñaRbeyaCn_dl´¹/ mñal

eTvtaGñkCaGñkRáfñanUvvtSúEdlCa«bkar£dl´¹/ ¹nwg

-70- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eFVI ( tam ) Bakürbs´Gñk/ GñkCaGacarürbs´¹/ ¹

sUmdl´RB¼BuT§CasrN£pg/ ¹sUmdl´RB¼Fm’’Edl

minmanvtSúdéTéRkElgCag CasrN£pg/ ¹sUm

dlRB¼sgÇrbsRB¼BuT§ EdlCamnusßlðBiess

BiessdUceTvtafaCasrN£pg/ ¹m©as´nwgRbjab´

evorcakáNatiát/ evorcakkarkanykRTBüsm,tþi

Edlm©as´eKminTan[kñúgelak/ minpwkTwkRsvwg/ min

niyaykuhk/ nigCaGñkeBjcitþcMeBa¼Priyarbs´xøÜn³ .

xN£ena¼ eTvbuRteBalnwgRBahμN_fa ²mñalRBahμN_

RTBükñúgpÞ¼rbs´elakmaneRcIn/ sUmelakcUleTAKal´RB¼-

sasþa ehIyfVayTan cUrsþab´Fm’’ cUrsYrbBaHa³ dUecñ¼ehIy

k¾átGMBITIena¼eTA .

RBahμN_fVayTancMeBa¼RB¼BuT§

cMENkRBahμN_ eTApÞ¼ehIy ehAnagRBahμNImk

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -71-

niyayfa ²mñalnagd¾ceRmIn ¹nwgnimnþRB¼smNeKatm ehIy

TUlsYrbBaHa/ nagcUreRtómeRKÓgsk;ar£cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTAkan

vihar minfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa mineFVIbdisNæar£ QrenAkñúgTI

d¾smKYrmYy ehIyRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn sUm

RB¼Gg:RBmTaMgRB¼PikçúsgÇ emtþaRTgGnueRKa¼TTYlPtþrbs´¹

RB¼Gg:edIm,Iesaykñúgéf¶en¼³ .

RB¼sasþaRTgTTYledaytuNHIPaB . RBahμN_ándwg

fa RB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIy eTIbmkkanpÞ¼edayrh&s eRbI

mnusß[catEcgxaTnIyePaCnIyahar edIm,IfVaycMeBa¼RB¼-

sasþa . RB¼sasþa EdlBYkPikçúsgÇEhhmehIy esþcyag

eTAkanpÞ¼RBahμN_ena¼ RTgKgelIGasn£EdleKRkalTuk .

RBahμN_Gg:asRB¼sasþaRBmTaMgPikçúsgÇedayeKarB . mha

CnRbCuMKña . án|fa kalRB¼tfaKtEdlRBah μN_micäaTidæi

nimnþehIy BYkCnBIrBYkEtgmkRbCuMKña KWBYkCnEdlCamicäaTidæi

-72- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

RbCuMKñaedaytaMgcitþfa ²éf¶en¼BYkeyIgnwgrgcaMemIlRB¼smN

eKatm EdlRtÚvRBahμN_ebotebonedaykarsYrbBaHa³ BYkCn

EdlCasm μaTidæiRbCuMKñaedaytaMgcitþfa ²éf¶en¼BYkeyIgnwgrgcaM

emIlBuT§vis&y BuT§lIla³ .

RKaena¼ RBahμN_cUleTAKal´RB¼tfaKt EdlRTgeFVI

Ptþkic©eRscehIy Gg:úyelIGasn£Tab ánTUlsYrbBaHafa

²bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn manEdr¦eTcMeBa¼BYkCnEdlminán

fVayTancMeBa¼RB¼Gg: minánbUCaRB¼Gg: minánsþab´Fm’’ min

ánrkßa«eásfesa¼ áneTAekItkñúgzansYK’edayRtwmEtcitþ

RC¼føaEtmü¨agbu¨eNÑa¼ ³ ?

s¿ mñalRBahμN_ ehtudUcemþc eTIbGñkmksYrtfaKt

karEdlbuK:ljúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfaKtehIy ekItkñúgzansYK’

EdlmdækuNÐlICabuRtrbs´GñkánRáb´GñkehIy minEmn¦ ?

B¿ bBiRtRB¼eKatmd¾ceRmIn kalNa ?

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -73-

s¿ éf¶EdlGñkxßwkxßÜleTAkanéRBs μsan GñkeXIjmaNB

mñakQr{bédknÞkkenÞjenAkñúgTIminq¶ayehIysYrfa ½

²GñkRbdab´tubEtgehIydUcmdækuNÐlI manPar£KWkRmg

p;a manxøÜnrugerOgedayxøwmcnÞn_Rkhm³ .

dUecñ¼CaedIm minEmn¦ ? kalnwgRTgRbkasBaküEdl

CnTaMgBIrnakeBalehIy ánRtas´erOgmdækuNÐlI . eRBa¼

dUecña¼ erOgmdækuNÐlIena¼ eTIbáneQμa¼fa CaBuT§Pasit .

kalRB¼sasþaRtas´erOgmdækuNÐlIena¼ehIy eTIbRtas´fa

²mñalRBahμN_ minEmnmanEtmYyry ¦BIrryeT edayBit

karrab´BYkstV EdljúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfaKtehIy ekItkñúg

zansYK’rEmgrabminán³ . mhaCnánCaGñkekItesckIþsgß&y

eLIg xN£ena¼ RB¼sasþaRTgRCabkarEdlmhaCnena¼min

TanGsesckIþsgß&y ánRTgGFidæanfa ²sUmmdækuNÐlIeTvbutþ

cUrmkRBmCamYynwgviman³ . mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRt EdlRbdab´

-74- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

ehIyedayeRKÓgGaPrNTiBV kMBs´RbmaN 3 Kavut át

GMBIeTvelak mkkansmñakRB¼manRB¼PaKRBmCamYynwgviman

cu¼mkGMBIvimanfVaybg:MRB¼sasþaehIy QrenAkñúgTId¾smKYr

mYy .

xN£ena¼ RB¼sasþakalnwgRtas´sYreTvbuRtfa ²Gñk

eFVIkm μGVI eTIbánsm,tþiEbben¼³ ánRtasRB¼Kafafa ½

²eTvta GñkmankaylðéRkElgNas´ QrjúaMgTis

TaMgBYg[PWøsVag dUcp;ayRBwk/ mñaleTvtaGñkman

GanuPaBeRcIn tfaKtsuMsYrGñk ( kal ) GñkCamnusß

áneFVIbuNüGVITuk³ .

eTvbuRtRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sm,tþien¼¹

RB¼Gg: ánehIy eRBa¼júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼Gg:³ .

s¿ sm,tþien¼GñkánehIy eRBa¼júaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgtfa-

Kt¦ ?

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -75-

T¿ RB¼kruNa RB¼Gg: .

mhaCnRkeLkemIleTvbuRtehIy ánRbkasesckIþ

eRtkGrfa ²En+ Gñkd¾ceRmInTaMgLay BuT§KuNGs©arüBitEmn

hñ+ buRtrbs´RBahμN_eQ μa¼ GTinñbuBVk£ mináneFVIbuNüGVI @

yagdéTeLIy RKanjúaMgcitþ[RC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa k¾ánsm,tþi

Ebben¼³ .

citþCaFMkñúgkmμRKby¨ag

RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´eTAkanBYkCnTaMgena¼fa ²kñúg

kareFVIkm μEdlCakusl nigGkusl citþCaRbFan citþCaFM/

eRBa¼fa km μEdleFVIedaycitþEdlRC¼føaehIy rEmgminl¼bg´

buK:lGñkeTAkaneTvelak mnusßelak dUcCaRsemaldUecña¼³

lu¼Rtas´erOgen¼ehIy RB¼Gg:EdlCaFm μraCa ánRtas´RB¼

Kafaen¼bnþGnusn§i dUcRbfab´RB¼raCsasn_ EdlmanRtaRbcaM

TukehIy edayRB¼Kafafa ½

-76- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

2 menabuBVg:ma Fm μa menaesdæa menamya

mnsa ec bsenñn Pasti va kerati va

teta nM suxmenVti qaya v GnuáyinI .

Fm’’TaMgLay mancitþCaRbFan mancitþRbesIr

bMput seRmcGMBIcitþ ebIbuK:lmancitþRC¼føaehIy

eBalkIþ eFVIkIþ ( nUvsucrit ) eRBa¼sucritTaMgena¼

suxrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼eTA dUcRsemal

GenÞaltamRáN .

GFib,ayKafa

citþEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmiTaMg 4 mankamavcrPUmiCaedIm

RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´ehAfa ²mena³ kñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ edaymin

EbøkKñak¾BitEmnehIy/ b¨uEnþkalkMNtykcitþkñúgbTen¼ rEmg

ándl´citþCakamavcrkusl 8 dYg/ k¾kaleBaledayGMNac

vtSú rEmgándl´citþEdlRbkbedayjaN RbRBwtþeTARBmnwg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -77-

esamnsßGMBIkamavcrkuslcitþ 4 dYg bu¨eNÑa¼ .

bTfa buBVg:ma esckIþfa RbkbCamYynwgcitþEdlCa

sPav£ RbRBwtþeTAmunena¼ xn§ 3 manevTnaxn§CaedIm eQ μa¼fa

Fm’’ . BitNas´ citþCaRbFanrbs´GrUbkçn§TaMg 3 manevTnaxn§

CaedImena¼ eTIbeBaledayGtS KWCabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[

ekIteLIg eRBa¼ehtuena¼ xn§TaMg 3 Rbkarena¼ eTIbeQ μa¼faman

citþCaRbFan . dUc«TahrN_fa kalTaykCaeRcInkMBugeFVI

buNü manRbeKnbiNÐát nigcIvrCaedImdl´PikçúsgÇmYyBYk

FMkIþ manbUCad¾éRkElg nigsþab´Fm’’ ehIydutRbTIbeFVIsk;ar£

edaykMrgp;aCaedImkIþ kalmanGñksYrfa ²nrNaCaRbFanén

TaykTaMgena¼³ TaykNaCabc©&yrbsBYkeK/ KWBYkeKGaRs&y

TaykNa eTIbeFVIbuNüTaMgena¼án/ Taykena¼eQμa¼tisߣ

k¾eday eQμa¼busߣk¾eday CMnuMCnrEmgehAfa CaRbFanrbs´

BYkeK³ y¨agNamij Bakü«bemyüEdlCaeRKÓgjúaMgesckIþ

-78- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

[dl´RBm bNiÐitKb,IRCabdUecñ¼ . citþeQ μa¼faCaRbFan

énFm’’TaMgena¼ edayGtSfa Cabc©&yjúaMgFm’’TaMgena¼[ekIt

eLIgedayRbkardUecñ¼/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbFm’’TaMgen¼Ég eQ μa¼

fa mancitþCaRbFan/ BitNas´ Fm’’TaMgena¼kalcitþminekIt

eLIg k¾minGacnwgekIteLIgán cMENkcitþ kalectsikxø¼

minekIteLIg k¾ekIteLIgánEdr . citþmaneQμa¼fa CaFMCagFm’’

TaMgena¼ eRBa¼edayGMNacCaGFibtI eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbFm’’TaMg

ena¼eQμa¼fa mancitþCaFM . mü¨ageTot vtSúTaMgLayena¼@ sMerc

ehIyGMBIvtSú manmasCaedIm k¾eQμa¼faseRmcehIyGMBImas

CaedIm y¨agNamij/ sUm,IFm’’TaMgena¼ k¾áneQ μa¼fa sMerc

ehIyGMBIcitþ eRBa¼CarbsEdlseRmcmkGMBIcitþ dUecña¼ .

bTfa bsenñn esckIþfa RC¼føaehIyedayKuNTaMg-

Lay mankarminsmøwgrMéBCaedIm .

BIrbTfa Pasti va kerati va esckIþfa buK:lmancitþ

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -79-

Ebben¼ kalnwgniyay rEmgniyayEtsucrit 4 y¨ag kal

nwgeFVI rEmgeFVIEtsucirt 3 yag kalminniyay kalmineFVI

rEmgeFVIEtmenasucrit 3 y¨ag [eBjbribUN’ eRBa¼karEdl

xøÜnCaGñkmancitþRC¼føapUrpgehIyedayKuNTaMgLay man

GnPiCÄaCaedImena¼ . kuslkm μbf 10 rbs´buK:lena¼

rEmgdlkareBjbribUN’edayRbkary¨agen¼ .

áTRB¼Kafafa teta nM suxmenVti esckIþfa esckIþ

suxrEmgCab´tambuK:lena¼eTA eRBa¼sucrit 3 y¨agena¼ .

kuslTaMg 3 PUmi RB¼manRB¼PaKRáfñaykehIykñúgTIen¼/

eRBa¼dUecña¼ bNiÐtKb,IRCabkarGFib,ayfa ²esckIþsuxEdl

Capl EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ ( edaybri-

yayen¼ ) fa esckIþsuxmankayCaTItaMgxø¼ esckIþsuxman

citþCaTItaMgxø¼rEmgCab´tameTA KWfa rEmgminl¼bgbuK:lena¼

EdlekItehIykñúgsuKtiPBkIþ taMgenAkñúgTIEdlesaysuxkñúg

-80- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

suKtikIþ eRBa¼GanuPaBénsucritEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgPUmi 3 man

BaküsYrs‘kcUlmkfa ²dUcGVI³ eqøIyfa ²dUcRsemalEdlman

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Carbs´Cab´nwgsrIr£ kalsrIr£edIreTA vak¾eTAEdr/ kalsrIr£

Qb´ vak¾Qb´/ kalsrIr£Gg:úy vak¾Gg:úyEdr/ minmannrNa

GacnwgsþIfavaedayBaküTn´PønkIþ edayBaküeRKatRKatkIþ fa

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fa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI³ eqøIyfa eRBa¼vaCarbs´Cab´nwgsrIr£ y¨agNa

mij esckIþsuxEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgkay nigRbRBwtþeTAkñúgcitþ

mankamavcrsuxCaedIm mankusl KWkuslkm μbf 10 Rbkar

en¼ EdlbuK:lRbRBwtþmkehIy nigRbRBwtþlðehIy CamUl Ca

¬sKl´ rEmgminl¼bg ( buK:lena¼ ) kñúgTIEdlbuK:lena¼

eTAehIy@ dUcRsemalGenÞaleTAtamRáN .

kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa karRtas´dwgFm’’ mandl´BYkstV

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgmdækuNÐlI -81-

84000 mdækuNÐlIeTvbuRttaMgenAkñúgRB¼esatabtþipl/ GTinñ-

buBVkRBahμN_k¾dUcKñaEdr . Kat´ánsabeRBa¼RTBüsm,tþid¾

eRcInkñúgRB¼BuT§sasna edayRbkar dUecñ¼Ég >�

( erOgmdækuNÐlI cb´ )

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eQ μa¼ tisߣ ánRtas´nUvRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²Gekacäi mM

GvFi mM³ CaedIm .

RB¼tisßetSrCaGñkTUnμanlMák nig RbkanxøÜn

án|mkfa RB¼tisßetSrena¼ Ca{rsénRB¼matucäarbs´

RB¼manRB¼PaK ( RB¼Gg:m©as´mIgxagmata ) bYskñúgkalénxøÜn

Camnusßcas´ briePaKlaPsk;ar£ EdlekIteLIgkñúgRB¼BuT§-

sasna manragkayFMFat mancIvrEdlbuK:ldMTUeTA nigdM

RtLb´ehIy edayeRcInGg:úykñúg«bdæansala . PikçúGaKnþúk£

TaMgLaymk edIm,IRbeyaCn_nwgKalRB¼tfaKt eTAkansmñak

rbs´elakedaysm:al´fa ²en¼CaRB¼mhaefr£³ dUecñ¼ehIy

sYrdl´vtþ sYrdl´kic©KYreFVI manRcác´eCIgCaedIm . elak

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -83-

Gg:úyes¶óm .

RKaena¼ PikçúkMela¼mYyGg:sYrelakfa ²elakmanvsßa

bu¨nμan³ ? elakeqøIyfa ²minTanmanvsßaeT ¹RB¼kruNabYs

kñúgkalEdlxøÜnCamnusßcas³ eTIbeBalfa mñalGavuesa Gñk

CamnusßEdleKRbedAánedayRk Gñkmins:al´RbmaNrbs´

xøÜn/ GñkeXIjRB¼mhaefr£manRbmaNbu¨eNѼehIy mineFVIvtþ

sUm,IEtsamIcikm μ kalRB¼efr£TaMgena¼sYrdl´vtþedayeGIeBI

elakGg:úyes¶óm/ sUm,IRtwmEtkarreg:ós k¾minmandl´elak³

dUecñ¼ eTIbRbharnUvRmaméd . elakjúaMgxtþiyman¼[ekIteLIg

ehIysYrfa ²BYkelakmkkan´smñakGñkNa³ ? kalGaKnþúk-

PikçúTaMgena¼eqøIyfa ²mkkansmñakrbs´RB¼sasþa³ eTIbeBal

fa ²BYkelaks μanfa¹CanrNa ¹nwgkatPaBCasmN£rbs´

BYkelakecj[Tal´Etán³ dUecñ¼ehIy ekItTukç minsuxcitþ

yMedIreTAkansmñak´rbs´RB¼sasþa .

RB¼tisߣTUlerOgcMeBa¼RB¼sasþa

RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrelakfa ²mñaltisߣ eRBa¼

ehtuGVI eTIbGñkekItTukç GakGncitþ manmuxTTwkedayTwkEPñk

ERskyM mkkansmñak´rbs´tfaKt³ . cMENkPikçúTaMgena¼ ( KW

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mYy³ dUecñ¼ eTIbeTACamYynwgRB¼tisߣena¼Edr fVaybg:MRB¼-

sasþaehIy Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼tisߣena¼ Edl

RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrehIy ánRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn

PikçúTaMgen¼eCr¹RB¼Gg:³ .

s¿ mñaltisߣ etIGñkÉgGg:úyenATINa ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:Kgkñúg«bdæansala .

s¿ eBlEdlPikçúTaMgen¼mk GñkÉgáneXIjEdr¦eT ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:eXIj .

s¿ etIGñkáneRkakeLIgTTYlEdr¦eT ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mináneFVIeT .

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -85-

s¿ etIGñkÉgánsYredayeGIeBI dl´karTTYlbrikçarrbs´

PikçúTaMgena¼Edr¦eT ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minánsYredayeGIeBIeT .

s¿ GñkánsYredayeGIeBI dl´Fm μTMenom ¦Twkqan´Edr¦eT ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minánsYredayeGIeBIeT .

s¿ etIGñkÉgmannaMGasn£mkehIy eFVIkarRcáceCIg[

Edr¦eT ?

t¿ bBiRtRB¼d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mináneFVIeT .

RB¼tisߣminRBmsUmxmaeTasPikçúsgÇ

s¿ mñaltisߣ vtþTaMgBYgena¼ GñkKYreFVIdl´Pikçúcas´ .

kalEdlGñkmineFVIvtþTaMgBYgena¼ehIy Gg:úyenAkñúgvihar min

smKYreLIy/ eTasrbs´GñkÉgman . GñkÉgcUrsUmeTasPikçú

TaMgLayena¼cu¼ .

t¿ bBiRtRBGg:d¾ceRmIn PikçúTaMgen¼áneCr¹RB¼Gg: ¹RB¼Gg:

-86- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr

minsUmxmaeTaseT .

s¿ mñaltisߣ GñkkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy eTasrbs´

Gñkman GñkcUrsUmeTasPikçúTaMgena¼cu¼ .

t¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minRBmsUmeTasPikçú

TaMgen¼eT .

RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa kalPikçúTaMgLayRkabTUlfa ²bBiRt

RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼tisߣen¼CaGñkTUnμanánedaykRm³ dUecñ¼

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k¾RTgnaMerOgGtIt£mk .

buBVkmμrbsRB¼tisߣ

kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTBaraNsI esayraCsm,tþi

enAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI/ mantabsmñakeQ μa¼ eTvil enAkñúghim-

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yamTVarRB¼nKrRábfa ²kñúgeragnaysμÚnqñaMg elakm©as³ .

tabsena¼eTAkan´eragénsμÚnqñaMgehIy QreTobTVareBalfa

²ebIelakminF¶ncitþ ( mincegðótcgðl´citþ ) eT GatμasUmsRmak

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kñúgeragen¼minmaneT/ eragFM/ nimnþelakenAtamsb,aycu¼³

dUecñ¼ehIy k¾fVayeragdltabsena¼ .

kalelakcUleTAGg:úyehIy mantabsmYyGg:eTot

eQ μa¼ narT£ mkGMBIhimvnþRbeTsEdr ánsuMs μÚnqñaMgsMrak

-88- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr

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nimnþmkmunena¼ manesckþIsb,aynwgtabsGg:en¼Edr¦k¾Gt

eyIgmindwg/ eyIgnwgeda¼xøÜnecj³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbeBalfa

²ebItabsEdlcUleTAmunena¼eBjcitþ/ sUmelaksRmakenA

tamkareBjcitþéntabsGg:munena¼cu¼³ . narTtabscUleTA

rkeTviltabs ehIyeBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ebIelak

minF¶ncitþeT/ ¹sUmsRmakenAkñúgeragen¼mYyraRtIpg³ kaleT-

viltabseBalfa ²eragFM sUmelakcUleTAenAkñúgcMENkmYy

cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbcUleTAGg:úykñúgTImYy .

eTasénkaredkxuskEnøg

tabsTaMgBIrrUbena¼ niyayRáRs&yKña[ekItkarr\k

dl´KñanigKñaehIy/ kñúgevlaedk . narTtabskMNtTIedkén

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kalnwgedk minánedkkñúgTIkEnøgrbsxÜøneT ( RtLb´ ) mkedk

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -89-

TTwgRtgkNþalTVar . narTtabskalecjeTAkñúgraRtI án

CanRtgCdarbseTviltabs . kalelakeBalfa nrNa

CaneyIg ³ ? narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ¹ ³ .

T¿ En Cdilekag ehtudUcemþc eTIbelakCanCdarbs

eyIg .

n¿ bBiRtelakGacarü ¹mindwgfa elakGacarüedkTI

en¼ sUmelakGacarüGteTas[¹pg . kalelakkMBugrGU‘

rTaMena¼Ég narTtabsk¾ánecjeTAxageRkA eTviltabseRkA

en¼Kitfa ²tabsrUben¼ cUlmkvijnwgKb,ICaneyIgeTot³

dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbedkRtLb´k,aleTAcugeCIgvij .

cMENknarTtabs kalnwgcUleTAKitfa ²kalBIdMbUg

eyIgáneFVIxusehIycMeBa¼elakGacarü/ }LÚven¼ eyIgcUleTA

tamcMENkéncugeCIgrbs´elakvij³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾edIrcUleTA

ánCan´RtgkrbseTviltabs/ kalelakeBalfa ² nrNa

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hñwg³ ? eTIbeqøIyfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü ¹³ kalelakeBal

fa ²En Cdilekag kalBIdMbUgelakCan´RtgCdarbseyIg

}LÚven¼ CanRtgkrbs´eyIgeTot eyIgnwgdakpþasaelak³

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faelakGacarü edkyagen¼/ ¹KitdUecñ¼fa kalBIdMbUgeyIg

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rbs´elakvij dUecñ¼ sUmelakGt´eTas[¹pgcu¼ ³ .

tabsTaMgBIrnak´dak´pþasaKña

T¿ En Cdilekag eyIgnwgdakpþasaelak .

n¿ bBiRtelakGacarü elakkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy .

elakmineGIeBInwgBaküsmþIrbs´narTtabsena¼

enAEtcecsdakpþasanarTtabsena¼ ( edayKafafa ) ½

²RB¼GaTitümanrs μITaMgBan manetC£TaMgry man

RbRktIkm©atggwt/ lu¼RB¼GaTitür¼eLIgmkkñúgevla

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -91-

RBwk sUmk,alrbs´elakEbkecjCa 7 cMerok³ .

narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü eTasrbs¹

minman kal¹kMBugEteBal elakánpþasa . eTasrbs´

GñkNaman sUmk,alrbs´Gñkena¼Ebkcu¼/ rbs´GñkNaminman

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RBwk sUmk,alrbs´elakcUrEbkecjCa 7 cMENk³ .

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eRBa¼ehtuena¼ elakKitdUecñ¼fa ²etIbnþasanwgFøakeTAelInrNa

hñ+ ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾dwgfa nwgFøakeTAelIelakGacarü/

GaRs&yesckIþkruNacMeBa¼elakGacarü eTIbhamGruNkuM[

r¼eLIgedaykmøaMg¬T§i ³ .

RbCaCnekþARkhayrhUtdlRB¼raCa

GñknKr kalGruNminr¼eLIg k¾naMKñaeTAkanTVarRB¼raC

vaMg ehIyRkabTUlRB¼raCafa ²bBiRtRB¼sm μtieTB kalRB¼

Gg:RKb´RKgraCsm,tþi/ GruNminr¼eLIg sUmRB¼Gg: RTgemtþa

júaMgGruNr¼[eLIg edIm,I¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLaycu¼³ .

RB¼raCaRTgBicarNanUvcriyanuvtþi mankaykmμCaedIm

rbs´RB¼Gg: mineXIjnUvkm μEdlminsmKYrtictYcNa@ eLIy

eTIbRTgRB¼tRmi¼dUecñ¼fa ²etI manehtuGVIhñ+ ³ RTgreg:ósfa

²RákdCaBYkbBVCitvivaTKñaehIy ³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbRtas´sYrfa

²BYkbBVCit kñúgRB¼nKren¼manxø¼Edr¦eT³ ? kalmanGñkRkab

TUlfa bBiRtmharaC ²kalBIl¶acmßil manBYkbBVCitmkkan´

eragrbssμÚnqñaMg³ RB¼raCamanraCburskanKbePIøg esþceTA

kanTIena¼kñúgxN£ena¼Ég RTgfVaybg:MRB¼narTtabsehIy

RTgRbfab´enAkñúgTId¾smKYr ehIyRtas´sYrfa ½

²bBiRtRB¼narTtabs kargarTaMgLayénGñkCm<ÚTVIb

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -93-

rEmgRbRBwtþeTAminán/ elakekItggwtehIy eRBa¼

ehtuGVI ? elakEdl¹sYrehIy cUrRáb´nUvehtuena¼

dl¹³ .

narTtabs dMNalerOgTaMgGsfVayRB¼raCaehIy eBal

eTAkanRB¼raCafa ²fVayRB¼BrmharaC Gat μaPaB RtÚvtabs

rUben¼pþasaehIyedayehtuen¼ kalebIdUecñ¼ eTIbánpþasafa

²eTasrbs´¹minman/ BaküpþasacUrmandl´buK:lena¼cu¼³ lu¼

pþasaehIy eTIbKitfa ²etIeTasénkarpþasaen¼nwgmandlGñk

Nahñ+ ³ ? kalBicarNaeTAk¾eXIjfa ²kalRB¼GaTitür¼eLIg

k,alrbs´GacarünwgEbkCa 7 cMENk dUecñ¼ehIy GaRs&y

esckIþGnueRKa¼cMeBa¼elak eTIbGatμaPaBTb´GruNmin[r¼

eLIg .

