equipos mineros, subterráneo y superficial

8/10/2019 Equipos Mineros, subterrneo y superficial.

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A REFERENCE GUIDE TO MINING MACHINE APPLICATIONFIELD GUIDE 2009

Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right.


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Scope

This document is primarily intended for use by Caterpillar

and CATdealer project managers as a ready referencefor the assessment of machine application and haul roadconditions on their project sites. It may also prove useful toother Caterpillar and Catdealer personnel and customersin need of a concise reference tool.

It contains practical benchmarking data that isachievable with correct and well-managed machineapplication.It is also intended to provide guidanceon assessing haul road design and maintenance thatsupports sound industry practices.

CONTENTS

Application Benchmarksand Operating Techniques

Cost-Per-Ton (CPT)......................................................Large Wheel Loaders..................................................Hydraulic Front Shovels............................................Hydraulic Backhoes.................................................Electric Rope Shovels..............................................Electric Draglines......................................................Large Mining Trucks.................................................Motor Graders............................................................Track-type Tractors...................................................Wheel Dozers.............................................................Wheel Tractor Scrapers...........................................

Haul Road Design and Maintenance

Design and Maintenance.......................................

Truck Dump Design and Maintenance

Truck Dump Operation............................................

CatUnderground Machines

Underground LHD Loaders....................................

Underground Mining Trucks..................................

Underground Applications.....................................

Management Review

Strategies..................................................................

Reference Information

Performance Handbook 39 Specifications.........

Mine Site Illustrations............................................

Notes...........................................................................

123567

799

11

13

14

15

15

17

1824

25


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*Estimates Only

Electric Rope Shovel$0.05 0.07/ton*

Reliable, low cost-per-ton

Requires: Long mine life

Electric grid

Hard oor

50-foot face Well shot material

Clean-up support

Hydraulic Front Shovel$0.10 0.15/ton*

Breakout force

and selectivity

Requires: Proper face height

Limited tramming

Clean-up support

Wheel Loader$0.11 0.16/ton*

Mobility

Requires: Solid oor

Well shot material

Dry oor

Mass Excavator$0.10 0.15/ton*

Breakout force

and selectivity

Requires: Proper bench height

Limited tramming

Clean-up support

Application Benchmarks and Operating Techniq

COST-PER-TON (CPT)


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LARGE WHEEL LOADERS



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Things to watch for:

Enter pile straight-on, with bottom of bucket parallel to oor

Operate in rst gear, full throttle

Limit travel to 1 1/2 tire revolutions

Keep spillage to a minimum

Keep oor clean and smooth

Keep time in face below 12 seconds

Maintain proper bucket and lift kickout adjustment

Keep tight V loading pattern

Adjust Rim Pull Control setting

Work 1 1/2 bucket width dig pattern

OptimalBench Height

Bucket hinge pin height at maximum lift

Cycle Times 28 42 seconds (avg. 35 seconds)

Bucket Fill Factorin Well-shot Rock

90 110%

Most EfficientPass Match

4 6 passes

ConditionsFavorable to Large

Wheel Loaders

Level, dry, smooth, rm oors

Sufcient crossfall and drainage

in high rainfall areas to minimize tire

damage

Well-fragmented materials that

minimize crowding time, particularly

in the toe-area of the cut

Lower face prole

Multiple faces and frequent tramming

ConditionsUnfavorable to Large

Wheel Loaders

Poor underfoot conditions

wet, soft, jagged

Tight load areas

Poorly shot material


LARGE WHEEL LOADERS

LARGE WHEEL LOADERS


6/129


Start of dig pattern:

Stage truck parallel to safety burm or bench

Dig material from behind truck

Position truck in pocket as soon as possible Advance face in normal left to right pattern


Keep frame straight when digging

Lift bucket before crowding

Fill bucket by the time lift arms are horizontal in face

Clean oor while approaching face when necessary with

minimum oor contact Never operate with blunt GET or bare bucket edge

Advance face left to right when possible

Minimize truck exchange time

Clean oor if required between trucks


LARGE WHEEL LOADERS


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Loading:

Operator controls dumping impact into bed (dump easy)

Place material vs. dumping material in truck bodies

Different loading tools have different effects on truck bodies

Pad body oors with smaller material before placing inoversize material

DO NOT contact truck side rails

DO NOT push material in bodies

LARGE WHEEL LOADERS

Parallel dig pattern:

Quick truck exchange

Right to left set-up

Works well in narrow cuts

Trucks spotted 15-20



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Things to watch for: GET

Clean oor while approaching face when necessary with minimum

oor contact

Rear of the bucket kept clear of the oor

Minimize oor contact (GET will overheat and melt)

Minimize speed

Never operate with blunt GET or bare bucket edge





Smooth steady speed

Keep oor clean and smooth with minimal bucket contact

Maintain proper bucket kickout adjustment

Tips do not touch the oor more than 150 400 mm (6 16)

before the toe

LARGE WHEEL LOADERS


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HYDRAULIC FRONT SHOVELS



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Keep work areas as tight as possible; keep swing

distances to a minimum

Avoid excessive prying or corner loading

DO NOT swing into existing material

Maximize GET tip contact, minimize bowl contact

(i.e., boom up and curl bowl through material)