RB¼raCaRtas´sYrfa bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn etIeFVIy¨agNa

eTA edIm,I[elakrYcputGMBIGnþrayEbben¼ .

-94- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr

n¿ RbsinebIelaksUmeTasGatμaPaB elaknwgrYcput

GMBIGnþray .

r¿ ebIdUecña¼ elakcUrsUmeTascu¼ .

T¿ Cdilena¼CanGatμaPaBRtgCda nigRtgk GatμaPaB

minRBmsUmeTasCdilekagen¼eT .

r¿ bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn sUmelakcUrsUmeTasnarT-

tabscu¼ elakkuMeFVIy¨agen¼eLIy .

eTviltabseBalfa ²GatμaPaB minRBmsUmeTaseT³

sUm,IRB¼raCaRtasfa ²ebIelakminsUmeTasnarTtabseT k,al

rbs´elaknwgEbkCa 7 cMerok³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾enAEtminRBm

sUmeTaseTot .

xN£ena¼ RB¼raCaRtas´nwgelakfa ²elakminRBmsUm

eTastamkareBjcitþrbs´xøÜn¦³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbbBa¢a[raC

burscab´eTviltabsena¼Rtg´éd/ RtgeCIg/ RtgeBa¼/ Rtgk[

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -95-

{ncu¼eTobáTmUl rbs´narTtabs .

narTtabseBalfa ²bBiRtGacarü GeBa¢IjeRkakeLIg

cu¼ ¹RBmGteTas[dl´elakehIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy eBaleTA

kanRB¼raCafa ²fVayRB¼BrmharaC tabsrUben¼ minánsUm

eTasGatμaPaBtamkareBjcitþeT/ manRs¼enAminq¶ayGMBITI

en¼ sUmmharaCbBa¢a[elakQrTUlduMdIsðit RtaMTwkenAkñúg

Rs¼ena¼Rtwmkcu¼ . RB¼raCak¾bBa¢a[eFVIy¨agena¼ . narTtabs

ehAeTviltabsmkehIy eBalfa ²bBiRtelakGacarü kal

Na¹RBElg¬T§i ehIyBnøWRB¼GaTitütaMgeLIg/ elakKb,ImuC

cu¼kñúgTwk ehIyeTAegIbeLIgTIdéTcu¼³ duMdIsðitelIk,alrbs

eTviltabsena¼ lu¼rs μIénRB¼GaTitüBal´RtÚvehIyk¾EbkCa

7 cMerok/ eTviltabsena¼k¾muCcu¼eTAkan´TIdéT .

eBormins¶bedaykarcgeBor

RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mkehIy án

RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay RB¼raCakñúgkalena¼ ánmk

CaGannÞkñúgkal }LÚven¼/ eTviltabsánmkCatisߣ/ narT-

tabsánmkCaeyIgtfaKten¼Ég/ sUm,Ikñúgkalena¼ tisߣ

en¼k¾CaGñkEdleKTUnμanánedaykRmy¨agen¼Edr³ dUecñ¼ehIy

bBa¢a[ehAtisßetSrmkehIy Rtas´fa ²mñaltisߣ ebIPikçúNa

Kitfa eyIgRtÚvGñkÉeNa¼eCr RtÚvGñkÉeNa¼Rbhar RtÚvGñkÉ

eNa¼Qñ¼/ GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcRTBürbseyIgeTAehIy/ dUecñ¼

eBorrbs´Pikçúena¼mins¶b´eLIy/ EtkalPikçúmincUleTAcgeBor

y¨agena¼Tuk eBorrEmgs¶b´eTAán/ dUecñ¼ehIy ánRTg´

PasitRB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½

3 Gekacäi mM GvFi mM GCini mM Ghasi em

ey c tM «bnyHnþi evrM etsM n smμti

Gekacäi mM GvFi mM GCini mM Ghasi em

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -97-

ey c tM nUbnyHnþi evrM etsUbsm μti .

ebIGñkNacUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFena¼Tukfa GñkÉeNa¼

áneCrGj GñkÉeNa¼ánRbharGj GñkÉeNa¼án

p©ajGj GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBürbs´GjeTA

ehIy ( dUecñ¼ ) eBorrbs´Gñkena¼ minrm¶ab´eLIy .

GñkÉeNa¼áneCrGj GñkÉeNa¼ánRbharGj GñkÉ

eNa¼ánp©ajGj GñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBürbs´

GjeTAehIy ebIGñkNamincUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFEbb

ena¼Tuk ( dUecñ¼ ) eBorrbs´Gñkena¼ eTIbs¶b´án .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa Gekacäi KWeCrehIy . bTfa

GvFi KWRbharehIy . bTfa GCini KWánQñ¼eyIgedaykar

GagsakßIekagxø¼ edaykareBalRbEkkxø¼ edaykareFVI[

éRkElgCagkareFVIxø¼ .

-98- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼tisßetSr

bTfa Ghasi KWGñkÉeNa¼ánlYcykRTBüTaMgLay

mansMBtCaedIm .

BIrbTfa ey c tM CaedIm esckIþfa CnBYkNamYy

KWeTvta ¦mnusß RKhsS ¦bBVCit cUleTAcgesckIþeRkaF

fa ²GñkÉeNa¼áneCreyIg³ dUcBYkGñkbrreT¼ cgnwménreT¼

edayemkMRBa nigdUcBYkGñkRbmajcgvtSú manRtIsðúyCaedIm

edayvtSúTaMgLay mans,ÚvPøaMgCaedImerOy@ . eBorrbsCn

TaMgena¼ekIteLIgehIy rEmgmins¶b´ KWfarEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´

eLIy .

áTénRB¼Kafafa ey c tM nUbnyHnþi esckIþfa Cn

TaMgLayNamincUleTAcgesckIþeRkaFEbbena¼Tuk KWmanBakü

eCrCaedIm ¦edaykarminr\kdl´ nigkarmineFVITukkñúgcitþxø¼ ¦

edayGMNackarBicarNaeXIjkmμyagen¼fa ²GñkNamYyEdl

faCaGñkminmaneTas sUm,Ielakk¾Føab´eCreK RbhareK Føab´

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -99-

GagsakßIekagQñ¼eK FøablYcykRBTürbsGñkdéTEdr eRBa¼

dUecña¼ eBlen¼sUm,IelakminmankMhus ehIyánTTYlpl

EdlminKYrRáfña manBaküeCrCaedIm vasmKYrnwgkm μEdlGñk

áneFVIehIy³ dUecñ¼xø¼/ eBorrbs´CnTaMgena¼ sUm,IekItehIy

edayesckIþRbmaT rEmgs¶b´eTAánedaykarmincgnUvesckþI

eRkaFTuk dUcePIøgéRBmanrMkacGs´ehIy dUecña¼ .

kñúgkalcb´eTsna PikçúmYyEsn ánseRmcGriypl

TaMgLay manesatabtþiplCaedIm . RB¼Fm μeTsnaánCa

kfamanRbeyaCn_dl´mhaCnyageRcIn . RB¼tisßetSr Edl

CamnusßRbedARkena¼ k¾køayeTACamnusßRbedAgay >�

( erOgRB¼tisߣ cb´ )

r o s

4 erOgkarekIteLIgénnagykçinI

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTg´RárB§®sþI

Garmñak Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ² n hi evern evrani ³

CaedIm .

matarkPriya[buRt

án|mkfa buRtkudum<Ik_mñak kalbitaeFVImrNkaleTA

ehIy eFVInUvkic©kargarTaMgBYg TaMgkargarERs TaMgkargarpÞ¼

edayxøÜnÉg ehIybdibtþimataedayeKarB . éf¶mYy ®sþIEdl

CamataánRáb´butþena¼fa ²En+kUn Em¨ nwgnaMnagkumarikamk[

ÉgehIyN+a³ .

bu¿ Em¨ kuMniyayy¨agen¼eLIy/ ¹nwgRbNibtþn_Em¨rhUt

Gs´mYyCIvit .

m¿ éh á kUnÉgEtmñakeFVInUvkargarERspg kic©kargar

-101- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

pÞ¼pg/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ Em¨minsb,aycitþeLIy/ Em¨nwgnaMnag

kumarikamk[Ég .

butþena¼ánham ( mata ) Gs´eRcIndg bu¨Enþ®sþIEdlCa

mþayena¼minyl´RBmk¾enAes¶óm mataena¼ecjGMBIpÞ¼ eTAkan

RtkUlmYy .

RKaena¼ buRtsYrmatafa ²Em¨eTAkan´RtkUlNa³ ? kal

mataRáb´fa ²nwgeTAkanRtkUleQμa¼ÉeNa¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾

hammin[eTAkanRtkUlena¼ ehIyRábmata[eTAkanRtkUl

EdlxøÜneBjcitþ . mataáneTAkanRtkUlena¼ dNwþgnag

kumarikakñúgRtkUlena¼ehIy kMNtéf¶ ( Gavah_vivah_ ) naMnag

kumarikaena¼mkkanpÞ¼rbs´xøÜn . nagkumarikaena¼ Ca®sþIman

BUC RtÚvkm μsmøab´ehIy KWCa®sþIGar .

RKaena¼ ®sþIEdlCamataánniyayeTAkanbutþfa ²éhá

kUnÉg[Em naMnagkumarikamktamkareBjcitþrbskUnÉgehIy

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -102-

}LÚven¼ nagkumarikaena¼Ca®sIGar/ k¾Fm μtaRtkUlEdlminman

buRt rEmgdacsUnü RbéBNIrEmgminCab´teTA eRBa¼ehtuena¼

Em¨nwgnaMnagkumarikadéTmk ( [kUnÉg )³ buRtena¼k¾eBal

hamfa ²kuMeLIyEm¨³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾áneBal ( y¨agena¼ )

erOy@ . ®sþIGarán|Baküena¼ k¾Kitfa ²Fm μtabuRtrEmgmin

GachamXatBakümatabitaán/ }LÚven¼mþayekμkrbs´Gj

KitnaM®sþIdéT EdlminEmnCa®sþIGarmkehIy nwgeRbIeyIgdUc

CaTasI/ ebIdUecña¼ eyIgKYrEtnaMnagkumarikamñakmkedayxøÜnÉg³

dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbeTAkanRtkUlmYy suMnagkumarikamkedIm,IRb-

eyaCn_dl´bursCasVamIrbs´xøÜn/ RtÚvBYkCnkñúgRtkUlena¼ham

fa nagkuMniyaydUecña¼eLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾GgVrfa ¹CaRsIGar

RtkUlEdlminmanbuRtrEmgvinas buRtIrbs´elakánbuRt

ehIynwgánCam©as´énRTBüsm,tþi/ sUmelakemtþaelIkbuRtI

ena¼[dl´sVamIrbs´¹cu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy júaMgRtkUlena¼[yl´

-103- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

RBmehIy k¾naMmk[eFVIPriyarbs´sVamIxøÜn .

eRkaymk RsIGarena¼mankarRti¼ri¼fa ²ebInagmanbuRt

¦buRtIesat nwgánCam©as´énRTBüsm,tþiEtmñakÉg/ dUecñ¼eyIg

KYrEteFVIy¨agNa kuM[nagmanTark³ .

RbBn§edImpßMfñaMTmøayKP’RbBn§cug

RKaena¼ RsIGark¾niyaynwgnagena¼fa ²KP’taMgeLIgkñúg

épÞrbs´nagkalNa sUmnagRáb´¹kñúgkalena¼³ . nagena¼

TTYlfa ²ca+³ kalKP’taMgeLIgehIy nagk¾ánRáb´dl´®sþI

Garena¼ . cMENkRsIGarena¼[bbr nigáydl´nagena¼Ca

nic© . xageRkaymk ánykfñaMsRmab´eFVIKP’[Føak laynwg

Gahar[dlnagena¼ . KP’k¾Føak ( rlUtkUn ) . kalKP’

taMgeLIgelIkTIBIr nagk¾ánRáb´RsIGarena¼eTot . sUm,I

RsIGarena¼k¾áneFVIKP’[Føakeday«áyy¨agena¼ÉgeTot .

RKaena¼ BYk®sþIEdlsñiT§sñalnwgKñaánsYrnagena¼ fa

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -104-

²®sþIrYmsVamIáneFVInUvesckþIGnþray[dl´nagxøø¼¦eT ? nagk¾

Ráb´erOgena¼dl´®sþITaMgena¼ RtÚv®sþITaMgena¼eBalfa ²®sþIGn§-

Bal ehtudUcemþc eTIbnageFVIy¨agena¼eTA ? RsIGaren¼ánpßM

fñaMsRmab´eFVIKP’[Føak[dl´nag eRBa¼xøacnagánCaFM eRBa¼

dUecña¼ eTIbKP’rbs´nagFøak/ nagándwgesckþIena¼ehIy³ kñúg

RKaTIbInagminánRáb´ . xageRkaymk RsIGareXIjépÞrbs´

nagena¼ehIyk¾sYrfa ²ehtudUcemþc eTIbnagminRáb´karEdl

nagmanKP’dl´¹³ nagena¼eBalfa ²nagnaM¹mkehIy eFVIKP’

[Føakdl´eTABIrdgehIy ¹nwgRáb´dl´nageFVIGVI ? eTIbKitfa

²}LÚven¼ eyIgvinasehIy³ rgcaMemIlkareFVsRbEhsrbs´

nagkumarikaena¼/ kalKP’cas´eBjeljehIy eTIbán{kas

ánpßMfñaM[ehIy KP’minFøak eRBa¼cas´Ex eTIbedkTTwg ( TVar )

evTnad¾xøaMgkøaekIteLIg . nagk¾søab´eTA .

munnwgsøab nagántaMgesckIþRáfñafa eyIgRtÚvnagen¼

-105- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eFVI[vinasehIy vaánnaMeyIgmk eFVITarkrbs´eyIg[vinas

dl 3 nakehIy }LÚven¼ eyIgk¾vinaseTot eyIgcuticak

GtþPaBen¼ehIy sUm[ánCaykçinIedIm,ITMBasuITarkrbs´va³

dUecñ¼ehIy søab´eTAekItCaqμakñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég . cMENksVamIcab

®sþIGarena¼ehIy eBalfa ²nagÉgáneFVIRtkUlrbseyIg[

dacsUnü³ dUecñ¼ehIy vayedayGvyv£TaMgLaymanduMéd nig

Cg:gCaedIm[manrbYsF¶n . ®sþIGarena¼søab´eRBa¼karvayena¼

Ég ehIyánekItCaem mankñúgpÞ¼ena¼Edr .

pøasbþÚrRbharKñamñak´mYyCatieday

GMNacénkarcgeBor

cMeNrkalminyUrbu¨nμan emmanánFøakBgeRcIn@Bg

emqμamksuIBgmanTaMgena¼Gs . sUm,IelIkTIBIr elIkTIbI vak¾

suIGs´Edr . kalCitnwggab´emmanena¼áneFVIesckIþRáfñafa

²vasuIBgrbs´eyIgGs´bIdgehIy }LÚven¼ vaánsuITaMgxøÜn

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -106-

eyIgeTot . eRkayGMBIgab´eTA sUm[eyIgánTMBasuIva nig

kUnrbsva³ dUecñ¼ehIy gab´GMBIemmanena¼ehIy ekItCaemxøa

dMbg . cMENkemqμaánmkekItCaemRmwK . kñúgevlaemRmwK

ena¼ekItkUn emxøadMbg k¾ánmksuIkUnRmwKTaMgLayGs´dl´

bIdg . kalCitnwgsøab´emRmwKáneFVIesckIþRáfñafa ²BYkkUn

rbs´eyIgRtÚvemxøadMbgen¼suIGs´dl´bIdgehIy }LÚven¼vasuI

TaMgxøÜneyIgpg . eyIgcuticakGtþPaBen¼ehIy Kb,IánsuIva

nigkUnrbsvacu¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy søab´eTAekItCanagykçinI cMENk

emxøadMbgcuticakGtþPaBena¼ehIy ánekItCakulFItakñúgRkúg

savtSI . nagmanv&yceRmInehIy áneTAkanRtkUlsVamIkñúg

RsúkEk,rTVar ( Rkúg ) kñúgkalxageRkaymk nagánRbsUt

buRtmñak . nagykçinI EkøgxøÜnCa®sþIsmøajEdlCaTIRsLaj

rbs´nagkulFItaena¼mkehIy sYrfa ²®sþICasmøajrbs´¹enA

TINa³ ? BYkGñkRsúkánRáb´fa ²nagRbsUtbutþenAxagkñúgbnÞb

-107- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

nagykçinIsþab´Baküena¼ehIy eBalfa ²smøajrbs´¹RbsUt

butþRbús ¦RsI ? ¹suMemIlekμgena¼bnþic³ eBaldUecñ¼ehIy cUl

eTAeFVIGakardUcCaemIl cab´TarksuIehIyk¾ecjeTA . sUm,Ikñúg

RKaTIBIrk¾suIeTot . kñúgRKaTIbInagkulFItamanKP’cas´ehIy k¾

ehAsVamImkRáb´fa ²bBiRtnay nagykçinImñaksuIbuRtrbs´

¹kñúgTIen¼Gs´BIrnakehIy/ }LÚven¼ ¹nwgeTAkan´pÞ¼énRtkUl

rbs´¹RbsUtbuRt³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾naMKñaeTAkanpÞ¼énRtkUlRbsUt

( buRtkñúgTIena¼ ) . kñúgkalena¼ ykçinIena¼dlevnCBa¢ÚnTwk .

eRBa¼fa nagykçinITaMgLay RtÚvdgTwkGMBIRs¼eQ μa¼Genattþ

TUlelIk,aledIrmkedIm,Iesþcevsßv&Ntamevn edayknøgeTA

4 Exxø¼ 5 Exøxø¼eTIbput ( GMBIevn ) . nagykçinIdéTmankarlMák

ehIydl´karGs´CIvitxø¼k¾man . cMENknagykçinIena¼ lu¼put

GMBIevnCBa¢ÚnTwkehIy k¾Rbjab´eTAkan´pÞ¼ena¼ sYrfa ²®sþIEdl

Casmøajrbs´¹enATINa³ ? BYkGñkRsúkRáb´fa ²nagnwgCYb

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -108-

®sþIena¼GMBITINaán ? nagykçinImñaksuITarkrbs´nagEdlRb-

sUtkñúgTIen¼/ eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbnageTAkanpÞ¼énRtkUl³ nag

ykçinIena¼Kitfa ²nageTAkanTINa@ k¾eday k¾minrYcputGMBI

eyIgánEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy edaykmøaMgéneBoreFVI[nagrtsemþA

eTAkanRkúgedayesckþIBüayam . cMENknagkulFIta kñúgéf¶

EdldakeQμa¼[Tarkena¼ nagk¾ángUtTwk[buRtehIy dak

eQ μa¼[rYcral´ehIy k¾eBalnwgsVamIfa ²bBiRtnay }LÚven¼

eyIgnaMKñaeTAkanpÞ¼rbs´eyIgvijcu¼³ bIbuRteFVIdMeNIreTACamYy

sVamI tampøÚvRbKl´buRt[dl´bursEdlCasVamIehIy cu¼gUt

TwkRs¼eákçrNIEk,rvtþ ehIyeLIgmkTTYlykbuRt kalsVamI

kMBuggUtTwk QrbMeÁeda¼buRt lu¼RkeLkeXIjnagykçinImk

caMán k¾ERskedaysMeLgxøaMg@fa ²bBiRtnay Rbjab´eLIg@

ykçinImkdl´ehIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy minGacQrrgcaMrhUtdl´sVamI

ena¼mkán k¾rtsemþAeTAkanvihar .

eBorminrm¶abedaykarcgeBor

eBorEtgrm¶abánedaykarmincgeBor

kñúgsm&yena¼ RB¼sasþakMBugEtsEmþgFm’’enAkNþal

bris&T nagkulFItaena¼ rteTAdl´ehIy [buRtedkelIxñg

RB¼áTrbs´RB¼tfaKtehIy RkabTUlfa ²buRten¼ ¹RB¼Gg:

fVaycMeBa¼RB¼Gg:ehIy sUmRB¼Gg:RbTanCIvitdl´buRtrbs´¹

RB¼Gg:cu¼ sumneTBEdlGaRs&yd¾B§exøagTVarminRBm[

ykçinIcUleTAxagkñúg . RB¼sasþaRtas´ehARB¼GannÞmkehIy

Rtas´fa ²mñalGannÞ GñkcUreTAehAykçinIena¼mk³ . RB¼efr£

ehAnagykçinIena¼mkehIy . nagkulFItaRkabTUlfa bBiRt

RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn nagykçinImkehIy . RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²nag

ykçinIcUrmkcu¼/ nagkuMERskeLIy³ . dUecñ¼ehIy ánRtas´

eTAkannagykçinIEdlmkQrenATIena¼fa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbnag

eFVIy¨agen¼ ? RbsinebIBYknagminmkkansmñakRB¼BuT§Rákd

dUcCatfaKteT eBorrbsBYknagnwgánCakm μtaMgenAGs´kb,

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -110-

dUceBorrbs´Bs´ nigs;ar/ xøaX μúM nigedImBRg Ekðk nigemom/

eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbBYknagcgeBorKñaG‘Ícwg ? eRBa¼eBorrm¶ab´án

edaykarmincgeBor minEmnrm¶ab´ánedayeBoreT³ dUecñ¼ehIy

ánRtasRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

4 n hi evern evrani smμnþIF kuTacnM

Gevern c sm μnþi És Fem μa snnþena .

BitEmn taMgBIkalNamk kñúgelaken¼ eBorTaMg-

Lay rEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´edaykarcgeBoreLIy

eBorTaMgLay Etgs¶b´rm¶ab´edaykarmincgeBor

Fm’’en¼manyUryaNas´mkehIy .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa n hi evern CaedIm esckIþfa

«bmafa buK:llagnUvTIEdlRbLakedayrbs´minsðat man

Twkmat nigsMeárCaedImedayrbs´minsðatTaMgena¼ rEmgmin

-111- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

GaceFVITIena¼[sðatbrisuT§átkøinsðúyáneLIy/ edayBit

TIena¼ RtLb´CaTIminsðat nigmankøinsðúyéRkElgCagedIm

yagNamij buK:lkaleCrtbbuK:lEdleCr RbhartbbuK:l

EdlRbhar rEmgminGacjúaMgeBor[s¶b´áneLIy/ edayBit

eKeQμa¼faeFVIeBorena¼Ég[éRkElgeLIg@ dUecña¼ sUm,Ikñúgkal

Na@ EdleQμa¼faeBorTaMgLay rEmgmins¶b´rm¶ab´áneday

karcgeBor/ edayBit eQμa¼farEmgceRmInEtmü¨ag edayRbkar

dUecñ¼ .

BIrbTfa Gevern c smμnþi esckIþfa «bmafa rbs´

minsðat manTwkmatCaedImena¼ EdlbuK:llagedayTwkføa

rEmgsðatbrisuT§án/ TIena¼rEmgCaTIsðat minmankøinsðúy

y¨agNamij eBorTaMgLayrEmgrm¶ab´ KWrEmgs¶b´ ándl´

rEmgdlkarminmanedaykarminmaneBor KWedayTwk KWxnþI nig

emtþa edaykareFVITukkñúgcitþeday«áyd¾RbéB nigedaykar

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -112-

BicarNadUecña¼ .

áTRB¼Kafafa És Femμa sunnþena esckIþfa Fm’’en¼

KWkars¶b´rm¶ab´eBoredaykarmincgeBor Carbs´cas´ KWCamaK’a

énRB¼BuT§ RB¼bec©kBuT§ nigRB¼xINaRsBTaMgLay Edl

elakeFVIdMeNIreTAehIy RKb´@ RB¼Gg: .

kñúgkalcb´RB¼Kafa nagykçinIena¼ taMgenAkñúgesata

btþipl . eTsnaánCakfa manRbeyaCn_sUm,Idl´bris&T

EdlmkRbCuMKñaTIena¼ .

nagykçinIdwgePøógeRcInePøógtic

RB¼sasþa ánRtas´eTAkan®sþIena¼fa ²nagcUrRKl´

buRtrbs´nagdl´nagykçinIcu¼ ³ .

s¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:xøac .

t¿ nagkuMxøaceLIy/ GnþrayrEmgminmandl´nageRBa¼

GaRs&ynagykçinIen¼eLIy .

-113- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

nagán[buRtdl´ykçinIena¼ehIy nagykçinIena¼k¾TTYl

Tarkena¼mk{befIbehIy RbKl´CUnnagkulFItavijehIy k¾

epþImyM RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrnagykçinIena¼fa ehtudUc

emþcánCanagyM .

nagykçinIena¼RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn BImun

¹RB¼Gg:ciBa©wmCIvitedaymineRCIserIspøÚv k¾enAEtminánGahar

eBjépÞ/ }LÚven¼ ¹RB¼Gg:nwgciBa©wmCIvitány¨agdUcemþc³ .

RKaena¼ RB¼sasþa RTglYgelamnagykçinIena¼fa ²nag

kuMRBÜyeLIy³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´eTAkannagkulFItafa ²nagcUr

naMnagykçinIeTAenAkñúgpÞ¼rbs´nag ehIycUrp:tp:gedaybbr nig

áyd¾fμIefμagTaMgLaycu¼³ ®sþIena¼naMnagykçinIeTAehIy [

sRmakenAkñúgeragt,al´ ánp:tp:gedaybbr nigáyfμIefμag

TaMgLay . kñúgevlabukRsÚv GERgRákddl´nagykçinIena¼

dUcRbharsirsa eTIbnagehAnagkulFItaEdlCasmøajmk

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -114-

ehIy niyayfa ²¹minGacenATIen¼án sUmnagcUr[¹sñak

enAkñúgTIdéTcu¼³ nagkulFItak¾[sñakenAkñúgTITaMgen¼ KWkñúgerag

GERg Ek,rBagTwk Ek,rc®g;an eRkamsMyabpÞ¼ elIKMnrsRmam

Ek,rTVarRsúk/ ( nag ) k¾eBalfa ²kñúgeragGERg GERgrEmg

RákddUcCaRbharsirsa¹/ Ek,rBagTwk BYkekμgrEmgcakTwk

EdlsleTAEk,rBagTwk/ Ek,rc®g;anen¼hVÚgsunxrEmgmkedk/

eRkamsMyabpÞ¼/ BYkekμgrEmgeFVInUvvtSúminsðat/ Ek,rKMnrsRmam

CnTaMgLayrEmgcaksRmam/ Ek,rekøagTVar ekμgGñkRsúk

rEmgelgEl,gxñac ²dUecñ¼ehIy ánhamTITaMgBYgena¼³ .

RKaena¼ nagkulFIta k¾[nagykçinIena¼sRmakenAkñúg

TId¾s¶at´xageRkARsúk ehIynaMePaCn manbbr nigáyCaedIm

d¾fμIefμageTAedIm,Ip:tp:gnagykçnIkñúgTIena¼ nagykçinIena¼Kit

y¨agen¼fa ²}LÚven¼ ®sþICasmøajrbs´eyIg man«bkar£

dl´eyIgeRcIn eyIgKYrEteFVIGVImYyedIm,Itbsñg sgKuNnag³

-115- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

dUecñ¼ehIy ánRáb´®sþIEdlCasmøajena¼fa ²kñúgqñaMen¼nwg

manePøógFøaklð/ nagcUreFVIsnÞÚgkñúgTITYlcu¼/ kñúgqñaMen¼ePøógBMulð

nagcUreFVInUvsnÞÚgkñúgTITMnab Etmüagcu¼ . RsÚvEdlBYkCnd¾

esseFVIehIy rEmgvinaseTAedayTwkxø¼ edayminmanTwkxø¼ .

cMENksnÞÚgrbsnagkulFItaena¼ rEmgbribUN’éRkElg .

nagykçinIcabepþImtaMgslakPtþ

RKaena¼ BYkCnTaMgLayd¾essnaMKñasYrnagkulFItafa

²En+nag snÞÚgEdlnageFVIehIy rEmgminvinasedayTwkéRkeBk

rEmgminvinasedayTwktic/ nagdwgnUvPav£énqñaMmanePøóglð nig

qñaMmanePøógminlðehIyeTIbeFVInUvkargar¦ ? nagRáb´fa ²nag

ykçinICasmøajrbs´¹Ráb´nUvPav£énqñaMman ePøóglð nigqñaMman

ePøógminlðdl´¹/ ¹eFVIsnÞÚgTaMgLaykñúgTITYl nigTITMnabtam

Bakürbs´ykçinIena¼/ eRBa¼ehtuena¼ eTIbsnÞÚgrbs´¹seRmc

ánbribUN’/ BYkGñkTaMgLaymineXIjnUvePaCnTaMgLay man

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgkarekIténnagykçinI -116-

bbr nigáyCaedImEdl¹[eKnaMeTAGMBIpÞ¼rbs´¹edIm,InagGs´

kalCanic©eT¦ ? vtSúTaMgLaymanbbr nigáyCaedImena¼ KW¹

naMeTAedIm,InagykçinIena¼ sUm,IGñkTaMgBYgk¾cUrnaMePaCnTaMg-

Laymanbbr nigáyd¾fμIefμagCaedImeTAedIm,InagykçinIena¼xø¼

cu¼ nagykçinIena¼ k¾nwgRbemIlemIlnUvkargarTaMgLay rbs´

eyIgral´Kña³ .

RKaena¼ BYkCnEdlenAkñúgRkúgTaMgmUl naMKñaeFVIsk;ar-

bUCadl´nagykçinIena¼/ cab´epþImGMBIena¼mk nagykçinIena¼ k¾

RbemIlemIlnUvkargarTaMgLayrbsCnTaMgBYg Ca®sþIdlehIy

nUvPav£CaGñkef;IgedaylaP Ca®sþImanbrivareRcIn .

kñúgkaltmk nagykçinIena¼ taMgepþImnUvslakPtþ 8

kEnøg . slakPtþena¼ CnTaMgLayánnaMKñaeFVIt@ mkdl´

sBVéf¶en¼ >�

( erOgkarekIténnagkaLIykçinI cb´ )

5 erOgPikçúekasm<I

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§BYkPikçú

ekasm<I Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²ber c n viCannþi ³ CaedIm .

RB¼vin&yFr nig RB¼FmμkfikRbEkkKñaerOgvin&y

esckIþBisþþarfa PikçúBIrrUb KWRB¼vin&yFrmYyrUb RB¼Fm μ-

kfikmYyrUb manbrivarmYyrUb @ 500 enAkñúgeXasitaram eTob

Rkúgekasm<I . éf¶mYy RB¼Fm μkfikcUlbg:n ehIybnßl´Twk

sRmab´CRm¼TukkñúgPaCn£CRm¼kñúgbnÞb´Twkena¼ ehIyk¾ecjmk

vij xageRkaymkRB¼vin&yFrcUleTAbnÞb´Twkena¼ eXIjTwk

ena¼ ecjmksYrRB¼Fm μkfikfa ²mñalGavuesa elakbnßl´

TwkTuk¦ ³ ?

Fm μ¿ kruNa elakd¾manGayu .

vi¿ elakmindwgfaCaGabtþi eRBa¼karbnßl´TwkTukeT¦ ?

-118- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

Fm μ¿ kruNa ¹mindwgeT .

vi¿ Gavuesa elakmindwgfaCaGabtþi edaykarbnßl´Twk

Tuken¼ k¾eNHIycu¼ .

Fm μ¿ ebIdUecña¼ ¹nwgsEmþgGabtþiena¼ecj .

vi¿ mñalGavuesa RbsinebIesckIþnu+¼elakminmancitþEkøg

eRBa¼karminmansti/ Gabtþiminman .

RB¼Fm μkfikena¼ ánCaGñkmankareXIjGabtþiena¼fa

minEmnGabtþi .

cMENkRB¼vin&yFránRáb´sisßrbs´xøÜnfa ²RB¼Fm μ-

kfikrUbena¼RtÚvGabtþiehIyk¾mindwgfaCaGabtþi³ . sisßrbs´

RB¼vin&yFrena¼ eXIjsisßrbs´RB¼Fm μkfikena¼ehIy án

eBalfa ²RB¼«bCÄay_rbs´BYkelaksUm,IRtÚvGabtþiehIy k¾min

dwgfaCaGabtþi³ . sisßrbs´Fm μkfikena¼eTARáb´«CÄay_rbs´

xøÜn . RB¼Fm μkfikena¼niyayy¨agen¼fa ²RB¼vin&yFrrUben¼ kal

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -119-

munniyayfa ²minCaGabtþi³ }LÚven¼niyayfaCaGabtþi³ RB¼-

vin&yFrrUbena¼niyaymusa³ sisßrbsRB¼Fmμkfikena¼niyay

fa ²RB¼«bCÄay_rbs´BYkelakniyaymusa³ . sisßrbs´RB¼

vin&yFr nigRB¼Fm μkfikena¼júaMgCemøa¼[ceRmInehIy eday

Rbkary¨agen¼ .

xageRkaymk RB¼vin&yFrán{kasehIy k¾áneFVI

«ekçbnIykm μdl´RB¼Fm μkfik eRBa¼eTasEdlmineXIjGabtþi

cab´BIeBlena¼mk sUm,IBYk«bdæakGñkfVaybc©&yrbsPikçúTaMg

BIrrUbena¼k¾ánEbkCaBIrBYk . BYkPikçúnIGñkTTYl{vaTkIþ BYk

GarkçeTvtakIþ rbs´PikçúTaMgBIrrUbena¼ BYkGakasdæeTvtaCamitþ

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mansMeLgKwkkgRbRBwtþeTAdUcKña ánmanrhUtdlGnidæRBhμ .

RB¼sasþaRtaseRbónRbedA[samKI:Kña

RKaena¼ PikçúmYyrUbcUleTAKal´RB¼tfaKt RkabTUldl

karEdlBYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþRbkanfa ²RB¼Fm μkfikrUben¼ sgÇ

elIkvtþehIyedaykm μEdlRbkbedayFm’’³ nigkarEdlBYkPikçú

GñkRbRBwtþtamFm μkfikEdlsgÇ elIkvtþehIyRbkanfa ²RB¼-

«bCÄay_rbs´BYkeyIg sgÇelIkvtþehIyedaykm μEdlmin

RbkbedayFm’³ nigkarEdlBYkPikçúGñkRbRBwtþtamRB¼Fm μkfik

EdlsgÇelIkvtþTaMgena¼ sUm,IEdlBYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþham

ehIy k¾enAEtcecsRtactamEhhmecameramRB¼Fm μkfikena¼

dEdl . RB¼manRB¼PaKbBa¢Ún{vaTeTAfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay

GñkTaMgLaycUrRBmeRBógKña³ Gs´var£BIrdg RTgRB¼sNþab´

fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn PikçúTaMgLayminRBmeRBógKñaeT³ kñúg

var£TIbI RTgRB¼sNþab´fa ²PikçúsgÇEbkKñaehIy³ dUecñ¼ eTIb

esþcyageTAkansmñakrbs´PikçúTaMgLay ehIyRtas´eTas

kñúgkarelIkvtþrbs´BYkPikçúGñkelIkvtþ nigeTaskñúgkarmin

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -121-

eXIjGabtþirbs´BYkPikçúeRkAen¼ ehIyRTgGnuBaØatsgÇkm μTaMg

Lay man«eásfCaedImkñúgsImaCamYyKña kñúgvtþeXasita-

ramena¼dl´PikçúTaMgLayeTot ehIyRTgbBaØtþvtþkñúgeragqanfa

²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLayKb,IGg:úyCaCYrelIGasn£

mYy@ Cacenøa¼@³ dUecñ¼CaedIm dl´PikçúTaMgLayGñkekItkarRb-

kYtRbkanKñakñúgTITaMgLay maneragqan CaedIm ehIyRTg´

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esckIþvinas/ BitNas sUm,IstVecobkb,asGaRs&ykar

eQøa¼KñaGaceFVI[esþcdMrIdl´karGs´CIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTg´

-122- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

Rtas´ldukikCatk* ehIyRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay Gñk

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ecobkb,asCaeRcInBan´GaRs&ykarvivaTKña ándl´karGs´

CIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´vdþkCatk* .

RtaseRbónRbedAbu¨nμank¾mineCO

sUm,IRB¼sm μasm<úT§ RTgTUn μaneRbónRbedAy¨agNak¾

eday PikçúTaMgena¼k¾minsþab´ kalPikçúEdlCa Fm μvaTImYyrUbmin

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bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUmRB¼manRB¼PaK RTgmankarxVl´

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cu¼ BYk¹RB¼Gg:nwgRákdeRBa¼karRbkYtRbkan kareQøa¼ kar

* xu¿ Ca¿ bBa©k¿ .

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -123-

RbkanExVgKMnitKña nigkarvivaTKñaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´

dMNaldl´karEdlRB¼áTTIXItiekaslraC RtÚvRB¼áT

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sEmþgehIyedayRbéBy¨agen¼ KYrCaGñkGtFn CaGñks¶b´

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eFVIPikçúTaMgLay[RBmeRBógKñaán .

RB¼sasþaRTg´GpßúkeTIbesþceKceTAcaMvsßa

enAkñúgéRBrkçitv&n

RB¼Gg:RTgGpßúkRB¼T&y eRBa¼karenARcbUkRcbl´ eTIb

RTgRB¼cinþafa ²karEdltfaKtenARcbUkRcblKñayagen¼ rEmg

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ebIdUecña¼ tfaKtKb,IeKcecjGMBIBYk eTAenAEtmYyRB¼Gg:Ég³

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BYkPikçúsgÇ RTgkanáRt nigcIvrrbs´RB¼Gg:esþcyageTA

BalkelaNkaramEtmYyRB¼Gg:Ég Rtas´Ékcarikvtþdl´

RB¼PK:úetSrkñúgBalkelaNkaramena¼ehIy Rtas´Ganisgßén

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ehIyesþcyageTAkanRsúkálielyük£ dUcánsþab´mk

RKaena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´GaRs&yRsúkálielyük£ esþc

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -125-

caMvsßaenAeRkamedImsalRBwkßFM kñúgdgéRBrkçitv&n EdldMrI

álielyük£«bdæakenACasux .

BYk«áskTUnμanPikçú

cMENkBYk«áskGñkenAkñúgRkúgekasm<Iena¼Ég eTAkan

viharmineXIjRB¼sasþa eTIbsYrfa ²RB¼sasþaesþcyageTA

Na elakm©as´³ ? PikçúTaMgena¼eBalfa ²esþceTAkandgéRB

álielyük£ehIy³ .

«¿ eRBa¼ehtuGVI elakm©as´ ?

P¿ RB¼Gg:RTgBüayamnwgeFVIBYkeyIg[RBmeRBógKña Et

BYkeyIg minánRBmeRBógKña .

«¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´TaMgLaybYs

kñúgsmñakrbs´RB¼sasþaehIy kalRB¼Gg:RTgsEmþgFm’[

samK:IKña/ minsamK:IKña¦ ?

PikçúTaMgLayeqøIyfa mñal«áskTaMgLay yagena¼

-126- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

Ég .

«ásk «ásikaTaMgena¼KitKñafa ²BYkPikçúTaMgen¼bYs

kñúgsmñakRB¼sasþaehIy/

kalRB¼Gg:RTgsEmþgFm’[samK:I Kña k¾minsamK:IKña

BYkeyIgmináneXIjRB¼sasþaeRBa¼Ga-Rs&yPikçúTaMgen¼/

BYkeyIgnwgminfVayGasn£ nwgmineFVIsamI cikm μ

mankarsMB¼CaedImdl´PikçúTaMgen¼³ cab´epIþmBIena¼mkk¾

mineFVIsUm,IRtwmEtsamIcikm μdl´PikçúTaMgena¼ . PikçúTaMgLay

s:aMgs:meRBa¼karmanGahartic/ edayBIrbIéf¶bu¨eNÑa¼k¾Camnusß

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sikaTaMgLay eyIgTaMgLayRBmeRBógKñaehIy/ cMENkBYk

elakcUrRbeKnbc©&y 4 dl´BYkeyIgdUckalmuncu¼³ .

«¿ elakm©as´TaMgLay sUm[RB¼sasþaGteTas[

ehIy¦ ?

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -127-

Pi¿ mñalGñkd¾manGayuTaMgLay eyIgTaMgLayminTan

sUm[RTgGteTas[enAeLIyeT .

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elakm©as´TaMgLaydUcBImuneTot kñúgkalNaEdlelak

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CakalenAkñúgvsßa júaMgkalxagkñúgvsßaena¼ [knøgeTA

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eBalTuky¨agNa ?

-128- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

RB¼Fm μsg:ahkacarüeBalTukfa ( RKaena¼ karRti¼ri¼án

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eyIgTMBasuInUves μATaMgLaymancugercpg/ ehIyBYkvargcaM

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -129-

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xøÜnkMNtTuk xN£ena¼ dakRbemaycu¼eTA dwgfaTwkekþAehIy

eTIbeTAfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa . RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñaláli-

elyük£ TwkÉgdaMehIy¦³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy esþcyageTARsg´

kñúgTIena¼ . kñúgkalena¼ esþcdMrIena¼naMEpøeQIepßg@ mkfVay

RB¼sasþa . k¾kalRB¼sasþaesþccUlkanRsúkedIm,IbiNÐát

esþcdMrI ena¼ykáRtcIvrdak´TukelIk,al tamRB¼sasþaeTA .

RB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´Ednrbs´GñkRsúkehIyRáb´fa ²mñal

álielyük£ taMgBITIen¼eTA ÉgminGaceTAáneT/ ÉgcUr[

áRt cIvrrbstfaKtmk³ dUecñ¼ehIy [esþcdMrIena¼ykáRt

-130- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

nigcIvrena¼mkfVay ehIyesþccUlkanRsúkedIm,IbiNÐát .

cMENkesþcdMrIena¼ QrenATIena¼ÉgrhUtTal´EtRB¼sasþa

esþcecjmk kñúgevlaEdlRB¼sasþaesþcecjmk k¾eFVIkar

TTYl ehIykanáRt cIvredayn&ydUcmun ( naMeTA ) dakenA

kñúgTIRbfab´ ehIybkedaysøwkeQIfVayRB¼sasþa . kñúgraRtI

esþcdMrIena¼kankMNateQIFM edayRbemay edIreTAkñúgcenøa¼ @

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ekItmanBIRmwKkac edaytaMgcitþfa ²nwgrkßaRB¼sasþa³ án|

fa éRBena¼maneQμa¼fa rkçitvnsNУ cab´taMgGMBIkalena¼

mk . lu¼GruNr¼eLIg esþcdMrIena¼eFVIvtþTaMgBYgeday«áy

dUcmunena¼Ég KWmankarfVayTwksRmab´lagRB¼P®kþCaedIm .

sVafVaysMbukXμMú

kñúgkalena¼ sVamYy eXIjdMrIena¼eRkakeLIgehIy@

eFVIGPismacarikvtþ ( KWkarbdibtþi ) cMeBa¼RB¼tfaKtehIy Kitfa

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -131-

²eyIgk¾KYrEteFVIGVImYyfVayRB¼sasþaEdr³ éf¶mYyeXIjsMbuk

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XμúMRBmTaMgEmkeQIeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa ánkiþcsøwkeck

RTab´ehIy fVayRB¼sasþa . RB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIy/ Banr

RkeLkemIledayKitfa ²etIRB¼sasþaRTgesayEdr¦eT³ ?

eXIjRB¼sasþaRTgTTYlehIyKges¶óm Kitfa ²manehtuGVI

hñ+³ eTIbcabcugEmkeQIRtLb´emIl eXIjkUnX μúMehIy eTIb

cab´kUnX μúMTaMgena¼Rsal @ naMecjehIy k¾ánfVaysaCafμI .

RB¼sasþak¾RTgesay . sVaena¼mancitþeRtkGr áncab´Emk

eQIn+u¼@ QrraM kñúgkalena¼ EmkeQIEdlsVaena¼cab´kIþ Emk

eQIEdlsVaena¼CankþI k¾ákeTA . sVaena¼Føakcu¼eTAbuknwgKl´

eQIk¾gab´eTA edayGMNacesckþIRC¼føa k¾eTAbdisn§ikñúgviman

maskMBs´ 30 eyaCn_ kñúgzantavtþigß mannageTBGbßr

1000 Cabrivar .

esþcdMrIseg;temIlvtþrbsRB¼GannÞ

karEdlRB¼tfaKt EdlesþcdMrI«bdæak RTgKgenAkñúg

dgéRBeQ μa¼rkçitv&nena¼ ánRákdkñúgCm<ÚTVIbTaMgmUl . RtkUl

FM@ KWGnafbiNÐikesdæI nignagvisaxamha«ásikaCaedIm

ánbBa¢ÚndMNwgeTARbeKnRB¼GannÞfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾cMerIn

sUmelakm©as´cUrsEmþgRB¼sasþadl´BYk¹m©as´³ . cMENk

Pikçú 500 rUb EdlenAcaMvsßakñúgTis ecjvsßaehIy cUleTA

rkRB¼GannÞetSrGgVrfa ²GannÞd¾manGayu Fm μkfakñúgTIcMeBa¼

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sþab´Fm μIkfa kñúgTIcMeBa¼RB¼P®kþRB¼manRB¼PaKcu¼³ . RB¼efr£

naMPikçúTaMgena¼eTAkan´TIena¼ehIy Kitfa ²karcUleTAkansmñak

RB¼tfaKt EdlesþcKgenAEtmYyRB¼Gg:ÉgGséRtmas RBm

CamYyPikçúmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼminsmKYreT³ . dUecñ¼ehIy eTIb

bBaÄb´PikçúTaMgena¼TukxageRkA ehIycUleTAKal´RB¼sasþaEt

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -133-

mñakÉgbu¨eNÑa¼ . esþcdMrIálielyük£ eXIjRB¼GannÞetSr

ena¼ehIy kankMNateQIedjRB¼GannÞ . RB¼sasþaTt

eXIjehIy Rtas´fa ²mñalálielyük£ GñkecosecjeTA

kuMhamPikçúena¼eLIy/ eRBa¼Pikçúena¼CaBuT§úb,dæak³ . dMrIáli-

elyük£ena¼ eá¼kMNateQIecal ehIymanbMNgnwgTTYl

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RB¼sasþaeLIy³ . RB¼efr£ándak´áRt nigcIvrelIEpndI .

minánsmøaj´EdlmanbBaØaRtac´eTA

Etmñak´ÉgRbesIrCag

BitNas´ CnGñkdl´RBmehIyedayvtþ rEmgmindak

brikçarrbs´xøÜnelITIGg:úy ¦elITIedkrbs´RKÜ . esþcdMrIena¼

eXIjGakarena¼ehIy k¾mancitþRC¼føa . RB¼efr£GPivaTRB¼

-134- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

sasþaehIy Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼sasþaRtas´sYr

fa ²mñalGannÞ GñkmkEtmñakÉgeT¦³ ? RB¼GannÞRkabTUlRB¼

sasþafa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:mkCamYynwgPikçú 500

rUb eBlena¼ RB¼sasþaRtas´sYrRB¼GannÞfa ²PikçúTaMgena¼enA

TINa³ ? RB¼efr£RkabTUlfa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ²¹RB¼Gg:

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bBa¢arbsRB¼sasþa . PikçúTaMgena¼mkfVaybg:MRB¼sasþaehIy

Gg:úykñúgTId¾smKYrmYy . RB¼sasþaRTgeFVIbdisNæar£nwgPikçú

TaMgLay . kalPikçúTaMgena¼TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn

RB¼manRB¼PaKCaRB¼BuT§d¾suxum nigCakßRtd¾suxum RB¼Gg:Rb-

fab´Qr nigRbfab´KgEtmYyRB¼Gg:ÉgGs´éRtmas eFVIkic©

EdleKeFVIánedaylMák/ GñkeFVIvtþFM nigvtþtUc GñkfVayTwk

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -135-

lagRB¼P®kþkIþ RbEhlCaminmanehIyemIleTA³ RB¼sasþa

Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay kic©TaMgBYgrbs´tfaKt dMrI

álielyük£CaGñkeFVI . k¾buK:lGñkánsmøajEbben¼enACa

mYyCakarRbesIr/ kalebIminánsmøaj ( Ebben¼ ) KYrRtac

eTAEtmñakÉgvijRbesIrCag³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit 3 Kafa

kñúgnaKvK:fa ½

ebIbuK:lánsmøaj EdlmanRáCJaCaeRKÓgrkßaxøÜn

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[seRmc CaGñkRtaceTACamYy KYrCaGñkmancitþ

eRtkGr mans μartI RKbsg;tesckIþGnþrayTaMgBYg

ehIyRtaceTACamYynwgsmøajena¼Ég . ebIEsVgrk

minánsmøaj EdlmanRáCJaCaeRKÓgrkßaxøÜn man

RáCJacgcaM manKuNFm’’CaeRKÓgjúaMgRbeyaCn_[

seRmc CaGñkRtaceTACamYyeT KYrRtaceTAEtmñak

-136- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

Égvij dUcRB¼raCal¼bg´rdæ EdlRTgQñ¼ehIy

esþceTAEtmYyRB¼Gg: BuMena¼esat dUcdMrIeQμa¼matg:£

Edll¼bghVÚgRtaceTAEtmñakÉgkñúgéRB dUecña¼Edr .

karRtaceTArbs´buK:lEtÉkÉg CaKuNCatiRbesIr

bMput ( eRBa¼fa ) shaytaKuN rEmgminmankñúg

buK:lBaleLIy buK:lena¼Kb,ICaGñkminmanesckþI

xVl´xVay RtaceTAEtmñakÉg ehIyminKb,IeFVIGMeBIáb

TaMgLay dUcdMrIeQ μa¼matg:£ CastVminmanesckþI

xVl´xVay l¼bghVÚg RtaceTAEtÉkÉgkñúgéRBdUecña¼Edr .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúTaMg 500 rUbena¼ ántaMgenAkñúg

RB¼Grhtþ RB¼GannÞetSrRkabTUlsasn_EdlRtkUlFM@ man

GnafbiNÐikesdæICaedImepJImkehIy RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn Griysavk 5 ekadi manGnafbiNÐikesdæICaRbFan

sgÇwmkaresþcyagmkrbs´RB¼Gg:³ RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²ebI

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -137-

dUecña¼GñkcUrTTYláRtcIvr³ dUecñ¼ehIy [RB¼efr£TTYláRt

cIvrehIyesþcyagecjeTA . esþcdMrIáneTAQrraMgpøÚv . Pikçú

TaMgLayeXIjdUecña¼ TUlsYrRB¼manRB¼PaKfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn esþcdMrIeFVIGVI³ ? RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay

dMrIRáfñanwgfVayPikçadl´GñkTaMgLay/ k¾dMrIen¼ áneFVI«bkar£

cMeBa¼tfaKtGsraRtIyUr/ karjúaMgcitþdMrIen¼[kkrlðkmin

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PikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaycUrRtLb´vijcu¼³.

cMENkdMrIcUleTAkandgéRBehIy RbmUlEpøeQIepßg@

manEpøxñúr nigeckCaedImmkeFVI[CaKMnr/ éf¶EsðkeLIg án

ykEpøøeQITaMgLayRbeKnPikçúTaMgena¼ . PikçúTaMg 500 rUbena¼

qanEpøEdldMrInaMmkRbeKnminGs . kñúgkaleRscPtþkic© RB¼

sasþaRTgkanáRt nigcIvresþcyagecjeTA . esþcdMrIeTA

tamcenøa¼@ énPikçúTaMgLay QrsÞakRB¼P®kþRB¼sasþa . Pikçú

-138- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

TaMgLayeXIjdUecña¼ TUlsYrRB¼manRB¼PaKfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn dMrIen¼eFVIGVI ³ ?

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay dMrIen¼nwgbBa¢ÚnBYkGñkeTAehIy

bbYl[ tfaKtRtLb´vij .

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg: y¨agena¼BitEmn¦ ?

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼ehIy .

dMrIsøabeTAekItCaeTvbuRt

RKaena¼ RB¼sasþaRtasnwgdMrIena¼fa ²mñalálielyük£

en¼KWCakareTAminvilRtLb´rbs´tfaKt/ QankIþ/ vibsßnakIþ/

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Qb´enATIen¼cu¼³ dMrIánsþab´BaküdUecña¼ehIy áns‘kRbemay

cUleTAkñúgmat ERskyM edIrtameTAxageRkay@ . RbsinebI

esþcdMrIena¼nimnþRB¼sasþa[RtLb´viján rEmgbdibtþieday

Gakary¨agn+u¼ÉgrhUtGs´CIvit . cMENkRB¼sasþa esþcyag

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -139-

dl´RBMEdnRsúkehIy k¾Rtas´fa ²mñalálielyük£ cab´BI

en¼eTA minEmnCaTIkEnøgrbsÉgeT/ CaTIlMenArbs´BYkmnusß .

manGnþrayedayCuMvij/ ÉgcUrQb´cu¼³ dMrIena¼QryMenAkñúgTI

ena¼/ lu¼RB¼sasþaRTgl¼bgKnøgckçúeTA/ eb¼dUgrbsdMrIena¼

k¾Ebk . eFVIkalkiriyaehIy ekItkñúgkñúgvimanmaskMBs´ 30

eyaCn_nazantavtþigß mannageTBGbßr 1000 Cabrivar eRBa¼

esckIþRC¼føakñúgRB¼sasþa maneQμa¼fa ²álielyükeTvbuRt³ .

cMENkRB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´vtþeCtBnehIyedaylMdab .

PikçúRkúgekasm<ITUlsUmxmaeTasRB¼sasþa

PikçúRkúgekasm<Idwgfa ²RB¼sasþaesþcyagdl´Rkúgsa-

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sasþa . RB¼áTekaslRTgRB¼sNþabfa ²BYkPikçúRkúgekasm<I

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LaymkedIm,IsUmxmaeTastfaKt bBiRtmharaC [PikçúTaMg

ena¼cUlmkcu¼³ .

cMENkGnafbiNÐikesdæITUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn

¹RB¼Gg:nwgminRBm[PikçúTaMgena¼ cUlmkkanviharrbs´¹RB¼

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ánenAes¶óm . k¾kalPikçúTaMgena¼ dlRkúgsavtSIedaylMdabehIy/

RB¼manRB¼PaK RTg[RbTanesnasn£kñúgTId¾smKYrmYy eFVI

[CaTIs¶atdl´elakTaMgLay . PikçúBYkdéTminGg:úy minQr

rYmnwgPikçúTaMgena¼ .