Use boom up to minimize bucket heel contact


OptimalBench Height

Just above boom/stick pivot



90 100%

Most Efficient PassMatch

4 6 passes

ConditionsFavorable toHydraulic FrontShovels

Selective digging

Multiple targets

Tight load area

Tough digging

Can work in poor oor conditions

Dene dig pattern, L to R or R to L,

and maintain pattern

ConditionsUnfavorable toHydraulic FrontShovels

Excessive tramming Low benches





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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 2


Single back-up

Less oor clean-up

Easier to maintain

Square set-up & dig



1. First two passes:

Upper half of face


2. Third/fourth passes:

Load out the center

3. Final pass:

Clean up oor

and advance

Double back-up

Tight working envelope

Highly productive

Square set-up & dig


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Hauler pre-positions

Hauler positions on swing radius of shovel

Truck spotted on clean oor Quicker truck exchange time

Clean-up oor between shovel moves


Left to right dig pattern

Single back-up loading

Trucks positions on clean oor

Shorter swing anglesCan Be Most Productive withShorter Reach Front Shovels


Right to left dig pattern Single back-up loading

Greater swing angles



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HYDRAULIC BACKHOES



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OptimalBench Height

Length of stick, or between truck side

rail and tail



80 110%


4 6 passes

ConditionsFavorable

to HydraulicBackhoes

Low to moderate bench heights

Truck spotted either on top of bench

or on the oor below the backhoe

Tight load area

Short swing - 60

Well-shot material

Remove farthest pass during truck

exchange "key cut"

ConditionsUnfavorable

to HydraulicBackhoes

High benches Excessive tramming

Unstable benches

Low angle of repose material


HYDRAULIC BACKHOES


Always maintain "key cut"

Start at "key cut" and work toward truck

Ideally dig no more than 45 either side of center line


Always work over idler and swing no more than 60

to truck

Prepare next cuts in advance Maintain proper bench height

HYDRAULIC BACKHOES


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 2HYDRAULIC BACKHOES


FULL REACH

FULL REACH

ME Set-up (Both "Over the rail" and "Through gate")Things to watch for:

"Over the rail" loading

Trucks on bottom level

Dig depth equals stick length

Minimum swing angles

Set-up provides ample dig

and reach

Alternate loading positions


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Use "through the gate" loading

to increase production

Truck on bottom level

Clean oor between

backhoe move Quicker truck exchange time

MOST PRODUCTIVE

ME Set-up (Box Cut Same Level)


"Through the gate" loading

Trucks & backhoe on same level

Single or double side loading

Minimum or maximum dig depth 60 maximum swing angle


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Three ways to increaseproductivity:

10 15% higher productivitywhen bench is correct height

vs. too high

15 20% higher productivity

when trucks are spotted on

the oor below the excavatorvs. on top of bench

5% higher productivity when

excavator swings 60 vs. 90


Maintain proper bench height

Load square to the face

Avoid excessive prying or

corner loading

Maximize GET tip contact,(i.e., boom up and curl bowl

through material)

Minimizes bowl contact

Keeps heel clear of the

material

Keeps bucket throat open

Use "boom up" to minimize

bucket heel contact

Never operate with blunt GET

or bare bucket edge

Incorrect


Through the gate loading

Trucks and backhoe on same

level

Single or double side loading

Minimum or maximum digdepth

60 maximum swing angle


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ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS



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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 3ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS




70 90 maximum swing angle

Efcient support machine activity to keep oor clean

Power cable maintenance

Never operate blunt GET or a bare edge DO NOTallow oor clean-up machine to interfere withtruck loading

Target 2 side loading and "0" truck exchange time

Recommendations from Manufacturer

Optimal BenchHeight

Between Parallel Dipper Arm and Boom

Sheave (4100 / BE495)



80 110%


3 5 passes

ConditionsFavorable toElectric RopeShovels

Working a single face of the

correct height

Solid, level oor

Wide benches to facilitate truckmaneuverability

Well-shot material

ConditionsUnfavorable toElectric RopeShovels

Poor underfoot

Low faces


Multiple faces


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 3ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS


Position truck in target tolerance range

Utilize marker on dipper handle or counterweight to assist truckoperator with pre-spotting and spotting

Keep mirrors on shovel and truck clean


Truck Spotting

Tolerance range

Tail Swing

Tolerance



Advance dipper up face to get maximum bucket load

Maintain oor grade

DO NOT "jack boom"

DO NOTstall during hoisting cycle

Operate machine as level as possible Place material easily into body

Pad body for oversize material loading



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Dig Angle Affect on Power Requirements

Dig Angle Power Requirement to Lift Load*

0 100%

15 103.5%

30 115.4%

45 141.4%

60 200%

* As a Percent of Load




Adjusting the digging angle can also reduce the load on

wire ropes. Loading increases with the digging angle and

crowd distance

At a digging angle of 15 it takes 1.035 times as much power, or

3.5% more to lift a given load as it does directly below the boom

point. At an angle of 60 it takes twice as much power

Digging as low under the boom point as possible helps to reducerope stress and extend the useful life of the wire rope



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Swing Arc Approximate Percentage of Optimum Output

45 126%

50 116%

60 107%

70 100%

100 88%

130 77%

180 70%



Swing Angle vs. Productivity


Avoid swing angles that exceed 70

Take advantage of previous dig pocket to reduce swing angle



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The rake angle has a direct inuence on tooth angle and the digging

force applied to the working face, as well as the amount of wear on

the dipper. The rake angle is optimized by adjusting the length of the

"Pitch Braces."