BYkCnGñkmkehIy@TUlsYrRB¼sasþafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn PikçúBYkNa CaPikçúRkúgekasm<I EdlCaGñkbg;rkar

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -141-

vivaTKñaena¼³ ? RB¼sasþaRTgsEmþgfa ²BYkena¼³ . PikçúRkúg

ekasm<ITaMgena¼ RtÚvBYkCnGñkmkehIy @ cgðúlfa ²nu+¼BYkPikçú

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xμas sMyugkdakmuxcu¼eTobáTmUlénRB¼manRB¼PaK TUl

sUmxmaeTasRB¼manRB¼PaK .

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay

áneFVIkm μd¾F¶nehIy/ GñkTaMgLaysUm,IbYsehIykñúgsmñak

rbs´RB¼BuT§RákddUctfaKt/

kaltfaKtsEmþgFm’[samKI: KñamineFVI ( tam )

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nigbitaEdlCaGñkRtÚvRbharCIvit/ kalmata

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Kafaen¼fa ½

5 ber c n viCannþi myemtS ymames

ey c ttS viCannþi teta sm μnþi emFKa .

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en¼dUecñ¼eLIy cMENkCnTaMgLayNa kñúgBYk

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xu¿ Ca¿ bBa©k¿ .

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -143-

énBYken¼ dUecñ¼kareQøa¼RbEkkTaMgLay rEmg

rm¶ab´BICnTaMgena¼ .

GFib,ayKafa

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LayNa EdlCabNÐitkñúgBYkena¼ rEmgdwgxøÜnfa ²eyIgTaMg

Lay rEmgcUleTAkanTICiténmc©ú ³ .

áTRB¼Kafafa teta smμnþi emFKa esckIþfa CnTaMg

ena¼dwgy¨agen¼ehIy eFVITukkñúgcitþedayRbéBehIy rEmgbdi-

btþiedIm,Is¶b´karBüayam KWkareQøa¼RbEkkKña/ kalebIdUecña¼

-144- Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

kareQøa¼RbEkkKñaTaMgena¼ rEmgs¶b´ eRBa¼karbdibtþirbs´

bNÐitTaMgena¼ .

mü¨ageTot Kb,IRCabkarGFib,aykñúgRB¼Kafaen¼ y¨ag

en¼fa ber c CaedIm esckIþfa CnTaMgLaysUm,IEdleyIg

( tfaKt ) eBaleRbónRbedAfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay

kuMeQøa¼RbEkkKñaeLIy³ dUecñ¼CaedIm kñúgkalmunk¾minsþab

eRBa¼minTTYl{vaTrbs´tfaKt eQμa¼fa CnBYkdéT . BYkCn

déTena¼rEmgmindwgxøÜnfa ²eyIgTaMgLayRbkanxus eday

GMNacGKti manqnÞaKtiCaedIm rEmgvinas ándl´ Büayam

edIm,IjúaMgkarceRmInénehtuEdleFVIesckIþvinas mankareQøa¼

RbEkkKñaCaedImkñúgkNþalCMnuMsgdz . Et}LÚven¼ bursCa

bNÐitTaMgLayNa kñúgrvagénelakTaMgLayena¼ BicarNa

dwgc,as´fa kalmuneyIgTaMgLayBüayamedayGMNacGKti

manqnÞaKtiCaedIm bdibtþiedayminRbéB/ BüayameQøa¼RbEkk

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgPikçúekasm<I -145-

Kña }LÚven¼ kareQøa¼RbEkkKñaTaMgen¼ rEmgs¶b´GMBIsmñak

bNÐitTaMgLayena¼@ KWeRBa¼GaRs&ybursEdlCabNÐitTaMg

Layena¼ .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúEdlRbCuMKñaena¼ ántaMgenAkñúg

GriyplTaMgLay manesatabtþiCaedIm dUecñ¼Ég >�

( erOgPikçúPikçúRkúgekasm<I cb´ )

r o s

6 erOgculøkal nig mhakal

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalesþccUleTAGaRs&yestBünKr RTg´

KgenAkñúgéRBFñg RTgRárB§culøkal nigmhakal Rtas´Fm μ-

eTsnaen¼fa ²suPanubsßw vihrnþM ³ CaedIm .

esckIþBisþarfa kudum<Ik_GñkRsúkestBünKr 3 nakbg

bðÚn KWculøkal 1 mCÄimkal 1 mhakal 1 . bNþabgbðÚn

TaMg 3 nakena¼ bgRbúsc,g nigbðÚnRbúseBA RtaceTAkñúgTis

TaMgLaynaMTMnijmkedayreT¼ 500 . mCÄimkallkTMnij

Edlbg nigbðÚnnaMmk .

xageRkaymk sm&ymYy bgbðÚnTaMgBIrena¼pÞúkTMnij

epßg@ edayreT¼ 500 eTAkanRkúgsavtSI eda¼reT¼TaMgLay

kñúgcenøa¼RkúgsavtSI nigvtþeCtBn .

mhakalsþabFm’’ehIylabðÚnRbúseTAbYs

bNþabgbðÚnBIrnakena¼ mhakaleXIjGriysavk

TaMgLayGñkRkúgsavtSI manédkankRmgp;a nigeRKÓgRkGUbCa

edImedIm,IeTAsþab´Fm’’kñúgevlal¶ac eTIbsYrfa ²CnTaMgena¼eTA

Nahñ+³ ? ánsþab´esckIþena¼ehIyKitfa ²sUm,IeyIgk¾nwgeTA

Edr³ ehAbðÚnRbúsmkehIy Rábfa ²éhá ÉgcUrCaGñkminRbmaT

kñúgreT¼TaMgLay/ cMENkbgnwgeTAsþab´Fm’’³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTA

fVaybg:MRB¼tfaKt Gg:úyenATIbMputénbris&TTaMgLay .

éf¶ena¼ RB¼sasþa kalnwgRtas´GnubuBVIkfatamGFüa-

Rs&yrbsmhakalena¼ eTIbRtas´eTas nigkaresAhμgrbs´

kamTaMgLayedaybriyayCaeRcIn edayGMNacénsURt man

Tukçkçn§sURtCaedIm . mhakalánsþab´Fm μeTsnaena¼ehIy

k¾Kitfa ²mnusßyIgcaMácRtÚvl¼bgvtSúTaMgBYgehIyeTA/ ePaK£

( nig ) jatiTaMgLay rEmgminCab´tambuK:lGñkeTAkanbrelak

eLIy/ eyIgnwgRtÚvkarGVIedaykarenARKb´RKgpÞ¼ eyIgnwgbYs³

-148- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

kalmhaCnTaMgLayfVaybg:MehIyecosecjeTA TUlsUm

bBVC¢anwgRB¼sasþa kalRB¼sasþaRtas´sYrfa ²GñkdéTEdl

GñkKYrlaminmaneT¦³ ? TUlfa ²bðÚnRbúsrbs´¹RB¼Gg:man³

kalRB¼Gg:Rtas´fa ²ebIdUecña¼ GñkcUreTAlaeKcu¼³ TTYlfa

²RbéBehIy RB¼Gg:³ RtLb´mkRáb´bðÚnRbúsdUecñ¼fa ²mñalbðÚn

Rbús bðÚnÉgcUrRKb´RKgsm,tþiTaMgGs´en¼cu¼³ .

c¿ k¾bgÉgdUcemþcEdr ?

m¿ bgnwgbYskñúgsmñakRB¼sasþa . eKGgVrbgRbús

ena¼edayRbkarepßg@ k¾minGac[RtLb´viján/ eTIbeBal

fa ²lðehIybg sUmbgeFVItamGFüaRs&ycu¼³ . mhakaleTA

bYskñúgsmñakRB¼sasþa . cMENkculøkalk¾ ( eTA ) bYs

edaytaMgcitþfa ²eyIgnwgbbYlbgRbús[swk³ .

RB¼mhakalbMeBjesasanikFutg:

kñúgkalxageRkaymk mhakalán«bsm,TaehIy

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -149-

cUleTAKal´RB¼sasþa TUlsYrdl´Fur£kñúgRB¼sasna/ kal

RB¼sasþaRtas´Ráb´Fur£BIry¨agehIy/ TUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾

ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:minGacbMeBjKnSFur£áneT eRBa¼¹RB¼Gg:

bYskñúgkalEdlxøÜnCamnusßcas´/ bu¨EnþnwgbMeBjvibsßnaFur£

[bribUN’³ TUlsUmRB¼Gg:[Rtas´Ráb´esasanikFutg:rhUt

dl´RB¼Grhtþ/ lu¼knøgbzmyam kalmhaCnedklkGs´

RKb´KñaehIy/ eTAkanéRBs μsanevlaeTobPWø kalCnTaMgGs´

enAminTaneRkakeLIg ( PJak ) enAeLIyRtLb´mkkanviharvij .

rebobGñkenAkñúgéRBsμsan

RKaena¼ ®sþIGñkrksuIerobcMexμacmñakeQ μa¼kaLI Gñkyam

éRBs μsaneXIjTIQr TIGg:úy nigTIc®g;mrbs´RB¼efr£ Kitfa

²nrNahñ+ mkkanTIen¼ ? eyIgnwgrgcaMcab´xøÜn³ kalminGac

cab´án/ éf¶mYy eTIbdutRbTIbTukkñúgxÞmCitéRBs μsan naMbuRt

FItaeTABYncaMemIlenAkñúgTIkEnøgmYy eXIjRB¼efr£edIrmkkñúg

-150- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

mCÄimyam eTIbeTAfVaybg:M ehIyniyayfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´

d¾ceRmIn elakm©as´sñakenAkñúgTIkEnøgrbs´BYk¹en¼¦ ?

f¿ Br «ásika .

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaGñkenAkñúgéRBs μ-

sanTaMgLayeronrebob ( mun ) eTIbsmKYr .

RB¼efr£mineBalfa ²GatμaPaBnwgRbRBwtþtamrebobEdl

nagRáb´ehIydUcemþceTA³ ? RtLb´eBalfa ²mñal«ásika

eFVIy¨agNaeTA eTIbKYr³ ?

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaGñkenAkñúgéRBs μ-

sanTaMgLay KYrRáb´GñkyaméRBs μsan RB¼mhaefr£kñúg

vihar nigemRsúkCamunsin .

f¿ eRBa¼ehtuGVI ?

s¿ eRBa¼BYkecareFVIkm μehIyRtÚvBYkm©as ( RTBü ) edj

tamsñameCIgeTA k¾eá¼kBa©b´PNУTukkñúgéRBs μsan ehIy

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -151-

ecosecjeTA kalebIdUecña¼ BYkmnusßk¾ ( ecameram ) eFVIGnþ-

raydl´mnusßGñkenAkñúgéRBs μsan bu¨EnþkalánRáb´Gñk

EdlmantYnaTITaMgena¼ehIy GñkTaMgGs´ena¼ rEmgCYykarBar

Gnþrayán edayeBalG¼Gagfa ²BYk¹sUmFanafa elak

m©as´d¾ceRmInen¼ CaGñkenAéRBBitEmn elakminEmnCaecareT

eRBa¼ehtuena¼ caMácRtÚvRáb´GñkTaMgGs´ena¼ .

f¿ etImankic©GVIdéTeToteT EdlGatμaPaBRtÚveFVI ?

s¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn Fm μtaelakm©as´EdlCa

GñkenAkñúgéRBs μsan caMácevorvtSúTaMgLayman RtI sac emßA

l¶ nigs;rGMeBACaedIm/ minKYrswgeBléf¶ minKYrCaGñkx¢il

RcGUs KYrRárB§esckIþBüayam/ minCaGñkGYtGag minCaGñk

eákRás CaGñkmanGFüaRs&ylð eBlybkalCnTaMgLay

edklkGsehIy Kb,IecjcakviharmkkanéRBsμsan/ evla

eTobPWø kalBYkCnRKb´KñaenAminTaneRkak ( PJakBIedk ) Kb,I

-152- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

mkkanviharvij/ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn ebIelakm©as´enA

kñúgTIen¼ edayGakaryagen¼ena¼ nwgGacjúaMgkic©rbs´bBVCit

[dl´TIbMpután/ ebIBYkCnnaMsaksBmkeá¼ecal/ nag¹nwg

elIkeLIgkanpÞ¼kMBUl EdlRkaledaysMBtkm<leFVIsk;ar-

bUCaedayvtSúTaMgLay maneRKÓgRkGUb nigkRmgp;aeQICaedIm

ehIyeFVIkardutsaksB/ RbsinebIelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn enAmin

TanGacjúaMgkic©rbsbBVCit[dlTIbMputánena¼ nag¹nwgelIk

eLIgkaneCIgf; ehIybg;atePIøgdut ykTMBkTaj ( saksB )

ecjmkdakxageRkA ci®Ba©aMedayBUefA Bnø¼[CakMNattUc

kMNatFM ehIydakkñúgePIøg sEmþgdl ( elakm©as´d¾ceRmIn )

ehIyeTIbdut .

eBlena¼RB¼efr£eBalnwgnagkaLIena¼fa ²lðehIynag

d¾ceRmIn k¾nageXIjrUárm μN_NamYyehIy cUrRáb´GatμaPaB

cu¼³ nagkaLITTYlfa ²RB¼kruNaelakm©as³ RB¼efr£eFVIsmN-

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -153-

Fm’’enAkñúgéRBs μsantamGFüaRs&yrbsxøÜn .

RB¼culøkalGpßúk

cMENkRB¼culøkaletSredkeRkak@ nwkdlXravas dl

buRt nigPriya ehIyKitfa ²bgRbúsrbseyIgen¼ eFVIkm μF¶n

éRkElg³ .

RB¼mhakalBicarNasaksBkulFIta

RKaena¼ kulFItamñakáneFVIkalkiriya søab´enAkñúg

evlal¶ac KWenAminTanesøksøaMg eRBa¼BüaFikeRmIkeLIgmYy

ePøtena¼ . BYkjatiEsgsaksBkulFItaena¼ eTAkanéRBs μ-

sankñúgevlal¶ac RBmTaMg«bkrN_sRmab´dutepßg@ man«s

nigeRbgCaedIm [éføQñÜldl´®sþIGñkrkßaéRBs μsan eday

Baküfa ²nagcUrcatEcgdutsaksBen¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy RbKl´

( saksB ) [ehIy ecosecjeTA . nageda¼sMBtdNþb´

rbs´kulFItaena¼ecjehIy eXIjsrIr£Edlsøab´RtwmEtmYy

-154- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

ePøtena¼EsnRbNIt manBN’dUcmas eTIbKitfa ²Garm μN_

en¼KYrnwgsEmþgdl´elakm©as´³ ehIyeTARkabfVaybg:MRB¼efr£

eBalfa ²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn GarmμN_Ebben¼man/ sUm

elakm©as´Kb,IeTABicarNacu¼³ .

RB¼fr£TTYlfa ²ceRmInBr³ dUecñ¼ehIy [elIksMBt

dNþb´ecjehIy BicarNataMgGMBIáTeCIg rhUtdl´cugsk

ehIyniyayfa ²rUben¼RbNItéRkElgNas´ manBN’dUcCa

mas/ nagKb,IdakrUben¼kñúgePIøg kalNaEdlrUben¼RtÚv

GNþatePIøgFMrMlayehIy swmRáb´GatμaPaB³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTA

kanlMenArbs´xøÜnvij . nageFVIy¨agena¼ehIy eTIbRáb´RB¼

efr£/ RB¼efr£eTABicarNa . kúñgTIEdlRtÚvGNþatePIøgb¨¼xÞb´

ehIy@ BN’énsrIr£ándUcCaemeKadag eCIgTaMgBIrsMyugcu¼

édTaMg BIrrYjcUl f¶asmanEs,krsatecj .

RB¼mhakalseRmcRB¼Grhtþ

RB¼efr£BicarNafa ²srIr£en¼CaFm μCatitaMgenAkñúgh¬-

T&y eFVI[minmanTIbMputdl´buK:lGñkRkeLkemIlkñúgkalmun/

Et}LÚven¼ ( RtLb ) dl´nUvkarGseTA sUnüeTA³ . RtLb´eTA

kanTIsRmakeBlyb´ Gg:úyBicarNadl´karGs´eTA nigsUnü

eTA ehIyeBalKafafa ½

²sgçarTaMgLaymineTogEmnBit mankiriyaekIteLIg

nwgvinaseTAvijCaFm μta/ ekIteLIgehIy rEmgrlt

eTAvij lu¼EtrltnUvsgçarTaMgLayena¼ehIy eTIb

ánnUvesckIþsux³ .

cMerInvibsßnaánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ RBmTaMgbdismÖiTa

TaMgLay kalRB¼efr£ánseRmcCaRB¼GrhtþehIy/ RB¼-

sasþamanPikçúsgÇecameram esþcyageTAkanestBünKr

ehIyesþcyagcUlkanéRBFñg .

BYkPriyarbs´RB¼culøkal án|fa RB¼sasþaesþc

-156- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

yagmkdl´ehIy Kitfa ²BYkeyIgnwg ( CYyKña ) cab´sVamIrbs´

BYkeyIg³ dUecñ¼ehIy bBa¢Ún ( GñkbeRmI ) eTAGaraFnanimnþRB¼

sasþa .

rebobRkalGasn£sm&yBuT§kal

k¾kñúgsSanTIEdlRB¼BuT§TaMgLay minRTgsñiT§sñal KYr

PikçúmYyrUbGñkRáb´karRkalGasn£ nigRtÚveTAmun k¾Gasn£

sRmab´RB¼BuT§TaMgLayKb,I[RkalenAcMkNþal/ Gasn£

sMrabRB¼sarIbutþetSrKb,IRkalxagsþaM/ Gasn£sRmabRB¼mha

emaK:løanetSr Kb,I[RkalxageqVgénGasn£rbsRB¼BuT§Gasn£

sRmab´PikçúsgÇ Kb,I[RkalxagTaMgBIrbnÞab´GMBIena¼eTA .

eRBa¼dUecña¼ RB¼mhaefr£sRmakenAkñúgTIXøúMcIvr bBa¢ÚnRB¼culø-

kaleTAfa ²elakcUreTAmun Ráb´rebobRkalGasn£cu¼³ .

RB¼culøkalRtÚv®sþIcabpßwk

BYkCnkñúgpÞ¼ eFVIkaresIccMGk[elak cab´BIkalEdl

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -157-

BYkeKeXIjelak ( Ekøg ) RkalGasn£TabsRmab´RB¼sgÇetSr

RkalGasn£x<s´sRmab´sgÇnvk . RB¼culøkalRáb´fa ²BYk

nagcUrkuMeFVIy¨agena¼/ cUrRkalGasn£x<s´kñúgTIx<s´ Rkal

Gasn£TabkñúgTITab³ .

BYk®sþIeFVIdUcmin|Bakürbs´elak KRmamfa ²elakedIr

eFVIGI ? naTI[RkalGasn£minsmKYrdl´elak¦ ? elakla

nrNaeTAbYs ? nrNaCaGñkRBm[elakeTAbYs ? mkTIen¼eFVI

GVI³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy CYyKñaTajs,g nigcIvrecj ehIy[esøók

sMBts BakkRmgp;aeQIelIsirsa ehIybBa¢ÚneTAedayBakü

fa ²elakcUreTAnaMRB¼sasþamk/ BYkeyIgnwgRkalGasn£³ .

culøkaltaMgenAkñúgPav£énPikçúGs´kalminyUr minTan

manvsßaenAeLIyk¾swk eTIbminxμaseGon eRBa¼ehtuena¼

eTIbCaGñkGs´esckIþreg:ósedaykiriyaGakarena¼ eTAfVaybg:M

RB¼sasþaehIy naMPikçúsgÇ manRB¼BuT§CaRbFanmk .

-158- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

k¾kñúgkaleRscPtþkic©rbs´PikçúsgÇ BYkPriyarbs

mhakalk¾KitKñafa ²®sþITaMgen¼rYmKñacab´sVamIrbs´xøÜnán BYk

eyIgk¾nwgcab´sVamIrbs´BYkeyIgEdr³ eTIb[nimnþRB¼sasþa

edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´karesayPtþaharkñúgéf¶Esðk .

RB¼mhakalk¾RtÚvPriyacabpßwk

k¾kñúgkalena¼ PikçúrUbdéTáneTA ( Ráb´ ) rebobRkal

Gasn£ . ®sþITaMgena¼minán{kas kñúgxN£ena¼ GaraFnaPikçú

sgÇmanRB¼BuT§CaRbFan[Kg ehIyánfVayPikça/ k¾culø-

kalmanPriyaBIrnak/ mCÄimkalmanbYnnak/ mhakalman

RáMbInak/ cMENkPikçúTaMgLayRáfñaeFVIPtþkic© k¾ánGg:úyeFVI

Ptþkic© .

BYkEdlRáfñaeTAxageRkAk¾eRkakecjeTA/ cMENkRB¼-

sasþaRbfab´KgRTgeFVIPtþkic© . kñúgkaleRscPtþkic©rbs´RB¼

Gg:ehIy ®sþITaMgena¼RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUm

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -159-

[RB¼mhakaleFVIGnuemaTna dl´BYk¹RB¼Gg:ehIy swmnimnþ

eTA/ sUmRB¼Gg:esþcyageTAmuncu¼³ .

RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa ²RbéBehIy³ esþcyageTAmun

ehIy lu¼dl´TVarRsúkPikçúsgÇk¾elIkeTasfa ²ehtudUcemþc

eTIbRB¼sasþaRTgeFVIy¨aghñwg ? etIRB¼Gg:RTgRCabehIy eTIb

RTgeFVI ¦k¾RTgminRCabeFVIhñ+ ? kalBImßilGnþrayénbBVC¢aekIt

eLIgdl´culøkal eRBa¼culøkalena¼nimnþeTAmuneK/ éf¶en¼Gnþ-

rayminánmaneRBa¼PikçúdéTnimnþeTAmun/ }LÚven¼ RB¼sasþa

[RB¼mhakalRtLb´ ehIyesþcyagmkmun/ k¾PikçúEdlman

sIldl´RBmedayGacar£ ®sþITaMgena¼nwgeFVIGnþrayénbBVC¢a

dl´RB¼mhakalena¼ánEdr¦³ ?

RB¼sasþa RTgRB¼sNþabnUvBakürbsPikçúTaMgena¼ehIy

esþcyagmkRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLay

eBalnUvBaküGVI³ ? PikçúTaMgena¼ k¾RkabTUlnUvesckIþnu+¼ .

-160- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaysm:al´mhakal

fa dUcCaculøkal¦ ?

P¿ y¨agena¼ehIy RB¼Gg: eRBa¼culøkalena¼manPriya

BIrnak ( cMENk ) RB¼mhakalen¼manPriyadl´eTA 8 nak/

elakRtÚvPriyaTaMg 8 BT§cab´ehIy nwgeFVIGVIán ?

RB¼mhakalCaGñkminjabj&r

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaykuM

niyayy¨agena¼eLIy/ eRBa¼culøkaleRkakeLIgehIy eRkak

eLIgRBmehIy eRcIneTAedaykareXIjnUvGarmμN_falð dUcedIm

eQIEdlmankmøaMgTuBVldu¼enAEk,rmateRCa¼ nigTIPMñEdldac/

cMENkRB¼mhakal buRtrbs´tfaKttameXIjGarm μN_fa min

lð CaGñkminjab´j&r dUcCaPMñfμtan³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit

RB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½

6 suPanubsßw vihrnþM }®nÞieysu GsMvutM

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -161-

ePaCnmHi GmtþBaØúM kusItM hInviriyM

tM ev bshtI maera vaeta rukçMv TuBVlM .

GsuPanubsßw vihrnþM }®nÞieysu susMvutM

ePaCnmHi c mtþBaØúM sT§M GarT§viriyM

tM ev nb,shtI maera vaeta eslMv bBVtM .

buK:ltameXIjnUvGarm μN_falð minsRgÜmkñúg}®nÞIy_

TaMgLay mindwgRbmaNkñúgePaCn x¢ilRcGUs man

BüayamFUrfy kielsmar rEmgRKbsg;tbuK:lena¼

Ég dUcxül´EdlRKbsg;tedImeQITuBVldUecña¼ . É

buK:lEdltameXIjnUvGarm μN_faminlð sRgÜmRbéB

kñúg}®nÞIy_TaMgLay dwgRbmaNkñúgePaCn mansT§a

RárB§Büayam kielsmarEtgRKbsg;tbuK:lena¼

minán dUcxül´RKbsg;tPMñfμtanminándUecña¼ .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa suPanubsßw ándl´Gñktam

eXIjnUvGarm μN_falð . GFib,ayfa GñkbeNþaycitþeTAkñúg

Garm μN_EdlKYrRáfña . k¾buK:lNakalkanyknimiμtGnu-

BüBa¢n£ rEmgkan´ykfa ²RkckTaMgLaylð / sðat³ . kan

ykfa ²RmamTaMgLaylð / sðat³ . kanykfa ²édTaMgBIr

eCIgTaMgBIr s μgTaMgBIr ePøATaMgBIr ceg;¼ eBa¼ sudnüTaMgBIr k

bbUrmat eFμjTaMgLay mat Rcmu¼ EPñkTaMgBIr RtecokTaMg

BIr cieBa©ImTaMgBIr f¶as skTaMgLay lð sðat³ . kan´yk

fa ²sk eram Rkck eFμj Es,k lð sðat³ . ( ¦ ) kan

ykfa ²BN’lð RTgRTaylð³ . buK:lena¼ eQ μa¼fa tam

eXIjnUvGarm μN_falð . buK:lena¼ KWGñktameXIjnUvGa-

rm μN_falðy¨agena¼ .

bTfa }®niÞeysu ándl´ kñúg}®nIÞy_ 6 manckçú®nIÞy_

CaedIm .

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -163-

bTfa GsMvutM ándl GñkminrkßaTVarTaMgLay man

ckçúTVarCaedIm .

bTfa GmtþBaØúM esckIþfa EdleQμa¼fa Gñkmins:al´

RbmaNkñúgePaCn eRBa¼mindwgRbmaNen¼ KWRbmaNkñúgkar

EsVgrk RbmaNkñúgkarTTYl RbmaNkñúgkarbriePaK . n&y

mü¨ageTot EdleQμa¼fa Gñkmins:al´RbmaNeRBa¼mindwgRb-

maNen¼ KWRbmaNkñúgkarBicarNa RbmaNkñúgkarl¼ KWmin

dwgfa ²ePaCnen¼RbkbedayFm’’ en¼minRbkbedayFm’’³ .

bTfa kusItM esckIþfa EdleQμa¼faGñkx¢ilRcGUs

eRBa¼PaBCaGñkRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacénkamvitk; BüaáTvitk; nig

vihwgßavitk; .

bTfa hInviriyM esckIþfa GñkminmanesckIþBüayam

KWGñkevorcakesckIþBüayamkñúg}riyabfTaMg 4 .

bTfa bshtI ERbfa rEmgRKbsg;t KWjaMjI .