Suggested Starting Points for Adjusting theTooth Angle and Rake Angle

Hard Rock Digging Medium Digging

Tooth Angle 46 48 48 50

Rake Angle 57 59 59 61

Material Digability Approximate DipperFill Factor

Easy Digging 1.05 1.20

Medium Digging 1.00 1.15

Hard Digging 0.90 1.00

Very Hard Digging 0.80 0.90




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Double side load whenever possible

Keep exit from shovel in direct line to cable bridge

Clean-up oor between trucks not during truck loading cycle

Have trucks pre-spot when possible





#2

Dig 3 Dig 2 Dig 1

Most Productive

( Lowest Cost-Per-Ton )

ExcavatedMaterial

OriginalPosition

Succeeding Cuts

New Position

#1


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ELECTRIC DRAGLINES



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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 5ELECTRIC DRAGLINES

As the bucket is drawn closer to the dragline, the power required to

lift the same load increases.



As with shovels, the most efficient digging range is directly beneath

the boom point. Casting the bucket beyond this point increases the

stress and load on the rope. As the bucket is pulled closer to the

dragline, digging efficiency decreases and the load on the rope

increases, including the dump rope(s).



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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 5ELECTRIC DRAGLINES


Recommendations from ManufacturerRecommendations from Manufacturer


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Recommendations from ManufacturerRecommendations from Manufacturer

ELECTRIC DRAGLINES


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ELECTRIC DRAGLINES


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LARGE MINING TRUCKS



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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 6LARGE MINING TRUCKS

Effects on Hauling Costs


TRUCK OPERATING COST

Hauling, 45%

Admin & Other

Functions, 16% Loading, 15%

Drilling, 4%

Blasting, 6%

Haulage

Support, 14%

Effects on Mining Costs

MINE OPERATING COST

Tires, 16%

Operator, 14%

Repair, 25%

Fuel, 18%

Owning, 22%

Wear, 2% Maintenance, 3%


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Load placement:

Lateral

Centered over hoist cylinders or on body arrow

Longitudinal

Centered on centerline of body

General No substantial amount of material on headboard. Enough

freeboard to minimize spillage from sides through corners and

for rear of body on grades

Target 33% / 66% payload split on front / rear axles

Incorrect Loading

Correct Loading


Proper truck positioning

Report safety issues

Monitor body wear patterns

Report any tire wear and rock spillage

Manage proper spotting

Control 2nd gear shift point for better TPMS ( Truck PayloadManagement System) accuracy

Manage proper TPMS calibration and accuracy


LOAD PLACEMENT ON TRUCKS

LARGE MINING TRUCKS


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% of Target Payload80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

Numbe

rofLoads

90 % 10%

SAFETY

Prod

uctivity

D

urability

No loads should be above 120% of

the target payload

90% of loads should fall into this range

No more than 10% of loads should

exceed 110% of the target payload

LARGE MINING TRUCKS

The mean (average) of the pay

load distribution shall not

exceed the target payload

No more than 10% of pay

loads may exceed 1.1 times

the truck target payload

No single payload shall ever

exceed 1.2 times the target

payload

No more than 10% of loads

above 1.10

No loads above 1.20

The average payload shall not

exceed the target


Caterpillar 10/10/20 Payload Management PolicyTruck exchange time:Elapsed time from when loaded

truck receives last loading pass

until next truck receives first

loading pass

Exchange time: Good 42 seconds or less

Acceptable 54 seconds

Unacceptable over 1 minute


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MOTOR GRADERS



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Favorable applications:

Haul road construction / maintenance Selected load area cleanup

Selected dump area maintenance

Blasting cleanup

Reclamation

Snow removal

Utility ripping


MOTOR GRADERS


Grade in 2nd or 3rd gear (6 11 km/h / 4 7 mph) Use wheel lean and articulation to reduce turning radius

Rip in rst gear; manually operate throttle

Excessive speed negatively affects cutting edge life

Change cutting edges when down to 10 mm (0.5 in)

Use ripper attachment to rip hard-packed top surface

Always use differential lock when blading and ripping


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Proper blade tip angle:

Moldboard top should be 50

100 mm (2 4 in) ahead of

cutting edge on Cat 16M and

24M Motor Graders

Constant tip angle minimizes

cutting edge wear


Proper blade angle:

Use widest possible

pass width

Reduce pass width (increas

angle) if material ows around

leading edge (toe)

Use maximum 10 blade angle

if using Graderbit system or

serrated edge

Maintain contact with road

surface across the full width

of the cutting edge

Cut

Normal

Carry

MOTOR GRADERS


Maintain full blade contact

with oor to avoid high point

loading

Consider using track-type

tractors or wheel dozers

rather than motor graders

when unable to maintain full

blade loads in hard bladingmaterial

Use wheel lean to hold front of

machine in line, will reduce

side draft forces and help

reduce turning radius

Always use differential lock

when blading and/or ripping

Properly trained operators use:

Differential lock Proper coverage

Wheel lean

Articulated turns

Proper gear selection

Proper ripping practices


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TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS



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Optimal track-type tractor - truck match ups:

TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS


Track-Type Tractor


Dozing in 1st gear

Steering with blade tilt cylinders rather than steering clutches

when blade is loaded

Minimized corner loading, prying and impact dozing

Maintain a steady dozing pressure

Keep unloaded travel distance to a minimum

DOZING APPLICATIONS

D9 777

D10 777 / 785 / 789

D11 789 / 793 / 797

Track-type Tractor Truck


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 8TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS

Back each pass technique

(Less efficient technique)

Operator starts each pass at

the back of the cut

Each pass uses the entire

length of the cut at a

uniform depth

Efciency and productivity

suffer because the machine

travels the entire length of the

cut in both directions with

each pass


DOZING APPLICATIONSBack to front technique

(Less efficient technique)

Operator progresses the cut

from back to front

Push distance is reduced with

each pass

Efciency suffers from uphill

blade loading

Doesnt fully utilize the slot

throughout the cut

Front to back technique

(Most efficient technique)

Most efcient method of dozing

Works cut from front to back

Push distance increases with each pass

Uses more efcient downhill blade loading

Slot is created and utilized throughout the cut


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Berm management: criss /cross berm removal

Most efcient method of

center berm removal

Works cut from back to front

Push distance reduces witheach pass

Uses existing slots to hold

in material and increase

blade load

Berm management

Berm height should not

exceed blade height

Berm should only be high

enough to trap material for

optimum loading

Center berm width should be

one-third the blade width

The smaller the berm, the

easier the disposal for

improved productivity


TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS

DOZING APPLICATIONS

Blade positioning on dual tilt machines:

Begin cut with blade tilted forward

Begin to lay blade back when nearly full

Continue to ll blade while lying back

Tilt blade forward to unload material


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Rip downhill when possible

If loading scrapers rip material in same direction as loading

1.5 2.5 km/hr (1.0 1.5 mph) at two-thirds throttle is most

economical

Reduce speed in shock and impact conditions

Try cross ripping if material will not free up

Do not carry ripper beam in material


TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS

RIPPING APPLICATIONS

Ripper position Begin pass with tip rearward

Pull tip forward after tip penetrates

Signs of incorrectpositioning / operating Excessive track slippage

Blunt tips (GET)

Breaking shank protector or

ripper tip pins

Ripper Ground Engaging Tools Penetration ripper tip reinforcing ribs must face upward

Ensure ground engaging tool pins, retainers, and bolts

are installed correctly

Never operate a bare shank or worn tip


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Incorrect



1.5 2.5 km/hr (1.0 1.5 mph) at two-thirds throttle is

most economical and recommended Reduce speed in shock and impact conditions

Try cross ripping if material will not free up

Rip in 1st gear

Keep ripper beam parallel to the oor

Do not turn or reverse with shank in the ground

RIPPING APPLICATIONS

TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS


Doze in 1st gear

Use slow steady speed (More speed = less production)

Steer with blade tilt cylinders rather than steering clutches

when blade is loaded

Minimize corner loading, prying and impact

Maintain a steady dozing pressure Never back blade

DOZING APPLICATIONS


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WHEEL DOZERS



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Wheel Dozer Track Type Tractor

814H

824H834H

844H

854K

D7R

D8TD9T

D10T

D11T

DESIGN MATCH-UP

Wheel Loader Wheel Dozer

992K

990H988H

980H

966F

854K

844H834H

824H

814F


WHEEL DOZERS

SIZE COMPARISON


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Extended

Material

Pass 1

Pass 2

Incoming

Truck

Departing

Truck

Loading

3 Pass


WHEEL DOZER CLEAN-UP (ELECTRIC ROPE SHOVELS)

WHEEL DOZERS

Favorable Applications:

Loading area cleanup

Dump area maintenance Haul road construction/maintenance

Blasting area cleanup

Reclamation

Wheel dozers are typically more cost-effective and offergreater speed than track-type tractors in light applications.


Keeps loads small and material should "roll"

Avoid excessive down pressure

Push the load keeping machine as straight as possible

Minimize heel-plate contact

Maintain full blade contact with oor

Keep heel plates parallel with oor and back of blade vertical


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834 773 / 777

844 777 / 785

854 785 / 789 / 793

WHEEL DOZERS


SIZING WHEEL DOZERS FOR THE TRUCK DUMP Things to watch for: GET

Keep loads small and material

should "roll"

Minimize heel-plate contact

Maintain full blade contact

with oor Avoid excessive down

pressure

Minimize speed and contact

to prevent cutting edges from

overheating and softening

Keep heel plate parallel

with oor and back of blade

verticalToo Far Back

Optimal wheel dozer truck match ups

Wheel Dozer Truck


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WHEEL TRACTOR SCRAPERS



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ECONOMIC PUSH / HAUL DISTANCES

AgTowed-Scraper: 182 to 793m (600 to 2,600ft)

Dozers: 0 to 150 m (0 to 500 ft)

WTS: 183 to 1646m (600 to 5,400ft)

TTT W/Towed Scraper: 61 to 335m (200 1,100ft)


HAULING SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Provides loading and spreading advantages

Quick loading

High travel speeds

Economic zone of application ranges from 400 meters to 1600 meters

(quarter of a mile to a mile)

Economic advantage greatest on short hauls

Tandem engine, push-pull and auger arrangements do not requireloading tool

Short load times < 1 minute

Do not require spreading tool

Dumps on the run

Can achieve as much as 98% compaction in the ll



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631G D9 / D10

637G D9 / D10

657G D10 / D11



Optimal scraper tractorcombinations are:

Larger tractor loads quicker

and provides denser loads

Can use two track-type

tractors

Track-type tractor poweraids loading

Track-type tractor pushes

scraper through the cut

Added power and thrust

speeds loading and facilitates

rated payload on every pass

PUSH LOADING COMBINATIONS

Shorter time for tandem, longer time for single-powered scrapers.