-164- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

áTRB¼Kafa vaeta rukçMv TuBVlM esckIþfa dUcxül´d¾

mankmøaMgjúaMgedImeQIEdlmankmøaMgTuBVl Edldu¼enAEk,r

mateRCa¼ . GFib,ayfa dUcyagfa xül´ena¼ júaMgcMENk

epßg@ manp;a Epø swøkx©ICaedIm énedImeQIena¼[Føakcu¼mkxø¼

kacEmktUcxø¼ kacEmkFMxø¼ bkdkedImeQIena¼RBmTaMg¬s

eFVI[¬seLIgxagelI Emkcu¼eRkam y¨agNamuij/ mar KWki-

elsEdlekItkñúgxagkñúg rEmgjúaMgbuK:lEbbena¼án dUecña¼

Edr/ KWkielsmareFVI[RtÚvGabtþitUc@ dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMg

júaMgcMENkepßg@ manp;a Epø swøkx©ICaedIm énedImeQIEdl

mankmøaMgTuBVl[RCú¼cu¼mkxø¼/ eFVI[RtÚvGabtþimannisßK:Iy_Ca

edIm dUcxül´d¾mankmøaMgeFVIkarkacEmkeQItUc@xø¼/ eFVI[RtÚv

GabtþisgÇaTiessTaMg 13 dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMgeFVIkarkac

EmkeQIFMxø¼/ eFVI[RtÚvGabtþiáraCiknaMecjcaksasna Edl

RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgRtas´lðehIy [dl´PaBCaRKhsSeday

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -165-

BIrbIéf¶bu¨eNÑa¼ dUcxül´mankmøaMgxøaMgdk ( edImeQI ) eFVI[rlM

cu¼ man¬seLIgelI manEmkcu¼eRkamxø¼ . kielsmarrEmg

jaMjIbuK:lEbbena¼ [RbRBwtþeTAkñúgGMNacrbs´xøÜn .

bTfa GsuPanubsßw esckIþfa GñkeXIjnUvGarm μN_

minlð 10 y¨ag y¨agNanImYyfaminlð . KWRbkbkñúgmn-

sikaredayPaBCarbs´bdikUl ándl´ eXIjskTaMgLay

edayPaBCarbs´minlð minsðat eXIjeram Rkck eFμj

Es,k BN’sm,úr RTgRTayedayPaBCarbsminlð minsðat .

bTfa }®niÞeysu ándl´kñúg}®nÞIy_ 6 . bTfa

susMvutM ándl´ GñkRáscakkarkan´yk mankarkan´yk

nUvnim μitCaedIm KWGñkmanTVarEdlbiTehIy .

bTfa mtþBaØúM esckIþfa Gñks:al´RbmaNkñúgePaCn

mann&ypÞúynwgPaBCaGñkmins:al´RbmaN .

bTfa sT§M esckIþfa GñkRbkbedayelakiysT§a man

-166- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgculøkalnigmhakal

kareCOkm μ nigplCalkçN£ 1 nigRbkbedayelakutþrsT§a

eBalKWkarRC¼føa EdlminkeRmIkjab´j&rkñúgvtSúTaMg 3 mYy .

bTfa GarT§viriyM ándl´ Gñkp:geLIgnUvesckIþBüa-

yam KWCaGñkmankarBüayameBjeljehIy .

bTfa tM ev ándl´ buK:lena¼ KWEbbena¼ .

GFib,ayfa xül´EdlmankmøaMgexßay bkRsal@

rEmgminGac[silatanjab´j&rány¨agNamij kielsmar

EdlmankmøaMgexßay sUm,IekIteLIgkñúgxagkñúg rEmgRKbsg;t

( buK:lena¼ ) minán KWminGaceFVI[jab´j&rrBa¢Üyán dUecña¼ .

mhakaleha¼eKcPriya

®sþITaMgena¼ EdlCaPriyacas´rbs´RB¼mhakalena¼

eLamBT§RB¼efr£ ehIyeBalBaküCaedImfa ²elaklanrNa

eTAbYs }LÚven¼ elakswk ¦k¾minswk³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy án

naMecjnUvsMBtTaMgLay ( rbs´RB¼efr£ ) .

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -167-

RB¼efr£kMNtGakarrbs´®sþIena¼ánehIy eRkakcak

Gasn£ ehIyeha¼eTAeday¬T§i TmøaynUvehaCagéndMbUlpÞ¼

kMBUl eTAtamGakas/ kalRB¼sasþaRTgRtas´Kafacb´/ sr-

esIrRB¼srIr£rbs´RB¼sasþaEdlmanvNÑ£dUcmas cu¼mkfVay

bg:MRB¼yuKláTrbs´RB¼tfaKt .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúEdlRbCuMKña taMgenAkñúgGriypl

TaMgLay manesatabtþiplCaedIm dUecñ¼Ég .

( erOgculøkal nigmhakalcb´ )

r o s

7 erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§karán

sMBtkasav£EdlbuK:lnaMmkBIEdnKn§ar£rbs´RB¼eTvTtþ kñúg

RkúgraCRKw¼ Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²Gnik;saeva³ CaedIm .

RB¼sarIbuRtsEmþgFm’’dlGñkRkúgraCRKw¼

esckIþBisþarfa sm&ymYy RB¼GK:savkTaMgBIrnaMbri-

varrbsxøÜnmYyGg:@ 500 rUb eTATUllaRB¼sasþaehIy án

ecjcakvtþeCtBn eTAkanRkúgraCRKw¼ .

GñkRkúgraCRKw¼rYmKñaCaBYk manBIrnakxø¼ bInakxø¼ eRcIn

nakxø¼ fVayGaKnþúkTan . éf¶mYy RB¼sarIbuRtkalnwgeFVI

GnuemaTna ánsEmþgFm’’y¨agen¼fa ²«ásk «ásikaTaMg

LayEdlfVayTanedayxøÜnÉg ( Et ) minbbYlGñkdéT/ Tayk

ena¼ rEmgánePaKsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ ( Et ) min

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -169-

ánbrivarsm,tþi/ GñkbbYlCndéTeFVI cMENkxøÜnÉgmin[/ Gñk

ena¼ rEmgánbrivarsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ ( Et ) min

ánePaKsm,tþi/ GñkEdlmin[edayxøÜnÉgpg minbbYlCn

déTpg buK:lena¼ rEmgminánsUm,IvtSúRtwmEtáycugGg;rl μm

cMEGtépÞánedayRk rEmgCamnusßGnafa rkbc©&yminán

kñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@/ GñkEdl[TanedayxøÜnÉgpg TaMg

bbYlCndéT[[pg buK:lena¼rEmgánTaMgePaKsm,tþi TaMg

brivarsm,tþikñúgTIEdlxøÜnekItehIy@ Gs´ryGtþPaBxø¼ Ban

GtþPaBxø¼ EsnGtþPaBxø¼ .

nimnþPikçú 1000 rUbTTYlPtþahar

bursEdlCabNÐitmñak sþab´RB¼Fm μeTsnaena¼ehIy

Kitfa ²Gñkd¾ceRmInRB¼Fm μeTsnaKYrGs©arüNas´/ elakm©as´

sarIbuRteBalehtuénesckIþsux/ eyIgKYrEteFVIkm μEdljúaMg

sm,tþiTaMgBIrena¼[seRmc³ dUecñ¼ehIy eTIbnimnþRB¼efr£fa

-170- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

²bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn éf¶Esðken¼ sUmelakm©as´TaMg

LayTTYlPikçarbs´¹RB¼kruNa³ .

RB¼efr£sYrfa ²«ásk GñkRtÚvkarPikçúb¨unμanGg: «ásk

sYrRtLb´eTAvijfa ²PikçúEdlCabrivarrbs´elakm©as´ man

bu¨nμanGg:³ ?

f¿ mñal«ásk manRbmaN 1000 Gg: .

«¿ bBiRtelakm©as´d¾ceRmIn sUmelakm©as´mYyGenøI

edayPikçúCabrivarTaMgGs´emtþaTTYlPikçarbs´¹ . RB¼efr£TTYl

ehIyedaytuNHIPaB .

«áskbbYlGñkRsúkfVayPtþahar

«áskRtaceTAkñúgfñl´RB¼nKr bbYledayBaküfa

²mñalGñkTaMgLay ¹nimnþPikçúTuk 1000 rUb GñkTaMgLaynwg

GacfVayPikçamancMnYnb¨unμan ? BYkmnusßeBaledaysmKYr

dl´kmøaMgrbs´xøÜn@ fa BYk¹nwgRbeKndl´Pikçú 10 rUb/ BYk¹

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -171-

20 rUb BYk¹ 100 rUb .

«áskeBalfa ²ebIdUecña¼ eyIgTaMgLaynwgRbCMuKñadaM

sørYmKñakñúgTIEtmYycu¼/ sUmelakRKb´@Kña cUrrYbrYmvtSúepßg@

maneRbg l¶ Gg;r Twkeda¼føa s;rGMeBACaedIm³ dUecñ¼ehIy [

rYmKñaTukkñúgTIEtmYy . RKaena¼ kudum<Ik_mñak[sMBtkasav£Edl

naMmkBIEdnKn§ar£Edlmantémø 1 Esn dl´«áskena¼ ehIy

Ráb´fa ²ebIvtSúsRmab´[Tanrbs´elak minRKb´RKaneT/

elakcUrcMNaysMBtmYypÞaMgen¼ [RKb´cMENkEdlxV¼xat

cu¼/ ebIvtSúsRmab´eFVITanrbselakRKb´RKanehIy elakcUrRb-

eKn ( sMBtmYypÞaMgen¼ ) dl´PikçúrUbNaEdlelakRáfña³ .

RKaena¼ vtSúsRmab´[TanRKb´y¨agrbs´«áskena¼ RKb´RKan

ehIy . vtSúNa@ eQμa¼faxV¼xatminman eTIb«áskena¼sYr

mnusßTaMgLayfa ²sMBtkasav£Edlmantémøkatéføminán

mYypÞaMgen¼ Edlkudum<Ik_mñakeBalyagen¼ ehIyRbKl´[¹ .

-172- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

eTyüFm’’ ( rbs´BYkeyIg ) k¾manenAsl´pgEdr/ eyIgTaMgLay

nwgRbeKnsMBtkasav£mYypÞaMgen¼ dl´elakm©as´Gg:Na³ ?

RbeKnsMBttémømYyEsndleTvTtþ

BYkxø¼eBalfa ²RbeKndl´RB¼sarIbutþetSr³ BYkxø¼eBal

fa ²RB¼efr£eRcInmkkñúgevlasnÞÚgmanPaBcas´CuMvijehIy k¾

eTACaRbRktI RB¼eTvTtþCasmøajkñúgBiFImg:l nigGBVmg:l

TaMgLayrbs´BYkeyIg taMgenACanic©dUcBagTwk/ BYkeyIgnwg

RbeKnsMBtmYypÞaMgena¼dl´elak³ sUm,IkalBaküRbRBwtþeTA

eRcInpøÚv ( y¨agena¼ ) BYkEdleBalfa ²KYrRbeKndl´eTvTtþ³

mancMnYneRcInCag . kalebIdUecña¼ eTIbBYkeKánRbeKnsMBt

kasav£ena¼dl´eTvTtþ .

RB¼eTvTtþesøókdNþbsMBt´kasav£

minsmKYrdlxøÜn

RB¼eTvTtþkatsMBtena¼ehIy edrRClkehIy esøók

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -173-

dNþb´ehIyRtaceTA . BYkmnusßeXIjelakehIy k¾niyay

Kñafa ²sMBtmYypÞaMgen¼minsmKYrdl´eTvTtþeT smKYrdl´RB¼

sarIbuRt RB¼eTvTtþesøókdNþb´sMBtEdlminsmKYrdl´xøÜn

RtaceTA³ . RKaena¼ PikçúGñkenAkñúgTisepßgmYyrUb ( ecj ) GMBI

RkúgraCRKw¼eTAkanRkúgsavtSIfVaybg:MRB¼sasþa CaGñkEdlRB¼

sasþaRTgeFVIbdisNæar£ Rtas´sYrdl´ karenACasuxrbs´RB¼

GK:savkTaMgBIrehIy k¾RkabTUlerOgena¼ taMgGMBIedImfVay

RB¼sasþa .

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikç eTvTtþena¼RTRTgsMBt

EdlminsmKYrdl´xøÜnkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼k¾eT/ sUm,Ikñúg

kalmuneTvTtþk¾Føab´RTRTgEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgnaMGtItniTan

mk ( Rtas´fa ) ½

kalmuneTvTtþCanayRBandMrI

kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTRBhμTtþRKgraCsm,tþi kñúg

-174- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

RB¼nKrBaraNsI/ nayRBandMrIGñknKrBaraNsImñak/ smøab´

dMrITaMgLayehIy naMPøúk Es,k eBa¼evonFM nigsacduMmk

lkciBa©wmCIvit . RKaena¼ dMrICaeRcInBanedIrrksuIenAkñúgéRBmYy

CYbRB¼bec©kBuT§eRcInRB¼Gg: cab´epþImBIkalena¼ kalnwgeTA

lutCg:gTaMgBIrcu¼ ehIyeFVIesckIþeKarBkñúgkalEdleTA nig

mk ( RKb´eBl ) ehIyeTIbecosecjeTA éf¶mYyRBandMrIeXIj

kiriyaena¼ehIy Kitfa ²eyIgsmøab´dMrITaMgen¼ánedaylMák/

k¾kñúgkaleTAnigmk dMrITaMgen¼rEmgeFVIesckIþeKarBRB¼bec©k

BuT§TaMgLay/ vaeXIjGVIhñ+ ? eTIbeFVIesckIþeKarB³/ kMNtán

fa ²eXIjsMBtkasav£³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rti¼ri¼fa ²}LÚven¼ eyIg

ánsMBtkasav£rEmgKYr³ . kalRB¼bec©kBuT§mYyrUbcu¼eTA

kanCatRs¼RsgTwk daksMBtkasav£TaMgLayTukenAEk,r

matRs¼/ eTIblYccIvrena¼eTA cab´lMEBgGg:úydNþb´Gvyv£

RBmTaMgk,alEk,rpøÚv EdldMrITaMgena¼eTAmk . hVÚgdMrIeXIjeK

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -175-

ehIyeTIbeFVIesckIþeKarBedaysm:al´fa ²RB¼bec©kBuT§³ ehIy

k¾ecosecjeTA . RBandMrIena¼yklMEBgBYyRtÚvdMrImYyEdl

edIrxageRkaydMrITaMgena¼[søab´ ehIykanykcMENkepßg@

manPøúkCaedIm kb´cMENkEdlenAsl´kñúgEpndIehIyecos

ecjeTA .

kñúgkalCacMENkxageRkaymk RB¼eBaFistVbdisn§i

kñúgkMeNItdMrI ánCaRbFanéndMrI Cam©as´énhVÚg ( Caemekøag ) k¾

kñúgkalena¼ RBandMrIena¼k¾enAEteFVIy¨agena¼dEdl . RB¼brm

eBaFistVdwgnUvkarGseTAénbris&TrbsxøÜn eTIbsYrfa ²dMrITaMg

en¼eTANaGs ? eTIbánrela¼eTA³ kaldMrITaMgena¼eqøIyfa

²mindwgeTnay³ Kitfa ²dMrITaMgLaykalnwgeTANaminTan

Ráb´eyIg ( CamunsineT ) nwgminKb,IeTA GnþrayKb,Iman³ nwk

sgß&yfa ²GnþrayKb,ImanBIsmñakénburs EdlGg:úyRKb

dNþb´sMBtkasav£kñúgTIkEnøgmYy³ edIm,IXøaMcab´bursena¼ k¾

-176- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

bBa¢ÚndMrITaMgGs´[eTAmun cMENkxøÜnÉg edIrmkBIxageRkay/

RBandMrIena¼ kaldMrId¾esseFVIesckIþeKarBehIyedIreTA/ eXIj

RB¼brmeBaFistVkMBugedIrmkly@ eTIbsMexIjcIvr ehIyBYy

lMEBgeTA .

RB¼brmeBaFistV kalRbúgnUvs μartIehIyedIrmk fy

RtLb´eTAxageRkay ehIyeKcnUvlMEBg .

RKaena¼ RB¼brmeBaFistV sÞú¼cUleTAedIm,Inwgcab´RBan

dMrIena¼ edayeFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²bursen¼[júaMgdMrIrbs´eyIg

vinas³ . nayRBandMrIBYnnwgedImeQImYyedIm .

RKaena¼ RB¼brmeBaFistVykRbemaycab´RBandMrIeday

eFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²nwgcab´eákeTAhñwgEpndI³ ( RKaena¼ ) eXIj

sMBtkasav£EdlRBandMrInaMecjmksEmþg k¾Gtsg;teday

eFVITukkñúgcitþfa ²ebIeyIgnwgRbTUsraycMeBa¼bursen¼esat .

esckþIeGonxμascMeBa¼RB¼BuT§ RB¼bec©kBuT§ nigRB¼xINaRsB

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -177-

eRcInBanGg: RtveyIgTmøayecal³ saksYrfa ²jatirbs´

eyIgRbmaNbu¨eNѼ GñkÉgeFVI[vinasehIy¦³ ?

RBandMrITTYlsarPaBfa ²eGI nay³ .

RB¼mhaburseBalfa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbGñkÉgeFVIkm μd¾

eRKatRKaty¨agen¼ ? GñkÉgesøókdNþb´nUvsMBtminsmKYr

dl´xøÜn smKYrdl´elakGñkEdlmanraK£eTARásehIyTaMg

Lay kaleFVIkm μd¾lamkEbben¼ eQ μa¼fa eFVIkm μd¾F¶n ³ .

lu¼eBaly¨agnu+¼ehIy kalnwgsg;tsg;in[éRkElg

eLIg eTIbeBalnUvKafafa ½

buK:lNa enAmanTwkct KWraKaTik;ielskñúgsnþan Ca

Gñkeá¼bgkarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ ehIyesøók

dNþb´sMBtkasav£ buK:lena¼minKYrnwgesøókdNþb´

sMBtkasav£eLIy .

lu¼EtbuK:lNa manTwkct KWraKaTik;ielsx¢akecal

-178- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

GsehIy CaGñkmancitþtm;l´maMkñúgctub,arisuT§isIl

RbkbedaykarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ buK:lena¼Ég

eTIbKYrnwgesøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£án .

esckIþen¼ bNÐitKb,IsEmþgtamerOgqTÞnþCatkcu¼ .

rbslðrEmgsmKYrdlmnusßlð minsmKYr

dlmnusßGaRkkeT

RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mk ( sEmþg )

ehIy RTgRbCuMCatkfa ²RBandMrIkñúgkalena¼ánmkCaeTvTtþ

kñúgkal}LÚven¼ dMrId¾RbesIrEdlCaGñkp©ajp©alRBandMrIena¼

KWtfaKten¼Ég³ dUecñ¼ RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay min

EmnEtkñúgkalen¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT . sUm,Ikñúgkalmun eTvTtþk¾Føab´

RTRTgnUvsMBtminsmKYrdl´xøÜnEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánPasit

RB¼KafaTaMgen¼fa ½

7 Gnik;saeva kasavM eya vtSM briTehsßti

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -179-

Gebeta Tmsec©n n esa kasavmrhti .

eya c vnþksavsß sIelsu susmahieta

«ebeta Tmsec©n sev kasavmrhti .

buK:lNa enAmanTwkct KWraKaTik;ielskñúgsnþan

CaGñkeá¼bgkarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ ehIyesøók

dNþb´sMBtkasav£ buK:lena¼minKYrnwgesøókdNþb´

sMBtkasav£eLIy .

lu¼EtbuK:lNa manTwkct KWraKaTik;ielsx¢akecal

Gs´ehIy CaGñkmancitþtm;l´maMkñúgctub,arisuT§isIl

RbkbedaykarTUnμannUv}®nIÞy_ nigsc©£ buK:lena¼

Ég eTIbKYrnwgesøókdNþb´sMBtkasav£án .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa Gnik;saeva esckIþfa GñkEdl

eQμa¼famanTwkct KWraKaTik;iels eRBa¼kielsdUcTwkctTaMg

-180- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

Lay mankamraK£CaedIm .

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hgßvtInKr kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb,BIPTÞkb,en¼eTA eKfVay

mhaTanGs 7 éf¶ ehIyRkabcu¼kñúgTICitRB¼áTénRB¼manRB¼

PaKGg:ena¼ taMgesckIþRáfñaedIm,IkarcakFøú¼Fm’’d¾eqñImmuneK

bgðs´dUcKñaEdr . tfaKtánRbTantMENg EdlGBaØaeka-

NÐBaØ£en¼RáfñaehIyedayRbkary¨agen¼ tfaKtmináneyaK

yl´muxeT³ .

buBVkmμrbsCn 55 nak manyskulbuRt

CaedIm

PikçúTaMgLayRkabTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn Cn

55 nak´ manyskulbuRtCaRbFan eFVIkm μGVITuk³ ?

RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²sUm,ICn 55 nakena¼ánRáfña

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -215-

nUvRB¼GrhtþkñúgsmñakRB¼BuT§mYyRB¼Gg: eFVIkm μEdlCabuNü

TukeRcInehIy xageRkaymkkalRB¼BuT§minTan«b,tþieLIgkñúg

elak/ CasmøajnwgKña eFVIbuNürYmKña edIrcatEcgsaksB

mnusßKμanTIBwg . éf¶mYy BYkeKCYb®sþIsøab´TaMgmanKP’ bMNg

fa ²nwgdut³ eTIbnaMeTAkanéRBs μsan CnTaMgena¼sRmakenA

kñúgé®Bs μsan 5 nak edayRáb´fa ²BYkelakcUrdut³ Cn

d¾esscUleTAkanRsúk .

TarkeQ μa¼ysykeQIsUlcaksBena¼ RtLb´ eTA

RtLb´mkehIy k¾ánGsuPsBaØa . eKsEmþgdl´smøaj 4

nakeTotfa ²mñalGñkd¾ceRmInTaMgLay GñkTaMgLaycUremIl

saksBen¼EdlmanEs,k KWePIøgkm©atbgehIy kñúgTIena¼@

dUcCarUbeKaBBal minsðat sðúy CavtSúKYr[ex<Im³ . CnTaMg 4

nakena¼k¾ánGsuPsBaØakñúgsaksBena¼Edr . eKTaMg 5 nak

eTAkanRsúkánRáb´dl´smøajd¾ess . cMENkRB¼ys

-216- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

eTApÞ¼ehIyánRáb´dl´matabita nigPriya . GñkTaMgGs´Kña

ena¼k¾ceRmInGsuPsBaØaEdr en¼CabuBVkm μrbs´Cn 55 nak man

yskulbuRtCaRbFanena¼ . eRBa¼dUecña¼Ég esckIþsm:al´kñúg

pÞ¼d¾edrdaseday®sIþfa dUcéRBs μsan k¾ekItdl´RB¼ys .

eday«bnisß&ysm,tþiena¼ karseRmcKuNviess eTIbekIt

eLIgdl´BYkeKTaMgGs . CnTaMgen¼ánTTYlpl EdlxøÜn

RáfñaehIy edayRbkary¨agen¼ . minEmntfaKteyaKyl´

muxeT³ .

buBVkmμrbsPTÞvK:Iy_ 30 nak

PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾RB¼-

PTÞvK:iyPikçúCasmøajnwgKñaáneFVIkm μGVITukeTA RB¼Gg:³ ?

RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay sUm,IBYkPTÞ-

vK:Iy_ena¼ k¾ánRáfñaRB¼GrhtþkñúgsmñakRB¼BuT§kñúgkalmun

ehIyeFVIbuNü nakalRB¼BuT§enAminTanesþc«b,tþi CaGñkelg

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -217-

30 nak ánsþab´tuNÐielavaT ánrkßasIl 5 rhUtGs´ 6

muWnqñaM . sUm,IPTÞvK:Iy_TaMgen¼ k¾ánseRmcplEdlxøÜnRáfña

ehIy@ dUcKñaedayRbkary¨agen¼ . minEmntfaKteyaKyl´

ehIyRbTantMENgdl´PikçúTaMgLayena¼eT³ .

buBVkmμrbsCdil 3 nak´bgbðÚn

PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾ksßb£

3 nakbgbðÚn man«ruevlksßb£CaedIm áneFVInUvkm μGVITukeTA³.

RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´fa ²eKRáfñaRB¼GrhtþEdr eFVIbuNüTuk

ehIy k¾kñúg 92 kb,GMBIPTÞkb,en¼eTAmanRB¼BuT§BIrRB¼Gg: KW

RB¼BuT§RB¼nam tisߣ RB¼BuT§RB¼nampusߣ esþc«b,tþieLIg

kñúgelak RB¼raCaRB¼namfa mhinÞ ánCaRB¼bitarbs´RB¼BuT§

RTgRB¼namfa pusߣ . k¾kalRB¼Gg:RTgánseRmcsem<aFi-

jaNehIy/ RB¼{rstUcrbs´RB¼raCa ánCaRB¼GK:savk

buRtrbs´buerahitánCaRB¼GK:savkTI 2 . RB¼raCaánesþc

-218- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

yageTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa RTgRtÜtemIlnUvCnTaMgena¼fa

²raC{rsGg:c,grbs´eyIgCaRB¼BuT§/ raC{rsbðÚnCaGK:savk/

buRtbuerahit CaRB¼GK::savkTI 2 ³ RTgbnøWRB¼«Tan 3 dgfa

²RB¼BuT§rbs´¹/ RB¼Fm’’rbs´¹/ RB¼sgÇrbs´¹/ ¹m©as´sUm

nms;arcMeBa¼RB¼manRB¼PaK RTgCaRB¼GrhnþRtas´dwgeday

RbéBehIyedayRB¼Gg:Ég³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rkabcu¼eTobáTmUl

rbs´RB¼sasþa RTgTTYlebþCJafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn kñúg

kal}LÚven¼ hakdUcCakalCaTIGg:úylk kñúgTIbMputénGayu

manRbmaN 9 muWnqñaM/ sUmRB¼Gg:kuMesþcyageTAkanTVarpÞ¼

rbs´BYkCndéTeLIy sUmRTg´TTYlbc©&y 4 rbs´TUlbg:MrhUt

Gs´evlaEdlTUlbg:MenAmanCIvit³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgeFVIBuT§ú-

b,dæakCaRbcaM . mü¨ageTot RB¼raCaRTgmanRB¼raC{rsdéT

3 RB¼Gg:eTot . bNþaRB¼raC{rs 3 RB¼Gg:ena¼ RB¼raC

{rsGg:c,gmanTahanCabrivar 500 Gg:kNþal man 300

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -219-

Gg:tUcman 200 .