Consult publications for self-loading (elevating / auger) and

push-pull machines.

Loading time for open bowl push-loaded wheel tractor

Favorable Applications:

Clay-type overburden

Soft underfoot conditions

Conned areas

High speed / short hauls

Single and twinengine scrapers are often push loaded by track-

type tractors for greater productivity

PUSH LOADING SCRAPERS

36 43 secondsAverage

24 30 secondsGood

36 43 secondsAverage

24 30 secondsGood

Wheel Scraper Track-Type Tractor


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Setting up haul

Haul short return long

Grades vs. length of haul

Condition Water

Curve

Curve speeds and center

of gravity

Maximum production when

both operators work as a team

Proper technique can

pay dividends

Second scraper pulls to left

after disconnecting

Second scraper then leads

to the fill Allows machines to swap

lead and follow positions

on each cycle

Three push-pull scrapers can

work together (cannot hook

together at same time)



SCRAPER HAUL ROADS

PUSH-PULL CONSIDERATIONS

Engage/Disengage

cushion hitch

Load time in 20 - 50 seconds

Walk out of cut "unassisted"

Carry bowl low to the ground

Haul short / return long

Control loping on travel roads Don't move dirt twice

Load down hill

Straddle cut

Best compaction:

High speed / thin lifts

Can maintain haul road if a

motor grader is not available

or busy

Can trim high spots and ll

low ones

With ejector forward, acts

as a dozer

Provides haul road

compaction Can deliver and self spread

road material

Scraper can substitute for a

motor grader

RULE OF THUMB

HAUL ROAD MAINTENANCE


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Design

Material type

Lift size Spreading / dumping load

Speed

Using scrapers to mix materials

How to maximize compaction

Water

FILL AREA



STRADDLE CUT



57/129


HAUL ROAD DESIGN AND MAINTENANCE


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 1HAUL ROAD DESIGN AND MAINTENACE

Truck & shovel; Crusher in-pit

Loader; Feed into in-pit crusher

Haul Road Design and Maintena

HAUL ROAD CONSIDERATIONS

Truck & shovel; Crusher at surface

Loader; Tram to in-pit crusher

Three key factors in haul road design:

Material quality

Design

Maintenance


59/129



Design corners and crests

with clear visibility at

operating speeds

Design for worst case

scenarios

10 / 1

Rules of thumb:

If you can comfortably travel your haul roads at 60 km/h (35 mph)

in a light vehicle, this is an indicator of good haul road conditions

Haul roads begin at the loading face and end at the dump

Maintain good oor conditions approaching and at the dump

Maintain good oor conditions approaching and at the face

Travel at reasonable speeds in the load and dump zones


HAUL ROAD DESIGN AND MAINTENACE

HORIZONTAL AND GENERAL VERTICAL ALIGNMENT


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Must be sufcient for a machine to stop before reaching a hazard

or obstacle

Distance from the operators eye must equal or exceed required

stopping distances

Sight DistanceLine of Sight

Hazard

Vertical CurveCase A

Required Stopping Distance

Sight Distance Line of Sight

HazardVertical Curve

Case B


Sight Distance Line of Sight

Vertical Face or ObstructionCase C


Sight Distance

Line of Sight

Trees Removed and Slopes Laid BackCase D

2% constant cross fall

USE EXTREME CAUTION


"The extent of peripheral area visible to the vehicle operator"

SIGHT DISTANCE FOR HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL CURVES


CROSS FALL

On flats

Maintain minimum slope

for drainage

Using 2% constant cross fall

with extreme caution and

travel loaded truck on the

"uphill" side

If constant cross fall is not

selected, crown haul roads

with minimum slope angle

On grades

Minimal cross fall is required

unless rainfall is heavy


61/129


KEEP GRADE SMOOTH AND CONSTANT

a Minimizes transmission shifts

a Maintains higher average speed

a Allow more constant braking effort on returns

Incorrect Correct

11

10



Smooth, constant grades:

Grades less than 10% are recommended for maximum tire life

Consistent grades should be maintained

U = Track width of machine (center-to-center tires)

FA = Width of front overhang

FB = Width of rear overhang

C = Total lateral clearance

Z = Extra width allowance due to difficulty of driving on curves

FB

FB

FA

FA

Z

C

U

U

Z

Single unit

Articulated unit W=2(U+FA+FB+Z) C=Z=(U+FA+FB)/2

COMPUTING HAUL ROAD WIDTH ON HORIZONTAL CURVES

Minimum haul road width for curved road segments must

account for vehicle tracking at front and rear

A wider road is required on curves to account for the overhang

occurring at the front and rear of machine

Road width on curve is determined by:a Lateral clearance between passing haul trucks

a Extra width allowance to accommodate difficult driving

conditions


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One-way (straights/corners)

Two-way (In straights)

Two-way (In corners)

ROAD WIDTH

One-way straights and corners

A minimum of 2 2.5 widths is recommended

Two-way traffic

In straights, a minimum of 3 3.5 truck widths

In corners, a minimum of 3.5 4 truck widths




Truck should be able to clear loading tool under full acceleration

Minimum bench width is the truck turning radius plus the safety

berm plus loading tool swing radius (shovels)

BENCH WIDTH

CORNERS

Radius

Use maximum practical radius

Keep constant and smooth transitions

Superelevation

Employ if speeds exceed 15 km/h (10 mph) as per

Performance Handbook

Greater than 10% superelevation should be used with caution

30.0%13.0%50

11.0%

15.0%

21.0%

40

8.0%

12.0%

16.0%

27.0%

35

6.0%

9.0%

12.0%

20.0%

30.0%

30

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

14.0%

21.0%

28.0%

25

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

9.0%

13.0%

18.0%

27.0%

20

2.0%

2.0%

3.0%

5.0%

8.0%

10.0%

15.0%

15

1.0%

1.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

7.0%

10

Speed in mph

14.0%1000

19.0%700

27.0%500

300

200

150

100

45Feet

Radius of Turn

30.0%13.0%50

11.0%

15.0%

21.0%

40

8.0%

12.0%

16.0%

27.0%

35

6.0%

9.0%

12.0%

20.0%

30.0%

30

4.0%

6.0%

8.0%

14.0%

21.0%

28.0%

25

3.0%

4.0%

5.0%

9.0%

13.0%

18.0%

27.0%

20

2.0%

2.0%

3.0%

5.0%

8.0%

10.0%

15.0%

15

1.0%

1.0%

1.0%

2.0%

3.0%

4.0%

7.0%

10

Speed in mph

14.0%1000

19.0%700

27.0%500

300

200

150

100

45Feet

Radius of Turn


63/129


DRAINAGE


Slope must adequately carry away maximum expected rainfall,

with minimum puddling, pot-holing or water entry into road

sub-base




Recommended berm height is a minimum of half the wheel height

Safety berm along the edge of the truck dump

Safety berm along all haul road edges

Check your local mining regulations

wheel height wheel height

SAFETY BERMS (WINDROWS)


64/129


HAUL ROAD MODELING

Tire load

94

inc

h

More severe

Permanent plastic strain

due to shear failure

Top:

Poor drainage

Poor compaction

Poor road base material

These are examples of a poorly constructed haul road (top)

and a well constructed haul road (bottom):

Bottom :

Good drainage

Good compaction

Good road base material



Tire Penetration

For off-highway trucks running radial-ply tires, assume aminimum rolling resistance of:

1.2% for a hard, well-maintained, permanent haul road

2.5% for a well-maintained road with little exing

4% for a road with 25 mm (1 in) tire penetration




In practice, a 5% increase in rolling resistance can result in

up to a 10% decrease in production and a 35% increase in

production costs.

ROLLING RESISTANCE


65/129


610 mm (24 in) deep tire penetration

30% rolling resistance

Reduced production

Excessive fuel burn

Reduced tire life

Reduced component life

COMPACTION

An example of high rolling resistance:



SOFT AND WET AREAS


Remove soft and wet spots

completely refill and compact

with good dry material

Without a good repair, these

spots will continually

deteriorate

Performance vs Rolling Resistance10,000 ft. Flat Haul

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

140%

160%

180%

1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10%

Rolling Resistance

FuelCost

-60%

-50%

-40%

-30%

-20%

-10%

0%

10%

Production

Fue l Cos t Pr oduc tionFue l Cos t Pr oduc tion

HAUL ROAD ECONOMICS


66/129


POINTS TO REMEMBER


The haul road begins at the loading face and ends at the

dump point

Once a road deteriorates, it takes ve times as long to repair it to

good condition again. Fix it once, x it right!

If one can travel comfortably in a light truck at 60 km/h (35 mph),

then road surfaces are good Good roads improve production, extend tire life and reduce overall

operating costs

Watering removes dust hazard and maintains compaction

Use "checkerboard" or "spot" intermittent pattern on grades to

reduce slippage risk during retarding on grades

"Spot" watering works well for areas with limited water supply



DUST CONTROL


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Cut

45%

Impact29%

Other

8%Wear

7%

Separation

heat) 11%

Source: Actual data, world-class metal mine

Factors effecting tire life:

Approximately 80% of all large tires fail before wear out

POINTS TO REMEMBER




68/129


69/129


TRUCK DUMPS

Approaching the dump area:

Always enter the dump area in a clockwise direction Approach the dump from the left

Keep the dump edge on the operators side of the truck

Drive parallel to the dump edge

Observe the dump edge for cracks

Work dump from cab side to the right with support

tractor following

The following procedures should be followed on each cycle.