RB¼raC{rsTaMgena¼ RkabTUlsUm{kasnwgRB¼bitafa

²sUm,ITUlbg:MTaMgLay nwgnimnþRB¼m©as´bgesay³ sUm,ITUl

sUmerOy@ k¾minán/ kalbc©nþCnbTkeRmIk/ RtÚvbBa¢ÚneTA

edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl´karrm¶ab´bc©nþCnbTena¼/ júaMgbc©nþCnbT[

s¶b´rm¶ab´ ehIymkkan´smñakRB¼raCbita . RKaena¼ RB¼raC-

bita RTgbeásGEgðlRB¼{rsTaMg 3 ena¼ehIy RTgefIb

B§d¾RB¼sirsa Rtas´fa ²áTaMgLay bita[Brdl´BYkbuRt³ .

RB¼{rsTaMg 3 ena¼TUlfa ²RbéBehIyRB¼bita³ eFVIRB¼Br[Ca

karEdlxøÜnkanykehIy/ edaykalknøgeTA 2-3 éf¶ RB¼bita

Rtas´eTotfa ²áTaMgLay BYkbuRtcUrTTYlBrcu¼³ RkabTUlfa

²bBiRtRB¼bita esckIþRáfñanUvvtSúNa@ rbs´TUlbg:Mminman .

taMgGMBI}LÚven¼ TUlbg:MnwgnimnþRB¼m©as´bgesay/ sUmRB¼

raCTanBren¼dl´TUlbg:Mcu¼³ .

-220- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .

G¿ RbsinebIRB¼bitaminRB¼raCTanCanic©eT sUmRB¼bita

RB¼raCTanRtwmEt 7 qñaMánehIy .

r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .

G¿ ebIdUecña¼ sUmRB¼bitaRB¼raCTanRtwmEt 6-5-4-3-

2-1 qñaM 7-6-5-4-3 ExánehIy .

r¿ mñalbuRt [mináneT .

G¿ eNHIycu¼ RB¼bitasUmRTg´RB¼raCTan RtwmEt 3 Ex

dl´¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLay mñakmYyEx@ cu¼ .

r¿ RbéBehIybuRt/ ebIdUecña¼ buRtcUrnimnþ[qanán 3

Excu¼ .

k¾bursnayXøaMgrbsRB¼raCbuRtTaMgbIGg:ena¼ manEtmñak´

GñkRbkbkic©karTUeTAk¾manEtmñakEdr . RB¼raCbuRtTaMg 3 Gg:

ena¼ manburs 12 muWnCabrivar . RB¼raC{rsTaMgbIGg:bBa¢a

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -221-

[ehAbrivarTaMgena¼mkehIy Rtas´fa ²eyIgTaMgbInwgrkßasIl

10 esøókdNþb´nUvsMBtkasay£BIrpÞaMg enArYmCamYyRB¼-

sasþaGs´ 3 Exen¼/ BYkGñkTaMgLay cUrkanyknUvvtSúEdl

buK:lKb,I[RbRBwtþkñúgTanmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ júaMgvtSúEdl

buK:lKb,ITMBasuI nigvtSúEdlbuK:lKb,IbriePaK[RbRBwtþeTAdl´

Pikçú 9 muWnrUb nigdl´Tahanrbs´eyIg 1000/ eRBa¼GMNw¼GMBI

en¼eTA BYkeyIgmineBalnUvBaküGVI@ TaMgGs ³ .

RB¼{rsTaMg 3 Gg:ena¼ naMbursCabrivarmYyBansmaTan

sIl 10 esøókdNþb´sMBtkasay£ enAEtkñúgTIvtþ . burs

nayXøaMg nigbursGñkRbkbkñúgkic©karTUeTAebIkykRTBütam

var£@ GMBIXøaMgTaMgLayrbs´RB¼raCbuRtCabgbðÚnTaMg 3 Gg:

fVayTan .

briePaKGaharEdleK«TÞiscMeBa¼PikçúsgÇ

søabeTAekItCaeRbt

k¾kUnrbs´BYkkm μkr ERskyMTarrkbbr nigPtþCaedIm .

km μkrTaMgena¼ kalPikçúsgÇminTanmk k¾[vtSúmanbbr nig

áyCaedImdl´kUnTaMgena¼ . kñúgeBlEdlPikçúsgÇqaneRsc

ehIy minEdlmanvtSúGVIsl´eLIy .

kñúgkaltmk BYkkm μkrTaMgena¼niyayGagfa ²eyIgnwg

[dl´BYkekμg³ dUecña¼ehIy TTYleTAbriePaKxøÜnÉgxø¼/ minRtwm

Etbu¨eNÑa¼ eXIjGaharsUm,Id¾CaTIKab´citþk¾minGacnwgGtRTaM

án . k¾BYkeKmanRbmaN 8 muWn 4 Bannak . BYkeKbriePaK

GaharEdlfVaysgÇehIy eRBa¼kayEbkFøayáneTAekItkñúg

ebtvis&y .

cMENkRB¼{rs 3 nakbgbðÚn RBmTaMgbursmYyBan

eFVIkalkiriyaehIyekItkñúgeTvelakGs´ 92 kb, .

RB¼raC{rs 3 nak´bgbðÚnRáfñanUvRB¼Grhtþ áneFVI

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -223-

klüaNkm μkñúgkalena¼edayRbkary¨agen¼ Cdil 3 nakbg

bðÚnena¼ ánTTYlplEdlxøÜnRáfñaehIy tfaKtminán

eyaKyl´mux[eT .

cMENkGñkRbkbkñúgkic©karTUeTArbs´RB¼raC{rs 3 Gg:

ena¼ kñúgkalena¼ánCaRB¼áTBim<isar . nayXøaMgánCa

visax«ásk . km μkrrbs´RB¼raCbuRtTaMg 3 ena¼ ekItkñúg

ebtvis&y Rtacrg:ateTAmkedayGMNacsuKti nigTuK:ti kñúg

kb,en¼ ekItkñúgebtelakena¼Ég Gs´ 4 BuT§nþr .

BYkeRbtsYrevlaánGaharnwgRB¼BuT§ 3 RB¼Gg:

eRbtTaMgena¼ cUlKalRB¼BuT§RB¼namfa kkusen§aEdl

manRB¼Cnμayu 4 mWunqñaM esþc«b,tþieLIgmunRB¼BuT§RKb´RB¼Gg:

kñúgPTÞkb,en¼ TUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn sUmRB¼Gg:

emtþaRáb´nUvkalCaTIánGahardl¹RB¼Gg:TaMgLay³ .

RB¼manRB¼PaK RTg´Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMgLayminTan

-224- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

ánbriePaKGaharkñúgkaléntfaKten¼eT/ bu¨EnþxageRkayén

tfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼x<seLIgRbmaNmYyeyaCn_ RB¼BuT§

RTgRB¼ namfa ekanaKmn£ nwg«b,tþieLIg/ GñkTaMgLayKb,I

sYrRB¼Gg:cu¼ ³ .

eRbtTaMgena¼ júaMgkalmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ[Gs´eTA

kalRB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa ekanaKmn£ ena¼esþc«b,tþieLIg

ehIy k¾áncUleTATUlsYrRB¼Gg: sUm,IRB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼k¾

Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMgLaynwgenAminTanánkñúgkaléntfaKt

eT EtxageRkayéntfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼x<s´eLIgánmYy

eyaCn_ RB¼BuT§RB¼namfa ksßb£ nwg«b,tþieLIg BYkGñkTaMg

LayKb,ITUlsYrRB¼Gg:cu¼ ³ .

eRbtTaMgena¼ júaMgkalmanRbmaNbu¨eNѼ[Gs´eTA

ehIy/ lu¼RB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfaksßb£esþc«b,tþieLIgehIy/

k¾TUlsYrRB¼Gg: . sUm,IRB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼ k¾Rtas´fa ²BYkGñkTaMg

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -225-

LaynwgenAminTanánkñúgkaléntfaKteT EtxageRkayén

tfaKt kalmhaRbwfBIdu¼eLIgánRbmaNmYyeyaCn_ RB¼BuT§

RB¼namfa eKatm nwgesþc«b,tþieLIg . kñúgkalena¼ jati

rbs´GñkTaMgLaynwgCaRB¼raCaRTgRB¼namfa Bim<isarfVayTan

cMeBa¼RB¼sasþaehIy nwg[cMENkkuslTandl´BYkGñk BYk

Gñknwgán ( Gahar ) kñúgRKaena¼³ . mYyBuT§nþránRákddl´

eRbtTaMgena¼dUcCaéf¶Esðk .

BYkeRbtrYcputTukçeRBa¼plTan

eRbtTaMgena¼ kalRB¼tfaKtesþc«b,tþiehIy/ kal

RB¼áTBim<isarfVayTankñúgéf¶xagedIm . bnøWnUvsMeLgKYr[xøac

sEmþgxøÜndl´RB¼raCakñúgraRtI . éf¶EsðkeLIgRB¼raCaesþc

yagmkkan´vtþevLúv&n RkabTUlerOgena¼cMeBa¼RB¼tfaKt .

RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²mhabBiRt kñúgTIbMput 92 kb,

GMBIkb,en¼eTA kñúgkalénRB¼BuT§RTg´RB¼namfa pusߣ BYkeRbt

-226- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

TaMgena¼Cajatirbs´mhabBRit ánbriePaKGaharEdleK

«TÞiscMeBa¼sgÇ søab´eTAekItkñúgebtelakehIy Rtacrg:at´

eTAmk ánTUlsYrRB¼BuT§CaeRcInRB¼Gg: Edlesþc«b,tþieLIg

kñúgelak manRB¼kkusn§£ CaedIm EdlRB¼BuT§TaMgena¼Rtas´

Ráb´Baküen¼@ ehIy sgÇwmcMeBa¼TanrbsmhabBiRtrhUt

Gs´kalbu¨eNѼ . mßilmiuj kalmhabBiRtRTgfVaynUvTan

ehIy minánTTYlcMENkbuNü k¾áneFVIy¨agen¼³ . RB¼raCa

TUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn k¾kalTUlbg:MfVayTankñúg

kal}LÚven¼ eRbtTaMgena¼nwgánTTYlEdr¦ RB¼Gg: ³ ?

RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa ²mhabBiRt án³ . RB¼raCaRTg

nimnþPikçúsgÇmanRB¼BuT§CaRbFan fVaymhaTankñúgéf¶Esðk

eLIg ehIyán«TÞiscMENkbuNüfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn

sUmáy nigTwkd¾CaTiBV cUrseRmcdl´BYkeRbtTaMgena¼eday

mhaTanen¼cu¼³ . áy nigTwkd¾CaTiBVk¾ekItmandl´eRbtTaMg

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -227-

ena¼ edayRbkardUecñ¼Ég . éf¶EsðkeLIg eRbtTaMgena¼GaRkat

kaysEmþgxøÜndl´RB¼raCa . RB¼raCaTUlfa ²éf¶en¼ BYkeRbt

GaRkatkaysEmþgxøÜn dl´¹RB¼Gg:³ . RB¼sasþa Rtas´fa

²mhabBiRt RB¼Gg:minánfVaysMBt³ . lu¼EsðkeLIg RB¼-

raCafVaysMBtcIvrTaMgLaydl´PikçúsgÇ manRB¼BuT§CaRbFan

ehIyRTg«TÞiscMENkbuNüfa ²sUmsMBtd¾CaTiBVTaMgLay cUrseRmcdl´eRbtTaMgena¼GMBIcIvrTanen¼cu¼³ . kñúgxN£ena¼

Ég sMBtd¾CaTiBVk¾ánekIteLIg dl´eRbtTaMgena¼ . eRbt

TaMgena¼l¼bgGtþPaBCaeRbt taMgenAkñúgGtþPaBEdlCaTiBV .

RB¼sasþa kalnwgRTgeFVIGnuemaTna k¾RTgeFVIGnuemaTnaeday

tierakuDÐsURtfa ²tierakueDÐsu tidænþi³ CaedIm . kñúgTIbMputénkar

GnuemaTna Fm μaPism&yekItmandl´stV 8 muWn 4 Ban . RB¼

sasþa RTgRtas´erOgCdil 3 nakbgbðÚnehIy RTgnaMRB¼Fm μ

eTsnaen¼mkedayRbkardUecñ¼ .

buBVkmμrbsRB¼GK:savkTaMgBIr

PikçúTaMgLayTUlsYrfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn etIRB¼GK:-

savkTaMgBIráneFVIkm μGVITuk RB¼Gg:³ ?

RB¼sasþa Rtas´fa GK:savkTaMgBIreFVIesckIþRáfñaedIm,I

ánCaGK:savk . BitNas´ kñúgTIbMputmYyGsegçyükéRm

mYyEsnkb,GMBIPTÞkb,en¼eTA sarIbuRtekItkñúgRtkUlRBahμN_

mhasalmannamfa srTmaNB . emaK:løanekItkñúgRtkUl

KhbtImhasal mannamfa sirIvDÆnkudum<Ik_ . maNBTaMg

BIrena¼ánCasmøajelgdICamYyKña . srTmaNBedaykal

knøgeTAénbitaánRKb´RKgRTBüCaeRcIn EdlCamt’krbs´Rt-

kUl . éf¶mYy enAkñúgTIs¶atánKitfa ²eyIgrEmgdwgGtþPaB

kñúgelaken¼bu¨eNÑa¼ minGacdwgGtþPaBkñúgelakxagmuxeT Et

Fm μtaesckIþsøab´rbs´stVTaMgLay EdlekItmkehIyCarbs´

eTog . eyIgKYrEtbYsCabBVCit ehIyKb,IEsVgrkemakçFm’’ .

srTmaNBena¼ cUleTArksmøajehIy k¾niyayfa

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -229-

²sirIvDÆn_smøaj ¹nwgbYsEsVgrkemakçFm’’ elaknwgGacbYs

CamYyeyIg ¦minGaceT³ . sirIvDÆn_eqøIyfa ²¹minGaceT

smøaj elakbYsmñakÉgcu¼³ . srT£ena¼Kitfa ²Fm μtaGñk

EdleTAkanbrelaknaMsmøaj ¦jatimitþeTACamYyminman/

km μEdlxøÜneFVIehIyrEmgCarbs´xøÜnÉg³ . eBlena¼ srT-

maNB k¾[eKebIkXøaMgEkvecj[mhaTan dl´mnusßkMRBa

GñkdMeNIr mnusßsuMTan nigs μÚmyackTaMgLay cUleTAkan

eCIgPMñbYsCa}sI . CnTaMgLaybYstamsrT£ena¼edayGakar

y¨agen¼ KWmñak BIrnak bInak rhUtmanCdilRbmaN 7 mWun

4 Bannak . srTCdiljúaMgGPiBaØa 5 nigsmabtþi 8 [ekIt

ehIy Ráb´ksiNbrikm μdl´CdilTaMgena¼ . CdilTaMgLay

ena¼k¾júaMgGPiBaØa 5 nigsmabtþi 8 [ekIteLIgEdr . kñúg

sm&yena¼ RB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa GenamTsßI esþc«b,tþieLIg

kñúgelak/ nKrmaneQμa¼fa cnÞvtI kßRtRB¼namfa ysvnþ Ca

-230- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsBa¢&y

RB¼bita/ RB¼eTvI RB¼namfa yesaFra CaRB¼mata . edIm

G®g:g CakEnøgRtas´dwg/ RB¼GK:savkTaMgBIreQμa¼ nisßP£ 1

eQ μa¼ Genam£ 1 «bdæakeQ μa¼ vruN GK:savikaTaMgBIrnamfa

sunÞra 1 sumna 1 manRB¼CnμayumYyEsnqñaM/ RB¼srIr£kMBs´

58 htS/ rs μIénRB¼srIr£pßayeTArhUt 12 eyaCn_/ PikçúmYy

EsnGg:Cabrivar .

éf¶mYy kñúgevlaeTobPWøRB¼BuT§RTgRB¼namfa Genam-

TsßI esþcecjcakmhakruNasmabtþi RTgBicarNaemIl

stVelak RTgeXIjsrTtabsehIy RTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²tfaKt

eTAkansmñaksrTtabskñúgéf¶en¼Cabc©&y RB¼Fm μeTsnanwg

manKuNFM ehIysrTtabsena¼ nwgRáfñatMENgCaRB¼GK:-

savk/ sirIvDÆnkudum<Ik_EdlCasmøajrbs´tabsena¼ nwgRá-

fñatMENgCaRB¼GK:savkTIBIr kñúgkalcb´eTsna Cdil 7 muWn

4 Bannak Cabrivarrbs´tabsena¼ nwgánseRmcRB¼Grhtþ/

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -231-

tfaKtKYrEteTAkan´TIena¼³ . dUecñ¼ehIy kanáRt nigcIvrrbs´

RB¼Gg: RTgminánRtas´ehAbuK:ldéT esþcyageTAEtmYy

RB¼Gg:Ég dUcCaesþcénraCsIh_ . kalGenþvasikTaMgLay

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eXIjkñúgFm’EdlCasar£ena¼fa ²en¼minCasar£eT³ .

BIrbTfa et sarM CaedIm manGtSfa CnTaMgena¼ KWGñk

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -249-

yl´xusena¼ CaGñkmankarRti¼ri¼xusCaeKacr edayGMNacén

vitk;TaMgLay mankamvitk;CaedIm rEmgminseRmcnUvsIl-

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sar£ manRbkardUceBalehIyena¼ .

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RbmaN 60 Kafa naMesþc ( RB¼sasþa ) EdlmanRB¼xINa-

RsB 2 mWunEhhmehIy eTAkankbilBsþúburI/ RTgeFVIePøóg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -252-

eákçB&rß[CaehtuekIténerOgehIy Rtas´mhaevsßnþrCatk

kñúgsmaKmRB¼jati/ éf¶EsðkeLIg esþcyagcUleTAbiNÐát

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cakGasn£ehIyecosecjeTA edayminánRTgTTYláRt

GMBIRB¼hsSénnnÞkumarvijeLIy .

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-253- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eTIbminGacTUl ( etOn ) fa bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ²sUmRB¼Gg:

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TTYl . nnÞkumark¾Kitfa ²KgnwgRTgTTYlRtgTICiteCIgCeNþIr³ .

sUm,IkñúgTIena¼ RB¼sasþak¾minRTgTTYl . nnÞkumarKiteTotfa

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -254-

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ehIy . TukçmanRbmaNy¨agéRkElgánekIteLIgdl´RB¼raCa

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -258-

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -260-

eTA CaePT efakTabvijehIy yagen¼BitEmn¦ ?

n¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agnu+¼Emn .

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -262-

kiriyarab rEmgmindl´mYycMNit rEmgmindl´mYycMENkén

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lðCag KYr[cg´emIlCag nigKYr[RC¼føaCag³ .

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ehIyenAkñúgTidæFm’’ ³ . sUm,IeTvtak¾Ráb´esckIþen¼dl´tfaKt

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -266-

fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼nnÞáneFVICakc,as´nUvecetavimutþi

bBaØavimutþi EdlminmanGasv£ eRBa¼karGs´eTAénGasv£TaMg

Lay edaybBaØad¾RbéBrbs´xøÜnÉg seRmcehIyenAkúñgTidæ-

Fm’’ ³ . mñalnnÞ kalNacitþrbs´GñkrYcputehIycakGasv£

TaMgLay eRBa¼karminRbkanmaM/ kalena¼ tfaKtk¾rYcputGMBI

karFanaena¼Edr³ RKaena¼Ég RB¼manRB¼PaKRTg´RCabesckIþ

en¼ehIy RTgbnøW«Tanen¼kñúgevlaena¼fa ½

Pk KWkamEdlbuK:lNaqøgánehIy/ bnøa KWkam

EdlbuK:lNajaMjIánehIy buK:lena¼dl´ehIy

edaylMdab´ nUvkiriyaGs´eTAénemah£ rEmgmin

jab´j&rkñúgsux nigTukç .

RB¼nnÞRtÚvecaTRbkan´

éf¶mYy PikçúTaMgLaysYrRB¼nnÞfa ²En+ Gavuesa nnÞ kal

munelakeBalfa ²¹CaGñkGpßúkehIy/ }LÚven¼ citþrbs´elak

-267- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

y¨agNaEdr³ ? RB¼nnÞeqøIyfa ²Gavuesa karGaela¼Gal&ykñúg

PaBCaRKhsSrbs´eyIgminman³ . BYkPikçúánsþab´Baküena¼

ehIy eBalfa RB¼nnÞeBalBaküminBit BüakrnUvRB¼Gr-

htþpl/ éf¶muneBalfa ¹Gpßúk ( Et ) }LÚven¼eBalfa

esckIþGal&ykñúgPaBCaRKhsSrbs´eyIgminman dUecñ¼ehIy

eTARkabTUlesckIþena¼cMeBa¼RB¼manRB¼PaK . RB¼manRB¼PaK

Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLaykñúgéf¶mun@ GtþPaBrbsRB¼nnÞdUc

CapÞ¼EdleKRbkminlð/ ( bu¨Enþ ) }LÚven¼dUcCapÞ¼EdleKRbk´

lðehIy eRBa¼fa nnÞen¼ cab´edImBIkalEdlxøÜneXIjnageTB-

GbßrehIy BüayamedIm,IeFVInUvTIbMputénkic©rbs´bBVCit án

seRmckic©ena¼ehIy³ ánRTgPasitRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

9 yfa GKarM TucänñM vudiæ smtiviCÄti

ÉvM GPavitM citþM raeKa smtiviCÄti .

pÞ¼EdlRbkx¢Ix¢aehIy dMNkTwkePøóg rEmglic

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -268-

eRsacyagNamij citþEdlbuK:lminánGb´rM

TukehIy raK£rEmgcak´edaty¨agena¼Ég .

yfa GKarM sucänñM vudæi n smtiviCÄti

ÉvM suPavitM citþM raeKa n smtiviCÄti .

pÞ¼EdlRbklðehIy dMNkTwkePøóg rEmgminlic

eRsac y¨agNamij citþEdlbuK:lGb´rMTuklð

ehIy raK£rEmgmincakedatán yagena¼Ég .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa GKarM KWpÞ¼RbePTNamYy .

bTfa TucänñM KWEdleKRbkregVIl@ manRbehagtUc nig

FM .

bTfa smtiviCÄti KWRKab´ePøógrEmgliceRsacán .

bTfa GPavitM CaedIm esckIþfa raK£rEmgcak´edatcitþ

EdlbuK:lminánGb´rM eRBa¼CaFm μCatíq¶ayBIPavna dUcCaRKab´

-269- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

ePøógliceRsacpÞ¼ena¼sBVdUecña¼/ minEmnEtraK£müagbu¨eNÑa¼

eT/ sBVkielsTaMgLay maneTas£ emah£ nigman¼ CaedIm

k¾rEmgcakedatcitþEbbena¼dUcKñaEdr .

bTfa suPavitM ándl´ EdlánGb´rMlðehIy eday

GMNacsmfPavna nigvibsßnaPavna/ kielsTaMgLayman

raK£CaedIm rEmgminGaccakedatcitþEbbena¼áneLIy dUc

RKab´ePøógminGacliceRsacpÞ¼ EdleKRbk´lðehIyándUecña¼ .

kñúgkalcb´eTsna CnCaeRcInánseRmcGriyplTaMg

Lay manesatabtþiplCaedIm . eTsnaánmanRbeyaCn_

dl´mhaCnehIyy¨agen¼ .

RB¼nnÞRtÚvl,ÜglYgelamGMBImatuRKam

eRkaymk PikçúTaMgLaysnÞnaKñakñúgFm μsPafa ²mñal

Gavuesa EdleQμa¼fa RB¼BuT§TaMgLay CaGcäriybuK:lBit@

RB¼nnÞGaRs&ynagCnbTklüaNIGpßúkehIy RB¼sasþaRTg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -270-

eFVIBYknageTBGbßr[CaGamis ( nuy ) RTgTUn μanehIy³ . RB¼-

sasþaesþcyagmkRtas´sYrfa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay }LÚven¼

BYkGñkGg:úyRbCuMKñaedaykfaGVIhñ+ ? ³ kalPikçúTaMgena¼RkabTUl

fa ²edaykfaeQμa¼en¼³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg

LayminEmnEt}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT sUm,Ikñúgkalmun nnÞ nig

tfaKtk¾ánl,ÜglYgelamedaymatuRKamehIyRTgTUn μanEdr³

dUecñ¼ehIy EdlPikçúTaMgena¼GaraFna eTIbRTgnaMGtItniTanmk

( Rtas´fa ) ½

buBVkmμrbsRB¼nnÞ

kñúgGtItkal kalRB¼áTRBhμTtþRKb´RKgraCsm,tþi

kñúgRkúgBaraNsI ánmanQ μÜjGñkRkúgBaraNsImñak eQμa¼

kb,k£ laeQμalrbs´KatmYynaMPar£ ( vtSú ) eTAánmYykumÖ£

vaedIreTAánmYyéf¶ 7 eyaCn_/ sm&ymYy KateTAkanRkúg

tk;sila ( RBm ) TaMgPar£EdlnaMeTAedayla elglaeTAdrab

-271- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

lkTMnijGs´ . RKaena¼ laena¼RtaceTAelIxñgRbLayeXIj

emlamYyk¾cUleTArk . emlakalnwgeFVIbdisNæar£CamYy

nwglaeQμalena¼ eTIbeBalfa ²GñkmkGMBITINa ³ ?

laeQ μal¿ mkBIRkúgBaraNsI .

lajI¿ Gñkmkedaykm μGVI ?

laeQ μal¿ edaykm μrbs´QμÜj .

lajI¿ GñknaMTMnijeTAánbu¨nμan ?

laeQ μal¿ TMnijRbmaNmYykumÖ£ .

lajI¿ kalGñknaMTMnijRbmaNbu¨eNÑa¼eTA eTAán

bu¨nμaneyaCn_ ?

laeQ μal¿ án 7 eyaCn_ .

lajI¿ kñúgTIEdlGñkeTAehIy emlaNamYy Edl

CaGñkeFVIkarRcác´eCIg ¦Kkxñg[dl´GñkmanEdr¦eT ?

laeQ μal¿ En+ emd¾ceRmIn minmaneT .

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -272-

lajI¿ kalebIdUecña¼ GñkrEmgesaynUvTukçFM ? Bit

Nas´ EdleQ μa¼fa GñkeFVIkm μmankarRcác´eCIg CaedIm

sRmab´stVtircäanTaMgLayrEmgminmanedayBit bu¨Enþemla

eBalBaküEbbena¼ edIm,ITakTgdl´kamsMeyaCn£/ la

eQ μalena¼ GpßúkeLIgehIyedayBakürbs´emlaena¼ .

cMENkkb,kBaNiC¢ lkTMnijGs´ehIyeTAkanTIEdl

lasñakenAehIyeBalfa ²En+ á GñkcUrmk eyIgnwgeTA ³ la

eQ μalena¼eqøIyfa ²elakcUreTAcu¼/ ¹mineTAeT³ lMdab´ena¼

naykb,k£GgVrlaeQμalena¼ehIy GgVreTot Kitfa ²eyIgnwg

júaMglaEdlminRáfñanwgeTAena¼[xøacehIynwgnaMeTA³ dUecñ¼

ehIy eBalKafaen¼fa ½

eyIgnwgeFVICnøÜjmanbnøaRsÜcRbEvg 16 Gg:úlI

dl´Ég/ eyIgcakkayrbs´Ég En+la GñkÉg

cUrdwgyagen¼cu¼³ .