Truck Dump Operat

TRUCK DUMP OPERATION

After you have reversed in and in a stationary position:

Place hoist lever in RAISE position

Increase engine RPM to accelerate hoist speed

Watch for material to ow from truck bed and ensure material isowing over dump edge

Keep alert for dump edge movement

Reduce engine RPM as hoist cylinders reach full extension

TRUCK DUMPS


70/129


TRUCK DUMPS

After you have made the dump:

Clear material from tailgate by moving forward slowly

Do not move over one truck length with body raised Never jerk the steering wheel from side to side to free

stuck material

Move gear selector into the desired gear after the body is

on the frame

Exit on established haulroad

Truck Dump Operat



Maintain eye contact with dump maintenance tool

whenever possible Watch dump edge for stability

Dump away from safety berm if edge is unstable (dump short)

Maintain proper safety berm height

Lower body before moving from dump

Advance haulroad with dump

Maintain slight slope for water drainage

TRUCK DUMPS


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POOR DUMP PRACTICES


Body bulldozing

Pulling through berm after

dumping is hard on underside

of the body

Dumping into existing pile

Not lowering body prior to

moving forward

Truck Dump Operat


Damage indicates:

Pulling through pile

"Pinching" material under tail

Pushing with a dozer

Poor dumping practice can result in rear rib and tail area damage

DUMP CONSIDERATIONS


72/129


POOR DUMP PRACTICES

Cut

45%

Impact

29%

Other

8%Wear

7%

Separation

heat) 11%

Source: Actual data, world-class metal mine

Factors effecting tire life:

Approximately 80% of all large tires fail before wear out

Truck Dump Operat


73/129



UNDERGROUND LHD LOADERS


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 1UNDERGROUND LHD LOADERS

Optimal BenchHeight

Bucket hinge pin height at maximum lift



90 110%


4 6 passes

ConditionsFavorable to LHDLoaders

Level, dry, smooth, rm oors

Sufcient crossfall and drainage in high

rainfall areas to minimize tire damage

Well-fragmented materials that minimize

crowding time, particularly in the toe-

area of the cut

Lower face prole

Multiple faces and frequent tramming

ConditionsUnfavorable to LHDLoaders

Poor underfoot conditions wet,

soft, jagged

Tight load areas


CatUnderground Machi

LHD LOADERS


Lift bucket before curling when rst entering pile

Keep frame straight when digging

Keep lift arms as low as possible when tramming

Keep time in face below 12 seconds

Never operate worn GET or bare bucket edge

Maintain proper bucket kick-out settings

Control tire slippage



Keep spillage to a minimum Keep oor clean and smooth

Keep tight "V" loading pattern

Clean oor while approaching face when necessary with

minimum oor contact

Minimize truck exchange time


75/129

Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 1UNDERGROUND LHD LOADERS


Loading:

Operator controls dumping impact into body (dump easy)

Place material vs. dumping material in body

Different loading tools have different affects on truck body

Pad body oor with smaller material before placing inoversize material

DO NOT contact truck side rails

DO NOT push material in body

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR LHDS

Better bucket fill factors through:

Improved material fragmentation

Correct bucket selection, GET selection and maintenance

Correct bench heights

Correct loader orientation to face

Faster loader cycle times through:

Correct orientation to face

Correct truck placement

Improved material condition

Improved oor condition


76/129



UNDERGROUND MINING TRUCKS


77/129






Safety issues

Body wear patterns

Tire wear / rock spillage Proper spotting

Caterpillar 10/10/20 Load Management Policy

The mean (average) of the pay

load distribution shall not

exceed the target payload

No more than 10% of payloads

may exceed 1.1 times the

truck target payload

No single payload shall

ever exceed 1.2 times the

target payload

No more than 10% of loads

above 1.10

No loads above 1.20

The average payload shall not

exceed the target

% of Target Payload80 85 90 95 100 105 110 115 120

Nu

mberofLoads

90 % 10%

SAFETY

Productivity

Durability

No loads should be above 120% of

the target payload

90% of loads should fall into this range

No more than 10% of loads should

exceed 110% of the target payload


78/129


LOAD PLACEMENT ON TRUCKS

Load placement:

Lateral (centered over hoist cylinders or on body arrow)

Longitudinal (centered on center line of body) Enough freeboard to minimize spillage from sides through corners

and from rear of body on grades

Target 33% / 66% payload split on front / rear axles

Establish a load placement pattern, rst bucket back, then front,

then center




Loader operator spots truck

Insure truck doesnt have to turn around once loaded Position truck away from overhead services

Position for fastest cycle times

Wheel loaders tight "V pattern"

Keep rear tires away from rocks and toe

Minimize wait time

Correct Loading Incorrect Loading

Correct LoadingIncorrect Loading


79/129



UNDERGROUND APPLICATIONS


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 1UNDERGROUND APPLICATIONS


MODERN TRACKLESS UNDERGROUND MINE CUT AND FILL STOPE MINING


81/129


LONG HOLE STOPING



BLOCK CAVING


82/129


ROOM AND PILLAR MINING




Truck exchange time:

Elapsed time from when loaded truck receives last loading pass

until next truck receives first loading pass

Exchange time:

Good 42 seconds or less

Acceptable 54 seconds

Unacceptable over 1 minute

TRUCK EXCHANGE


83/129


MOTOR GRADERS


Grade in 1st gear

Determine drainage pattern prior to grading

Obtain road bed material sufcient to slope road

Always keep edges sharp for better penetration

Change edges prior to moldboard damage

Always lock differential when grading or ripping

Always perform articulated turns with wheel lean to reduce

turning radius



MOTOR GRADERS

Blade angle:

Use widest pass width possible

Increase blade angle if material ows around leading edge

Use 10 blade angle for Grader Bit System or serrated edge


84/129



Proper blade tip angle:

Moldboard top should be

50mm (2 in.) ahead of cutting

edge on 120M-14M Motor

Graders

Constant tip angle minimizes

cutting edge wear

Proper blade angle:

Use widest possible pass

width

Reduce pass width (increase

angle) if material ows around

leading edge (toe)