-273- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

laánsþab´Baküena¼ehIy eqøIytbfa ²kalebIdUecña¼/

¹m©as´k¾nwgdwgkic©EdlKYreFVIdl´elakEdr³ dUecñ¼ehIy eBal

Kafaen¼fa ½

elaknwgeFVICnøÜjmanbnøaRsÜcRbEvg 16 Gg:úlI

dl´¹m©as´ ¹m©as´nwgERCgGMBIxagmux nwgRáy

eLIgGMBIxageRkay ehIyjúaMgTMnijrbs´elak

[FøakeTA/ kb,k£ elakcUrdwgyagen¼cu¼ .

QμÜjánsþab´Baküen¼ehIy eTIbRti¼ri¼fa ²edayehtu

dUcemþchñ+ laen¼eTIbeBalBaküen¼nwgeyIg³ ? dUecñ¼ehIy

kalrmilemIlxagena¼xagen¼ eXIjemlaena¼ehIy Kitfa

laen¼RbEhlCaRtÚvemlaen¼beRgónehIyy¨agen¼/ eyIgcaM

ácRtÚvl,ÜgvaedaymatuRKamfa eyIgnaMemEdlmanrUby¨ag

en¼mk[Ég . ehIynwgnaMeTA dUecñ¼ eTIbeBalKafaen¼fa ½

²eyIgnwgnaMemlaRkmMu maneCIg 4 manmuxdUc

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼nnÞetSr -274-

s&gç manGvyv£TaMgBYgd¾lð mkCaPriyarbs´

Ég En+la GñkÉgcUrdwgy¨agen¼cu¼ ³ .

laánsþab´Baküena¼ehIy k¾mancitþeRtkGr eBal

Kafaen¼fa ½

²elaknwgnaMemlaRkmMu maneCIg 4 manmuxdUc

s&gç manGvyv£TaMgBYgd¾lð mkCaPriyarbs´¹

m©as´/ bBiRtkb,k£ elakcUrdwgy¨agen¼cu¼ ¹

m©as´nwgeTA[rh&séRkElgdl´ 14 eyaCn_ .

RKaena¼ naykb,k£ k¾eBalnwglaena¼fa ²ebIdUecña¼

ÉgcUrmkcu¼ ³ dUecñ¼ehIy ánTajeTAkanTIrbs´xøÜn . laena¼

edaykalknøgeTABIrbIéf¶ eTIbeBalnwgnaykb,k£fa ²elak

ánniyaynwg¹m©as´fa nwgnaMPriyamk[Ég/ dUecñ¼minEmn¦³

naykb,k£eqøIyfa eGI eyIgeBalBitEmnehIy/ eyIgnwgmin

TmøayBakúürbs´xøÜneT/ nwgnaMPriyamk[Ég/ EteyIgnwg[Ga-

-275- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

hardl´ÉgEtmñakbu¨eNÑa¼/ Gaharena¼RKb´RKandl´ÉgEdlman

RbBn§CaKRmb´BIr ¦minRKb´RKankIþ ÉgKb,IdwgxøÜnÉgcu¼ sUm,I

kUnTaMgLayEdlGaRs&ykarrYmsgVasrbs´ÉgTaMgBIr k¾ekIt

eLIg/ Gaharena¼RKb´RKandl´Ég nigkUnCaeRcInkIþ ¦minRKb´

RKankIþ/ ÉgcUrdwgxøÜnÉgcu¼³ . kalnaykb,k£ena¼eBaldUecña¼

laena¼k¾Gs´nUvesckIþGal&y .

RB¼sasþa lu¼RTgnaMRB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼mkehIy RTg

júaMgCatk[cb´eTAedayRB¼tRmas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay em

lakñúgkalena¼ánmkCanagCnbTklüaNI/ laeQμalán

mkCannÞ/ QμÜjánmkCatfaKt/ sUm,Ikñúgkalmun nnÞen¼

k¾ántfaKtl,ÜgedaymatuRKam TUnμanehIyedayRbkary¨ag

en¼³ dUecñ¼Ég >�

( erOgRB¼nnÞ cb´ )

r e s

10 erOgnaycunÞsUkrik

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAvtþevLúv&n RTgRárB§burseQ μa¼

cunÞsUkrik Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F esacti ebc©

esacti³ CaedIm .

naycunÞciBa©wmCIvitedaykarciBa©wmRCÚklk´

án|mkfa naycunÞsUkrikena¼ smøab´RCÚkTaMgLay

suIpg lkpg ciBa©wmCIvitGs´ 55 qñaM . kñúgkalEdlGñk

CnbT manesckIþGtXøan RsÚveLIgéfø KatykreT¼pÞúkRsÚvnaM

eTAkanCnbT dUrkUnRCÚkGñkRsúkedayRsÚvRbmaNmYynaLi

¦k¾BIrnaLi pÞúkeBjreT¼ehIy RtLb´mkvij Bn§BT§TIkEnøg

mYy dUcCaeRkalxageRkayTIlMenA ehIydaMbEnøkñúgTIena¼Ég

edIm,IkUnRCÚkTaMgena¼/ kalkUnRCÚkTaMgena¼TMBasuInUvbEnøepßg@

xø¼ srIrvlBa¢£ ( kMEGlénsrIr£ ) xø¼ k¾FMFateLIg/ ( Kat )

-277- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

mankarRáfñaedIm,Inwgsmøab´nUvRCÚkNa@ k¾cgRCÚkena¼@ [maM

enAnwgTIsmøab´ ehIyvayedayeQI 4 RCúg edIm,I[sac´kñúg

srIr£RCÚkeágeLIgRkas´ dwgfa sacRkas´eLIgehIy k¾ebIk

mats‘kkMNateQIcUleTAkñúgcenøa¼éneFμj dgTwkekþAEdl

kMBugBu¼eRsac cUleTAkñúgmatedaynaLielah£ TwkekþAena¼

cUleTAkñúgeBa¼TaMgBu¼ekþA naMyknUvkrIsecjmktamcMENk

xageRkam ( TVarlamk ) krIsbnþicenAmandrabNa rEmgecj

CaTwklðkdrabena¼ kaleBa¼sðatehIy/ eTIbecjCaTwkføa

CaTwkminlðk/ eBlena¼ eTIbKatcakTwkEdlenAsl´elIxñg

RCÚkena¼ . Twkena¼júaMgEs,kexμA[rebIkecj . kñúglMdab´ena¼

eTIbKateralnUveramTaMgLayedayKb´es μA ehIykatk,al

edaydavd¾mut . RtgQamEdlhUrecjedayPaCn£ RcácnUv

sacedayQam ehIycMGin Gg:úyTMBasuIrYmCamYynwgPriya

RBmTaMgbutþ lk´nUvsacd¾ess .

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -278-

kalKatciBa©wmCIvitedayTMngen¼ena¼Ég eBlevlaán

knøgeTA 55 qñaM . kalRB¼tfaKtRTgKgenAkñúgFurvihar/ karbUCa

edayp;aRtwmEtmYykþab´kIþ karfVayPikçaRtwmEtmYyEvkkIþ buNü

déTsUm,IEtbnþickIþ minánmanehIysUm,IEtmYyéf¶ .

RKaena¼ eraKekIteLIgkñúgsrIr£rbs´Kat kMedAkñúg

GvIcimhanrkRákddl´KatTaMgkMBugrs´enA .

GvIcimhanrkekþACagePIøgFmμta

EdleQμa¼fakMedAkñúgGvIcimhanrk rEmgCasPav£Edl

GacTMlaynUvEPñkTaMgLay rbs´GñkEdlQrsmøwgemIlenA

kñúgTIRbmaNmYyryeyaCn_án . smdUcBakü EdlRB¼man

RB¼PaKRtas´TukdUecñ¼fa ½

²kMedAkñúgGvIcimhanrk pßayeTAánrhUt 1

ryeyaCn_edayCMuvij taMgenARKbkal³ .

ehIyeRBa¼ehtuEtkMedAenAkñúgGvIcinrkena¼ manRbmaN

-279- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

éRkElgCagkMedAénePIøgFm μta eTIbRB¼naKesnetSreBal«bma

en¼Tukfa ²mhabBiRt sUm,IfμRbmaNbu¨npÞ¼kMBUl Edldakcu¼

eTAkñúgePIøgnrk rEmgdlkarrlaymYyrMeBcy¨agNa cMENk

ÉstVEdlekItkñúgnrkena¼ dUcCastVEdltaMgkñúgépÞénmata

rEmgminrlYyeTAeRBa¼kmøaMgénkm μ .

naycunÞ£esayplkmμTan´hn

kalkMedAena¼Rákddl´naycunÞsUkrikena¼ehIy/ Ga-

kar£d¾smKYrdl´km μk¾ekIteLIg . KatERsksMeLgdUcCaRCÚk

( ERskdUcCaRCÚk ) RtaceTAedayCg:gEtkñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég/ mþgeTA

kanTisxagekIt mþgeTAkanTisxaglic .

RKaena¼ BYkmnusßEdlenAkñúgpÞ¼rbs´Kat cab´Katy¨ag

maMehIybiTmat . Fm μtaplénkm μ KμannrNamñakGacham

XatáneLIy . KatedIrERskeTAxagena¼pg xagen¼pg .

mnusßkñúgpÞ¼ 7 xñgedayCuMvij minGacedklkán . mü¨ageTot

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -280-

mnusßkñúgpÞ¼TaMgGs´ kalminGachamnUvkarecjeTAxag

eRkArbs´Kat EdlRtÚvmrNP&yKRmamehIy eTIbbiTTVarpÞ¼

Gg:úyrkßaxageRkApÞ¼ edayRbkarEdlKat´enAxagkñúg minGac

nwgRtaceTAxageRkAán .

esayplkmμkñúgsm,rayPB

naycunÞsUkrik edIrERskmþgeTAxageNa¼ mþgmk

xageN¼ xagkñúgpÞ¼ena¼Ég edaykMedAénePIøgnrk . Kat´Rtac

eTArhUtGs 7 éf¶ . kñúgéf¶TI 8 eFVIkalkiriyaehIyeTAekItkñúg

GvIcimhanrk . GvIcimhanrk GñkRáCJKb,IBN’natameTv-

TUtsURtcu¼ .

BYkPikçúylfaKat´smøabRCÚkeFVIviFImg:l

BYkPikçúkalnimnþeTAtamTVarpÞ¼rbs´Kat án|sMeLg

ena¼ehIy sm:al´fa ²sMeLgRCÚk³ eTAkanvihar Gg:úykñúg

smñakRB¼sasþa ehIyRkabTUly¨agen¼fa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾

-281- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

ceRmIn kalRCÚkTaMgLayEdlnaycunÞsUkrikbiTTVar pÞ¼smøab´/

éf¶en¼Caéf¶TI 7/ mg:lNa@RbEhlCamankñúgpÞ¼ ( rbs´Kat )/

bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmInemtþacitþ ¦kruNacitþ sUm,IEtmYyrbs

KatEdlCaGñksmøab´RCÚkTaMgLay manRbmaNbu¨eNѼk¾min

man/ k¾stVEdlCaGñkkaceXareXAy¨agen¼ ¹RB¼Gg:TaMg-

LayminFøab´áneXIjesa¼eLIy³ .

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay naycunÞsUkrik

smøab´RCÚkrhUtGs´ 7 éf¶en¼k¾eT . bu¨EnþplEdlsmKYrdl´

km μekIteLIgehIydl´Kat kMedAénePIøgkñúgGvIcimhanrkRákd

dl´KatTaMgEdlenArsena¼Ég/ edaykMedAénePIøgnrkena¼ Kat´

ERskdUcRCÚkRtaceTAkñúgnievsn_rhUtGs´ 7 éf¶ . éf¶en¼eFVIkal

kiriyaehIy ( eTA ) ekItkñúgGvIci³ kalBYkPikçúRkabTUlfa ²bBiRt

RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn KatesakesAy¨agen¼kñúgelaken¼ehIy eTA

ekItkñúgzanEdlCaTIesakesAdEdleTot¦³ ? RB¼sm μasm<úT§

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgcunÞsUkrik -282-

Rtas´fa ²eGI y¨agena¼ mñalPikçúTaMgLay EdleQμa¼fa Gñk

RbmaTehIy eTa¼bICaRKhsSk¾eday bBVCitk¾eday rEmgesak

esAkñúgelakTaMgBIredayBitRákd³ dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´

RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

10 }F esacti ebc© esacti ábkarI «PytS

esacti esa esacti esa vihBaØti TisVa

kmμlidæmtþena .

buK:lGñkeFVIáb EtgesakesAkñúgelakTaMgBIr

KWesakesAkñúgelaken¼ 1 kñúgelakxagmux 1

buK:lena¼ rEmgesakesA ekþARkhay eRBa¼

eXIjGMeBIesAhμgrbs´xøÜn .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa ábkarI CaedIm esckIþfabuK:l

GñkeFVIábkm μmanRbkarepßg@ rEmgesakesAkñúgelaken¼ kñúg

-283- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eBlCitsøab´edaycMENkmYyBitRákd edayKitfa ²km μlð

eyIgminTanáneFVITuk km μGaRkkeyIgeFVITukehIy³ en¼Cakar

esakesAeRBa¼km μrbs´xøÜn/ k¾kaleKesaypl rEmgesak

esAkñúgelakxagmux en¼CaesckIþesakesAeRBa¼viákkñúg

elakxagmuxrbseK/ eKrEmgesakesAkñúgelakTaMgBIryag

en¼Ég/ edayehtuena¼Ég sUm,InaycunÞsUkrikena¼ k¾esak

esATaMgEdlxøÜnenArs´ .

áTRB¼Kafafa TisVa kmμkilidæmtþena esckIþfa eK

eXIjkm μd¾esAhμgrbs´xøÜnehIy rEmgesakesAedayRbkar

epßg@ EdleQ μa¼fa rEmgekþARkhay KWrEmglMák .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa PikçúCaeRcInánseRmcCaRB¼Griy-

buK:l manesatabnñ CaedIm eTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_

dl´ mhaCnedayRbkardUecñ¼Ég .

( erOgnaycunÞsUkrik cb´ )

r o s

11 erOgFm μik«ásk

esckIþxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAvtþeCtBn RTgRárB§Fm’μik«á-

sk Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F emaTti ebc© emaTTi³

CaedIm .

«ásk nig RkúmRKÜsarbMeBjkuslCanic©

án|mkfa kñúgRkúgsavtSI man«áskGñkbdibtþi

Fm’RbmaN 500 nak . bNþa«áskTaMgena¼ mYyrUb@ man

«áskCabrivarRáMry@ «áskEdlCaRbFanén«áskTaMg

ena¼manbuRt 7 nak FIta 7 nak . bNþabuRt nigFItaTaMgena¼

mñak@manslakyaKU/ slakPtþ/ bkçikPtþ/ sgÇPtþ/

«eásfikPtþ/ GaKnþúkPtþ/ vsßavasikPtþmYy@ . CnTaMgena¼

ánCaGñkeQμa¼fa GnuCatbuRtTaMgGs´Kña . ( CakarEdlsMEdg

fa ) slakyaKUCaedImmYy@ KWrbs´buRt 14 nak rbs´Priya

-285- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

mñak rbs´«áskmñak rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedayRbkardUecñ¼ .

«áskRBmTaMgbuRt nigPriyaCaGñkmansIl manklüaN-

Fm’ manesckIþeRtkGrkñúgkarEckTan edayRbkardUecñ¼ . RKa

eRkaymk eraKekIteLIgdl´Kat . GayusgçarsabsUnüeday

CuMvij .

«áskQWedksþabFm’

«áskRáfñanwgsþab´Fm’eTIbbBa¢Ún ( mnusß ) eTAkan

smñakRB¼sasþa edayRkabTUlfa ²sUmRB¼Gg:emtþabBa¢ÚnPikçú

8 rUb ¦ 16 rUb dl´¹RB¼Gg: . RB¼sasþa RTgbBa¢ÚnPikçú

TaMgLayeTA . PikçúTaMgena¼nimnþeTAehIyGg:úyelIGasn£Edl

eKRkalTukCMuvijERKrbs«ásk «áskeBalfa ²bBiRtelak

m©asd¾ceRmIn kareXIjelakm©asd¾ceRmInTaMgLay nwgCarbs

Edl¹RB¼kruNaánedaylMák/ ¹kruNaCamnusßTuBVlPaB/

sUmelakm©as´TaMgLay sVaFüaynUvRB¼sURtNamYydl´

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -286-

¹RB¼Gg:cu¼ .

eTIbsYrfa ²mñal«ásk elakRáfñanwgsþab´nUvsURt

Na³ ? kal«áskRáb´fa ²stib,dæansURtEdlRB¼BuT§RKb´

RB¼Gg:minRTgl¼bgehIy³ eTIbepþImsUFüRB¼sURtfa ²Ékay

ena GyM Pikçev meK:a stþanM visuT§iya³ CaedIm ²mñalPikçú

TaMgLay pøÚven¼CapøÚvmUlEtmYyRbRBwtþeTAedIm,IesckIþbrisuT§

énstVTaMgLay³ .

eTvtanaMrfmkTTYl«áskeTAeTvelak

kñúgxN£ena¼ rf 6 eRKÓg Rbdab´edayGlg;arRKb´y¨ag

Twmedayes¼sin§BmYyBan TMhM 155 eyaCn_ mkGMBIeTvelak

6 Can . eTvtaEdlQrenAelIrfTaMgena¼ mñak@ k¾GeBaI¢jfa

²bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn eyIgnwgnaMelakeTAkaneTvelakrbs

eyIg eyIgnwgnaMelakeTAkaneTvelakrbs´eyIg/ sUmelak

ekItkñúgTIen¼ edIm,IesckIþeRtkGrkñúgeTvelakrbseyIg dUc

-287- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

buK:lEdlTmøayPaCn£dI ehIykanykPaCn£mas³ .

«áskminRáfñanwg[GnþraydlkarsþabFm’ eTIbeBal

fa ²GñkTaMgLay cUrbgðgsin cUrbgðgsin³ .

BYkPikçú nig buRtFItarbs«áskylxus

PikçúmYyGg:@ Qb´es¶ómedayylfa ²«áskniyay

mkkanBYkeyIg³ . RKaena¼ buRt nigFItarbs´«áskKitfa

²bitarbs´BYkeyIgBImun CaGñkminEqðtedaykarsþab´Fm’/ Et

}LÚven¼ Rsab´Et[nimnþPikçúmkeFVIkasVaFüayehIy Xateday

xøÜnÉg EdleQ μa¼fa stVGñkminxøaccMeBa¼esckIþsøab´ min

man³ dUecñ¼ehIy k¾ányMknÞkkenÞj .

BYkPikçúRbwkßaKñafa ²}LÚven¼minCa{kas³ eTIbeRkakGMBI

Gasn£ecosecjeTA «áskjúaMgevlabnþic[knøgeTAehIy

RtLb´áns μartIsYrkUn@fa eRBa¼ehtuGVI eTIbBYkÉgnaMKñaknÞk´

kenÞj³ ?

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -288-

BYkbuRtk¾Ráb´fa ²bBiRtbita bita[nimnþPikçúmkehIy

sþab´Fm’ hamXatedayxøÜnÉg/ kalebIdUecñ¼ BYk¹k¾Kitfa

eQ μa¼fa stVGñkminxøacesckIþsøab´ minman³ dUecñ¼ eTIbknÞk´

kenÞj .

«¿ k¾elakm©as´d¾ceRmInTaMgLay eTANaGs´ ?

bu¿ bBiRtbita elakm©as´d¾ceRmInTaMgLay elakniyay

Kñafa ²minCa{kas eRkakcakGasn£ecosecjeTAehIy³ .

«¿ bitaminánniyayCamYynwgelakm©as´d¾ceRmInena¼eT .

bu¿ ebIdUecñ¼ bitaniyayCamYynwgnrNa ?

eTvtaRbdab´rf 6 eRKÓg naMmkGMBIeTvelak 6 Canct

enAB§d¾GakasmYyGg:@eFVInUvsMeLgfa sUmelakcUreRtkGrkñúg

eTvelakrbs´¹m©as´/ sUmelakeRtkGrkñúgeTvelakrbs´¹

m©as´ bitaniyayCamYynwgeTvtaTaMgena¼ .

bu¿ bBiRtbita rfenATINa BYk¹mineXIj ?

-289- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

«¿ k¾kRmgp;aedIm,Ibita manEdreT ?

bu¿ bBiRtbita man .

«¿ eTvelakCanNa KYrCaTIeRtkGrCag .

bu¿ bBiRtRB¼bita PBtusitEdlCaTIenAénRB¼eBaFistV

RKb´RB¼Gg: énRB¼BuT§mata nigénRB¼BuT§bita CaTIeRtkGrCag .

«¿ ebIdUecña¼ BYkkUnÉgcUrGFidæanfa ²sUmkRmgp;aen¼cUr

ctenAhñwgrfEdlmkGMBIPBtusit/ dUecñ¼ehIy cUreá¼kRmgp;a

eTAcu¼³ .

buRtTaMgLayena¼áneá¼kRmgp;aeTA . kRmgp;aena¼

ánCab´hñwgnwménrfsMyugcu¼B§d¾Gakas . mhaCneXIjEt

kRmgp;aena¼ mineXIjrfeT . «áskniyayfa GñkTaMgLay

eXIjkRmgp;aena¼eT³ ? kalbuRteqøIyfa ²eXIj³ eTIbeBal

fa ²kRmgp;aena¼BüÜrenAhñwgrfEdlmkGMBItusit eyIgnwgeTA

kantusit BYkÉgkuMRBÜyeLIy/ BYkÉgmanesckIþRáfñanwg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -300-

ekItkñúgsmñakrbs´eyIg k¾cUreFVIbuNüTaMgLaytamTMngEdl

eyIgeFVIehIycu¼ dUecñ¼ehIy eFVIkalkiriya bdisn§ienAelIrf

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Rbdab´edayeRKÓgGlg;ar 60 reT¼ekItehIykñúgxN£ena¼Ég .

mannageTBGbßrmYyBan´ecameram . vimanEkvRbmaN 25

eyaCn_ ekItRákdehIy .

RB¼sasþa Rtas´sYrPikçúTaMgena¼ EdlCaGñkmkdl´

viharehIyedaylMdab´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay «áskánsþab´

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kenÞj/ BYk¹RB¼Gg:k¾RbwkßaKñafa kñúgkal}LÚven¼ minCa

{kas/ eTIbeRkakcakGasn£ecjmk³ .

mñalPikçúTaMgLay «áskena¼mináneBalhñwgBYkGñk

-301- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

eT/ k¾eTvtaRbdab´rf 6 eRKÓg naMmkGMBIeTvelak 6 Can´

GeBa¢Ij«áskena¼ elakminRáfñanwgeFVIGnþraydlkarsEmþg

Fm’ eTIbeBalhñwgeTvtaTaMgena¼ .

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agena¼BitEmn¦ ?

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼Ég .

P¿ }LÚven¼ «áskena¼ekItenATINa ?

s¿ mñalPikçúTaMgLay kñúgtusiteTvelak .

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn «áskena¼ánnUvkarrIkray

kñúgkNþalénRkúmjatienAkñúgelaken¼ehIy }LÚven¼ekItenA

kñúgzanmYyEdlCaTIrIkraydEdleTot¦ ?

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eRBa¼buK:lGñkminRbmaTehIyTaMgLay eTa¼bICaRKhsSkIþ bBV-

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ehIy ánRtasRB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgFm μiká«sk -302-

11 }F emaTti ebc© emaTti ktbueBaØa «PytS emaTti

esa emaTti esa bemaTti TisVa kmμvisuT§imtþena .

buK:lGñkeFVIbuNüTuk rEmgrIkraykñúgelakTaMgBIr

KWrIkraykñúgelaken¼ 1 rIkraykñúgelakxagmux 1

buK:lena¼ rEmgrIkrayRss´Rsay eRBa¼eXIj

GMeBIbrisuT§rbs´xøÜn .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa ktbueBaØa CaedIm esckIþfa

buK:lGñkeFVIkuslmanRbkarepßg@ rEmgrIkrayedaykarrIk-

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lðeyIgáneFVIehIyhñ+³ l¼bgelaken¼eTAehIy rEmgrIkray

edaykarrIkrayeRBa¼viák/ eQμa¼fa rEmgrIkraykñúgelakTaMg

BIr y¨agen¼Ég .

bTfa kmμvisuT§w CaedIm esckIþfa sUm,IFm μik«áskk¾

-303- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

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kalmunGMBIkareFVIkalkiriya rEmgrIkraysUm,Ikñúgelaken¼/

eFVIkalkiriyasøab´eTAehIy }LÚven¼k¾rEmgrIkray KWrEmgrIk

rayéRkElgBit sUm,Ikñúgelakxagmux .

kalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcInánCaRB¼GriybuK:l man

esatabnñCaedIm/ RB¼Fm μeTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_dl´

mhaCn dUecñ¼Ég >�

( erOgFm μik«ásk cb´ )

r 2 s

12 erOgeTvTtþ

esckIþxagedIm

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CaedIm .

skü£TaMg 6 Gg:RTg´RB¼pñÜs

erOgRB¼eTvTtþ RB¼sasþaRtas´CatkTaMgGs´ EdlRTg

RárB§RB¼eTvTtþ[BisþarehIy taMgBIevlaEdlpñÜsrhUtdl´

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teTAen¼ ½

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-305- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

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TaMg 6 en¼RbEhlCaminEmnRB¼jatieTdwg ? eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIb

minánRTgRB¼pñÜs³ .

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fa ²mñalbðÚn GñkEdlecjbYsGMBIRtkUlrbs´eyIgminTanman/

bðÚnÉgbYs ¦k¾bgbYs³ GnuruT§kumarena¼CakßRtsuxumalCati

manePaKsm,ÚN’ sUm,IBaküfa ²minman³ RB¼Gg:k¾minFøab´RTg

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bBa¢Ún ( mnusß ) eTAedIm,IRtÚvkarnM . RKaena¼ RB¼matarbselak

RTgcatEcgnMbBa¢ÚneTA . kßRtTaMgLayesayehIy RTgelg

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -306-

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RB¼matakalRB¼GnuruT§bBa¢ÚnmnusßeTAehIyeTAeTot k¾bBa¢ÚnnM

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sm:al´fa ²nMen¼nwgCanMEbøkmYyRbePT³ eRBa¼RTgminFøab´án|

Baküfa ²minman³ k¾bBa¢ÚnmnusßeTAfa ²cUrnaMnMminmanena¼mk

cu¼³ .

cMENkRB¼matarbs´RB¼GnuruT§ kalGñkbeRmITUlfa

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-307- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

( sUmkuM[¹RB¼ Gg:ánsþab´nUvBaküfa ( minman ) kuMs:al´TI

ekIténePaK£/ ebIRB¼GnuruT§en¼nwgRTgeXIjfasTeTesat/ BYk

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EtkßRtTaMg 6 Gg:ena¼ dakcMNitena¼nMcUleTAkñúgRB¼{sæPøam

k¾pßayTUeTAeBjRbsaT sRmab´TTYlrsTaMg 7 Ban .

RB¼kumarena¼RTgRB¼tRmi¼fa ²eyIgRbEhlminCaTIRs-

Lajrbs´RB¼mataehIyemIleTA eTIbRB¼mataminRTgeFVInMmin

manen¼RbTandl´eyIgrhUtGs´evlaRbmaNbu¨eNѼ/ cab´taMg

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Lajrbs´RB¼mata ¦k¾minCaTIRsLajeT³ ?

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -308-

m¿ En+ kUn kUnÉgrEmgCaTIRsLajy¨agéRkElgrbs´

RB¼mata dUcdYgEPñkrbs´GñkEdlmanEtEPñkmçag nigdUcdYgcitþ

rbs´RB¼mata dUecña¼ .

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eFVInMminmanRbTan[dl´TUlRB¼bg:MCa¹ rhUtGs´kalmanRb-

maNbu¨eNѼ .

RB¼nagsaksYrmhatlikEdlsñiT§sñalfa ²nMGVI@ man

enAkñúgfas¦³ ? mhatlikTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼nagm©as´ fas

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nIharáneFVITukehIy/ eTvtaTaMgLaynwgdaknM[eBjfas

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-309- FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT

mksUm,IRB¼nag kalRB¼kumarena¼TUlfa ²buRtRtÚvkaresay

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dl´kumarena¼ . eTvtaTaMgLaybBa¢ÚnnMTiBVfVayRB¼kumarena¼

rhUtEdlelakenACaXravas .

skü£TaMgBIrsnÞnaKñaGMBIerOgbYs nig kargar

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bu¨eNѼ nwgRTgRCabdlkarbYsányagNa ? eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIb

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kargarrbs´Xravascu¼ bNþaeyIgTaMgBIrnak RbsinebIminman

ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -310-

nrNamñakbYsminsmKYresa¼eLIy³ .

xN£ena¼ GnuruT§kumarTUlsYrRB¼m©as´bgfa ²EdleQ μa¼

fakargarena¼ etIdUcemþcEdr ? kulbuRtEdlmindwgsUm,ITIekIt

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skü£TaMg 3 snÞnaKñaGMBITIekIténPtþ

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fa ²RsÚvTaMgen¼ekIteLIgGMBICRgúkena¼Ég³ .

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ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ -312-

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kmøaMgena¼ bBiRtmiKraC ¹sUmRkabfVaybg:MGñk

eyIgRtÚvánsacbnþicbnþÜcxø¼³ .

GñkcUleTAtamcenøa¼éneF μjrbs¹ EdlCaGñksuI

( sac ) nigQam eFVInUvGMeBIGaRkkTaMgLayCanic©

rs´enAedaysacNa sac´ena¼ maneRcIn³ .

RTgRárB§karBüayamedIm,Inwgsmøab´ ( RB¼Gg: ) rbs´

RB¼eTvTtþena¼eTot Rtas´CatkTaMgLaymanCaGaT#fa ½

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -330-

²mñaledImcm,kTaMgLay GñkCRmú¼Epømkedayehtu

Na ehtuena¼GjCaGñkeRbIándwgehIy GjnwgeTA

kanedImcm,kÉeTot Epørbs´GñkGjmineBjcitþeT³(1)

.

kalenARbRBwtþeTAeTotfa ²RB¼eTvTtþsabsUnüehIy

cakQan 2 Rbkar KW caklaP nigsk;ar£ 1 Rbkar cak

samBaØpl 1 Rbkar³ RB¼manRB¼PaKRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg

Lay minEmnEt}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,IkñúgkalmuneTvTtþ

(1) kurug:miKCatk (2) «PetaPdæCatk

k¾sabsUnüehIyEdr . dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´CatkTaMgLay

CaedImfa ½

²EPñkTaMgLayEbkFøayehIy sMBtátehIy kar

eQøa¼k¾mankñúgpÞ¼én®sþICasmøaj kargarTaMgLay

xUcTaMgsgxag KWkñúgTwkpg elIeKakpg³(2) .

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgRkúgraCRKw¼ RTgRárB§eTvTtþ

-331- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

Rtas´CatkCaeRcInedayRbkaryagena¼ehIy esþcyagecj

cakRkúgraCRKw¼eTAkanRkúgsavtSI RTgKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBnmha

vihar .

RB¼eTvTtþ[savknaMeTAKal´RB¼sasþa

cMENkeTvTtþmanCm¶WGs 9 Ex/ kñúgkalCacugeRkay

RáfñanwgKal´RB¼sasþa eTIbRáb´BYksavkrbs´xøÜnfa ²eyIg

RáfñanwgKal´RB¼sasþa GñkTaMgLaycUrsEmþgRB¼sasþaena¼

dl´eyIgcu¼³ kalsavkTaMgena¼eqøIyfa kñúgkalEdlelak

enACaGñkGac ánRbRBwtþCaGñkmaneBornwgRB¼sasþa/ ¹m©as´

TaMgLaynwgminnaMelakeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþaeT³ eTIbeBal

fa ²elakTaMgLaykuM[eyIgvinaseLIy eyIgáncgGaXat

kñúgRB¼sasþaehIyEmn/ bu¨Enþfa RB¼sasþamincgKMnuMcMeBa¼eyIg

sUm,IRbmaNbu¨ncugskeT³ BitNas´ RB¼manRB¼PaKena¼ ½

RTg´manRB¼T&yd¾es μIkñúgbuK:lTUeTA KWkñúgnayxμan

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -332-

FñÚ kñúgeTvTtþ kñúgecarGg:úlImal_ kñúgdMrIFnál

nigkñúgRB¼rahul .

eRBa¼dUecña¼ eTIbeTvTtþGgVrehIyGgVreTotfa ²sUmelak

TaMgLay cUrsEmþgRB¼manRB¼PaKdl´eyIg³ . eBlena¼ eTIb

savkTaMgena¼naMeTvTtþena¼ecjeTAedayERKtUc PikçúTaMgLay

án|dMNwgfa ²eTvTtþmk eTIbRkabTUlRB¼sasþafa bBiRt

RB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn án|dMNwgfa eTvTtþmkKal´RB¼Gg:³ . RB¼

sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþena¼nwgmináneXIj

tfaKtedayGtþPaBen¼eT³ . án|fa BYkPikçúrEmgminán

eXIjRB¼BuT§eTot cab´edImBIkalEdlxøÜnsUmvtSú 5 Rbkar/

sPav£en¼rEmgCaFm μta/ BYkPikçúRkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾

ceRmIn eTvTtþmkdl´TIÉeNa¼ nigTIÉeNa¼ehIy³ .

s¿ eTvTtþcUreFVIGMeBIÉNaEdlxøÜnRáfñacu¼/ ( Ety¨agNa

k¾eday ) eTvTtþk¾minGaceXIjtfaKtáneLIy .

-333- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

P¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn eTvTtþmkdl´TIRbmaN 1

eyaCn_GMBITIen¼ehIy/ ( ehIyTUlt@eTAeTotfa ) bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn enAsl´knø¼eyaCn_eTotmkdl´ehIy/ bBiRtRB¼Gg:

d¾ceRmIn enAslmYyKavuteTotmkdl´ehIy/ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾

ceRmIn mkdl´TICitRs¼eákçrNIEk,rvtþeCtBnehIy .

s¿ sUm,IeTvTtþnwgcUlmkxagkñúgvtþeCtBnk¾eday/ eK

k¾nwgmináneXIjtfaKtEdr .

RB¼eTvTtþRtÚvFrNIRsÚb

BYksavknaMRB¼eTvTtþmkehIy dakERKenAelIRs¼

eákçrNIEk,rvtþeCtBnehIy k¾cu¼eTAedIm,IgUtTwkkñúgRs¼-

eákçrNIena¼ .

sUm,IRB¼eTvTtþ k¾eRkakeLIgGMBIERKehIyGg:úydakeCIg

TaMgBIrelIEpndI eCIgTaMgBIrena¼k¾liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndI elak

liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndIehIyedaylMdab´ KWRtwmkeCIg/ RtwmCg:g/

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -334-

Rtwmceg;¼/ Rtwmeda¼/ rhUtdl´Rtwmk/ kñúgeBlEdlcg;ataMgenA

elIEpndI áneBalKafaen¼fa ½

¹RB¼Gg:sUmdl´RB¼BuT§Gg:ena¼ CabuK:ld¾RbesIr

CaeTvtaknøgbgnUveTvta CasarfI CaGñkTUnμannUv

nrCn manRB¼ckçúedayCuMvij manRB¼lkçN£

( mYy@ ) ekItedaybuNüTaMgryfaCaTIBwg eday

qðwgTaMgen¼ RBmTaMgCIvit .

án|fa ²RB¼tfaKtRTgeXIjnUvehtuen¼ eTIbGnuBaØat

[eTvTtþbYs . RbsinebI RB¼eTvTtþena¼minánbYseT/ enACa

RKhsSvijnwgeFVIkm μd¾F¶n/ nwgminGaceFVIbc©&yénPBteTAán/

lu¼bYsehIynwgeFVIkm μd¾F¶nk¾BitEmn/ bu¨Enþ GaceFVIbc©&yénPB

teTAán³ eRBa¼ehtudUecña¼ RB¼sasþak¾GnuBaØat[elakbYs .

RB¼eTvTtþekItkñúgGvIciRtÚvq;agedaylMEBgEdk

BitNas´ eTvTtþena¼ nwgánCaRB¼bec©kBuT§ nam fa

-335- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

Gdæisßr£ kñúgTIbMputmYyEsnkb,rab´BIPTÞkb,en¼eTA eTvTtþ

ena¼liccUleTAkñúgEpndIehIy ekItkñúgGvIcimmhanrk . ehIy

elakCaGñkkeRmIkminán RtÚvePIøgeq¼ eRBa¼CaGñkRbTUsþcMeBa¼

RB¼BuT§Gñkminjab´j&r . srIr£rbs´elakkMBs´RbmaN 100

eyaCn_ ekItkñúgGvIciEdlmanTMhMRbmaN 300 eyaCn_/ k,al

s‘kcUleTAkanEpnEdkxagelIrhUtdl´Kum<Rtecok/ eCIgTaMgBIr

liccu¼eTAkñúgEpndIEdkxageRkamrhUtdlkeCIg/ lMEBgEdkman

RbmaNbu¨nedImetñatxñatFM/ ecjGMBICBa¢aMgxageRkay cakRtg´

kNþalxñg Føú¼ecjmktamRTÚgkb´eTAnwgCBa¢aMgxagmux/ lMEBg

mYyeTotecjBICBa¢aMgxagsþaM cakTMlaynUvcMehogxagsþaM

Føú¼ecjeTAxageqVgcUleTAkanCBa¢aMgxageqVg . lMEBgmYyeTot

ecjGMBIek,ÓgxagelI cakTMlaynUvk,alecjeTAtamcMENk

xageRkam kb´cUleTAkanEpndICavikarénEdk/ eTvTtþena¼keRmIk

minán EdlePIøgeq¼kñúgGvIciena¼eday Rbkary¨agen¼ .

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -336-

PikçúTaMgLaysnÞnaKñafa ²eTvTtþmkkanTIRbmaNbu¨eNѼ

minTanánKal´RB¼sasþapg k¾liccUleTAkanEpndI³ . RB¼-

sasþaRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþRbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼

tfaKtehIy liccUleTAkanEpndIkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼k¾

eT sUm,Ikñúgkalmun elakk¾liccu¼ehIypgEdr³ edIm,InwgRTg´

sEmþgnUvPav£éneTvTtþena¼CaGñkvegVgpøÚv EdlRB¼Gg:lYm

elam[FUrcitþ ehIyelIkeLIgdakelIxñgrbs´RB¼Gg:ehIy[

dl´TIekßm ehIyRtLb´mkkatPøúkTaMgLaydl´eTA 3 dg

y¨agen¼ KWxagcug kNþal nigKl´ kñúgvar£TI 3 kalQan

knøgputckçúrbs´mhabursehIy k¾liccUleTAkñúgEpndI kñúg

kalEdlRB¼Gg:CaesþcdMrI eTIbRtas´Catk(1) en¼CaedImfa ½

RbsinebIeK[EpndITaMgmUldl´bursGktBaØÚ Ca

GñkeXIjeTasCanic© k¾minKb,IjúaMgbursGktBaØÚ

-337- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

ena¼[eRtkGráneLIy .

kalkfataMgeLIgehIydUecña¼eTot k¾RTgRtas´xnþivaTI

CatkedIm,IRTgsEmþgdl´karEdleTvTtþena¼ CaRB¼áTklaBu

RbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼RB¼Gg: EdlCaxnþivaTItabs ehIyliccUleTA

kanEpndI nigculøFm μálCatkedIm,IRTgsEmþgkarEdleTvTtþ

ena¼ CaRB¼áTmhabtab£ RbRBwtþxuscMeBa¼RB¼Gg:kalEdl

enACaFm μál ehIyliccUleTAkanEpndI lu¼eTvTtþliccUl

(1) sIlvnaKCatk

eTAkanEpndIehIy/ mhaCnk¾rIkrayeRtkGr júaMgKñanigKña[

elIkeLIgnUvTgC&y nigTgbdaRBmTaMgedImeckTaMgLaytm;l´

qñaMgTwkEdleBjehIy elgnUvmehaRsBd¾FM edayRárB§fa

²CalaPrbs´BYkeyIgehIyhñ+³ . BYkPikçúRkabTUlesckIþena¼

dl´RB¼manRB¼PaK RB¼manRB¼PaKRTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMg

Lay kaleTvTtþsøab´ehIy mhaCnrIkrayeRtkGrminEmn

Etkñúgkal}LÚven¼bu¨eNÑa¼eT/ sUm,Ikñúgkalmun k¾rIkrayeRtkGr

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -338-

ehIyEdr³ . edIm,InwgRTgsEmþgkarEdlmhaCnCaGñkeRtkGr

kñúgkalEdlRB¼raCaRB¼namfa big:l£ kñúgnKrBaraNsId¾

kacGaRkk minCaTIRsLajénCnTUeTAesayTivg:tehIy eTIb

Rtas´big:lCatken¼CaedImfa ½

²CnTaMgGs´ RtÚvesþcbig:l£ebotebonehIy kal

esþcena¼esayTivg:tehIy CnTaMgLay rEmgán

nUvesckIþeRtkGr mñalTVarál esþcGkNHenRt

CaTIRsLajrbs´Gñk¦ eRBa¼ehtuGVIánCaGñkyM .

TVarálburseBalfa ½

²RB¼raCa manRB¼enRtminexμA minEmnCaTIRsLaj

rbs´¹eT ¹xøacesþcena¼RtLb´mkvij ( eRBa¼esþc

ena¼ ) eTAGMBImnusßelaken¼ Kb,IebotebonnUvmc©ú-

raC mc©úraCena¼ ERkgRtÚvesþcbig:l£ebotebon

ehIy Kb,InaMmkTukkñúgmnusßelaken¼vij .

GñkeFVIábrEmgekþARkhaykñúgelakTaMgBIr

PikçúTaMgLay TUlsYrRB¼sasþafa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾cMerIn

}LÚven¼ eTvTtþekItenAkñúgTINa ?³ RB¼sasþaRTgRtas´fa

²mñalPikçúTaMgLay eTvTtþekItkñúgGvIcimhanrk³ PikçúTaMgena¼

RkabTUlfa ²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn RB¼eTvTtþekþARkhaykñúg

elaken¼ehIy eTAekItkñúgTIekþARkhaydEdleTot¦ ?

RB¼sasþa RTgRtas´fa ²mñalPikçúTaMgLay yagena¼

ehIy k¾CnTaMgLay eTa¼bICabBVCitkIþ CaRKhsSkIþ manRbRktI

rs´enAedayesckIþRbmaT rEmgekþARkhaykñúgelakTaMgBIrBit

Rákd³ dUecñ¼ehIy Rtas´RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

12 }F tb,ti ebc© tb,ti ábkarI «PytS tb,ti

ábM em ktnþi tb,ti Pieyüa tb,ti TuK:tw teta .

buK:lGñkeFVIGMeBIáb EtgekþARkhay kñúgelak

TaMgBIr KWekþARkhaykñúgelaken¼ 1 ekþARkhay

kñúgelakxagmux 1 buK:lena¼ rEmgekþARkhay

FmμbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -340-

edayKiteXIjfa ábGjáneFVIehIy lu¼mrN-

kaleTAkan´TuK:ti k¾rwgrwtEtekþARkhayd¾éRkElg .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ BIrbTfa }F tb,ti esckþIfa rEmg

ekþARkhaykñúgelaken¼ edayehtuRtwmEteTamnsß edaykar

ekþARkhayeRBa¼km μ .

bTfa ebc© esckIþfa kñúgelakxagmux rEmgekþARkhay

eRBa¼Tukçd¾y¨agéRkElg edaykarekþARkhayeRBa¼viák .

bTfa ábkarI esckþIfa GñkeFVIábmanRbkarepßg@ .

bTfa «PytS esckþIfa eQμa¼fa rEmgekþARkhaykñúg

elakTaMgBIr edaykarekþARkhaymanRbkardUceBalmkehIy

en¼ .

BIrbTfa ábM em esckþIfa k¾GñkmanRbRktIeFVIábena¼

kalekþARkhay edaykarekþARkhayeRBa¼km μ eQμa¼fa rEmg

-341- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgRB¼eTvTtþ

ekþARkhay edayKitfa ²km μGaRkkeyIgeFVIehIy³ esckþIekþA

Rkhayena¼manRbmaNtictYceT/ bu¨EnþkalrekþARkhayeRBa¼

viák eTAkan´TuK:tiehIy rEmgekþARkhayyagéRkElg KWrEmg

ekþARkhayd¾elIslb edaykarekþARkhayd¾GaRkkéRkElg .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcIn ánCaRB¼GriybuK:l man

RB¼esatbnñCaedIm eTsnaánCakfamanRbeyaCn_dl´mha

Cn edayRbkardUecñ¼ >�

( erORB¼eTvTtþ cb´ )

r o s

13 erOgnagsumnaeTvI

esckþIxagedIm

RB¼sasþa kalKgenAkñúgvtþeCtBn RTg´RárB§nag

sumnaeTvI Rtas´RB¼Fm μeTsnaen¼fa ²}F nnÞti ebc© nnÞti³

CaedIm .

GbrMkUnecA[TTYlnaTIrbsxøÜn

esckþIBisþarfa Pikçú 2 Ban´Gg: rEmgqankñúgpÞ¼rbs´

GnafbiNÐikesdæIkñúgRkúgsavtSIral´@éf¶/ kñúgpÞ¼rbs´nagvisaxa

mha«ásikak¾dUecña¼Edr . k¾buK:lNa@ kñúgRkúgsavtSIRáfña

[nUvTan/ buK:lena¼@ lu¼RtaEtán{kasGMBIelakTaMg 2 ena¼

sinehIy eTIbeFVIán .

sYrfa ²eRBa¼ehtuGVI³ ?

eqøIyfa ²eRBa¼GñkdéT@ sYrfa ²GnafbiNÐikesdæI ¦nag

visaxamkkaneragTanrbselakehIy¦³ kalm©as´TaneqøIy

-343- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI

fa ²minánmkeT³ rEmgti¼edolsUm,InUvTanEdleKl¼bgRTBü

TaMgEsnehIyeFVIfa ²Tanhñwg eQμa¼faCaTanGVI³ ? eRBa¼elak

TaMg 2 ena¼ rEmgdwgnUvkareBjcitþrbs´Pikçú nigkic©d¾smKYrdl´

PikçúsgÇ kalelakTaMgBIrena¼enA BYkPikçúrEmgqannUvvtSúd¾sm-

KYrdl´citþBit .

eRBa¼ehtuena¼ buK:lTaMgLayNa EdlCaGñkRáfña

edIm,IfVayTan k¾GeBa¢IjelakTaMg 2 ena¼eTA elakTaMg 2 ena¼

rEmgminánedIm,IGg:asPikçúTaMgLaykñúgpÞ¼rbsxøÜn@ eRBa¼ehtu

dUecña¼ nagvisaxakalBicarNaemIlfa ²nrNahñ+ nwgtaMgenA

kñúgtMENgrbs´eyIgedIm,InwgGg:asPikçúsgdz ? eXIjFItarbs´

buRtehIy k¾taMgTukkñúgtMENgrbs´xøÜn . FItaena¼EtgEtGg:as

PikçúsgÇkñúgpÞ¼rbs´nagvisaxaena¼ .

sUm,IGnafbiNÐikesdæI k¾taMgTuknUvFItac,g eQμa¼mha

suPTÞa/ k¾nagmhasuPTÞaena¼ eFVIkarxVl´xVaybeRmIPikçúTaMgLay

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -344-

( nig ) sþab´Fm’ánCaesatabnñehIy áneTAkanRtkUlrbs´

sVamI .

kñúgeBlena¼ GnafbiNÐikesdæI k¾taMgnagculøsuPTÞa

( CMnYs ) sUm,InagculøsuPTÞaena¼k¾eFVIdUecña¼Edr CaRB¼esatabnñ

ehIyk¾eTAkanRtkUlénsVamI . lMdab´ena¼ GnafbiNÐikesdæI

k¾taMgFItatUcbMput eQμa¼nagsumnaeTvI ( CMnYs ) .

nagsumanaQWehAbitafabðÚnRbús

k¾nagsumnaeTvIena¼ sþab´Fm’ehIy ánseRmcskTa-

Kamipl enACakumarikarsab´rsl´edayeraKmüag katbgnUv

Gahar manesckþIRáfñanwgeXIjbita k¾[eKGeBa¢Ijbitamk

GnafbiNÐikesdæI lu¼án|BakübNþaMrbs´FItakñúgeragTan

mYy k¾mkrkehIyniyayfa ²En nagsumna mankarGVI³ ? FIta

ena¼eBaleTAkanbitafa ²En bðÚnRbús³ K μankarGVIeT .

b¿ En nag nagrevIrvay¦ ?

-345- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI

F¿ mñalbðÚnRbús ¹minrevIrvayeT .

b¿ mñalnag nagP&y¦ ?

F¿ mñalbðÚnRbús ¹minP&yeT .

RKanEtnag sumnaeTvI eBalánRtwmEtb¨ueNѼk¾áneFVI

kalkiriyaeTA .

elakesdæICabitayMeTATUlRB¼sasþa

GnafbiNÐikesdæI sUm,ICaesatabnñ k¾minGacGtsg;t´

nUvesckþIesakEdlekIteLIgehIykñúgFItaán bBa¢a[eKbUCa

srIrsaksBrbsFItaehIy yMeTAkansmñakRB¼sasþa kal

RB¼Gg:RTgRtas´sYrfa ²mñalKhbtI eRBa¼ehtudUcemþc eTIb

GñkmanTukç xUccitþ manmuxTTwkeCakedayTwkEPñk TYjyMmk

kansmñaktfaKt k¾RkabTUlfa ¡²bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn nag

sumnaeTvICaFItarbs´¹RB¼Gg: eFVImrNkalehIy .

s¿ kalebIdUecña¼ ehtuGVI eTIbGñkesak/ esckþIsøab´

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -346-

rEmgRbRBwtþeTAedaycMENkmYydl´sBVstVminEmn¦ ?

G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:dwgnUvehtuena¼ehIy

k¾b¨uEnþ FItarbs´¹RB¼Gg:dl´RBmehIyedayhri nig{tþb,Ebb

en¼/ kñúgeBlCitsøab´nagminGacrkßaTuknUvstián søab´eTA

edaykarrevIrvay eRBa¼ehtuena¼eTamnsß manRbmaNmin

ticekIteLIgdl´¹RB¼Gg: .

s¿ mñalmhaesdæI k¾nagniyayBaküGVI ?

G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn ¹RB¼Gg:ehAnagfa En nag

sumna manbBaHaGVI ? lMdab´ena¼ nagk¾eBalnwg¹RB¼Gg:fa

GVI ? bðÚnRbús/ eBlena¼ kal¹RB¼Gg:eBalfa En+ nag nag

revIrvay¦ ? nagk¾eqIøIyfa En+ bðÚnRbús ¹minrevIrvayeT/ kal

¹RB¼Gg:sYrfa En+ nag nagP&yxøac¦ ? nageqøIyfa En+ bðÚn

Rbús ¹minP&yxøaceT RKan´EteBalánRbmaNb¨ueNѼ k¾eFVI

kalkiriyaeTA .

-347- ymkvK:vNÑna erOgsumnaeTvI

RKaena¼ RB¼manRB¼PaKRtasnwgesdæIena¼fa ²mñalesdæI

FItarbs´GñkminrevIrvayeT .

GnafbiNÐikesdæIRkabTUlsYrfa kalebIdUecña¼ eRBa¼

ehtuGVI eTIbnagniyayy¨agena¼ ?

RB¼sasþaRtas´fa eRBa¼GñkbðÚnnagBit @ ( eTIbnag

niyayy¨agena¼eTAkanGñk ) mñalKhbtI k¾FItarbs´GñkCaFM

CagGñkedaymK: nigpl . eRBa¼GñkRtwmEtCaesatabnñ/

cMENkFItarbs´GñkCaskTaKamI/ eRBa¼nagCaFMedaymK: nig

pl/ eTIbnageBalyagena¼eTAkanGñk .

G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn y¨agnu+¼BitEmn¦ ?

s¿ mñalKhbtI y¨aghñwgÉg .

G¿ bBiRtRB¼Gg:d¾ceRmIn }LÚven¼ nagekItenATINa ?

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Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -348-

¹RB¼Gg: ánnUvkarrIkray kñúgkNþalBYkjati kñúgelaken¼

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dUecñ¼ehIy RTgRtas´RB¼Kafaen¼fa ½

1 }F nnÞti ebc© nnÞti ktbueBaØa «PytS nnÞti

buBaØM em ktnþi nnÞti Pieyüa nnÞti suKtw Keta .

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GjáneFVIehIy lu¼eFVImrNkaleTAkansuKti

k¾rwgrwtEteRtkGrd¾éRkElg .

GFib,ayKafa

bNþabTTaMgena¼ bTfa }F esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúg

elaken¼ edaykarrIkrayeRBa¼km μ .

bTfa ebc© esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúgelakxagmux eday

karrIkrayeRBa¼viák .

bTfa ktbueBaØa KW GñkeFVIbuNümanRbkarepßg@ .

bTfa «PytS esckþIfa rEmgrIkraykñúgelaken¼ eday

Kitfa ²kusleyIgáneFVITukehIy/ ábeyIgmináneFVI³ kal

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bTfa Pieyüa CaedIm esckþIfa k¾eKeTAkansuKti

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qñaMxø¼ rEmgrIkrayyagéRkElgkñúgtusitburI edaykarrIkray

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eRBa¼viák .

kñúgkalcb´Kafa CnCaeRcIn ánCaGriybuK :l man

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RbFanPikçúRbmaN 500 Gg: RB¼Gg:minánRTgeFVIsUm,IRtwmEt

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14 Bhum,i ec shitM Pasmaena

n tk;era ehati nera bmetþa

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n PaKva samBaØsß ehati .

Fm μbTdækfa GdækfaxuTÞknikay KafaFm μbT -358-

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