Use maximum 10 blade angle

if using Graderbit system or

serrated edge

Maintain contact with road

surface across the full width

of the cutting edge


Cut

Normal

Carry

HAUL ROAD CONSIDERATIONS

Three key factors in haul road design:

Material quality

Design Maintenance


MOTOR GRADERS


85/129



KEEP GRADE SMOOTH AND CONSTANT

Horizontal and General Vertical Alignment


Design corners and crests for

clear visibility at operating speeds

Design for worst case scenarios

Smooth, constant grades:

Grades less than 10% are

recommended for maximum

tire life Consistent grades should be

maintained

Minimizes transmission shifts

Maintains higher average speed

Allow more constant braking

effort on returns


Recommended berm height is a minimum of half the wheel height

Safety berm along the edge of the truck dump

Safety berm along all haul road edges

Check your local mining regulation

SAFETY BERMS (WINDROWS)



86/129


87/129


SOFT AND WET AREAS


Remove soft and wet spots completely and rell and compact

with good dry material

Without a good repair, these spots will continually deteriorate



Begin at face; end at dump

Truck travels at a reasonable and constant speed

Where trucks slow down evaluate the cause and repair

Remove and repair wet / soft spots Ride in jump seat, if it is rough the road is too rough

HAUL ROAD MAINTENANCE



88/129


VISUAL INSPECTIONS WHILE DRIVING THE HAUL ROAD

Loading Zone Things to watch for:

Smooth oors

Adequate water drainage

No debris spillage from trucks


No tight, high-speed turns astrucks return to loading area

Loading zones that are too

tight, rough or congested

Trucks leave under full,

continuous acceleration


Dump Zone Things to watch for:

Smooth oor to maintain speed

Braking in straight line before

turning and stopping to reverse

and dump

Stable dumping capability

Back height is adequate for

body

Trucks brake in straight line,

then turn and stop to reverse

to dump

Safety berms and ore pass stop

blocks are regulation height

Trucks dump the load

without delays

Haul Roads Things to watch for:

Well maintained, smooth road

Sufcient drainage

Smooth, constant grades

Adequate passing room

Adequate corner radius Expected haul road speeds are achieved

No debris on roads

No potholes, ruts, gullies

No rubber on tight or rocky turns

No high braking forces required on curves

Use reference signs where necessary




89/129



GENERAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES:UNDERGROUND MINING TRUCKS

Model the effects on total productivity through changes to:

Higher truck road speeds improve productivity and reduce

cost per ton

Achieve faster speeds through:

Smooth roads - load to dump

Reduced rolling resistance

Better road design

Better payload control

GENERAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES: LHDS


Higher ll factors improve productivity and reduce cost per ton

Achieve higher ll factors through:

Better fragmentation

Correct bucket selection

Correct GET selection and maintenance

Correct bench heights


Correct operating techniques for maximum production

Faster cycle times improve productivity and reduce cost per ton Achieve faster cycle times through:


Improved oor conditions



Proper tram distance to and from truck



90/129


Strategies

MANAGEMENT REVIEW


91/129



Loading Zone Things to watch for:

Smooth oors

Adequate water drainage

No debris spillage from trucks

Proper truck positioning No tight, high-speed turns as trucks return to loading area

Loading zones that are too tight, rough or congested

Location of 2nd gear reweigh

Trucks leave under full, continuous acceleration

Strateg

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

Dump Zone Things to watch for:

Smooth oor to maintain speed Entering parallel to edge

Braking in straight line before turning and stopping to

reverse and dump

Safety berms at regulated height along entire edge

Stable dumping capability

No debris in area


Haul Roads Things to watch for:

Well maintained, smooth road

Sufcient drainage

Smooth, constant grades

Adequate passing room

Adequate corner radius Expected haul road speeds

are achieved

No debris on roads

No potholes, ruts, gullies

No rubber on tight or

rocky turns

No high braking forces

required on curves


92/129


Strateg

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO REDUCE COSTS

Reducing your cost through proper operating procedures:

To minimize cost, rst look at the big picture, then use a common

sense approach

Select proper type of equipment

Properly equip for the specic job

Properly match buckets and bodies

Stress teamwork and communication Properly set-up load area

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR WHEEL LOADERS

Better bucket fill factors through:

Improved material fragmentation

Correct bucket selection, GET selection and maintenance

Correct face heights


Faster loader cycle times through:




Improved oor condition


93/129


Strateg

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR TRUCKS

Higher average mining truck haul speeds through:

Smoother roads (including loading and dump zones)

VIMSSystem

Truck Payload Measurement (TPM)

Application Severity Analysis (ASA) Road Analysis Control (RAC)

Minimize rolling resistance

Better haul road designs

Reduce switchbacks

Remove cross-overs that require stop signs

Constant grades that minimize transmission gear shifting

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR TRUCKS

Higher average mining truck haul speeds through:

Better payload control to ensure highest possible gear on grade

Use VIMSSystem and VIMSSupervisor

Truck Payload Management System (TPMS)


94/129


Strateg

MANAGEMENT REVIEW


Replace components when they reach 100% wear

Helps penetration thereby increasing bucket fill factor

Better penetration reduces fuel consumption and tire slip

Use worn GET wear patterns as a condition monitoring tool to

manage operating techniques

Use the best option for the application to maximize production

Protect, but dont over protect Increases bucket / implement weight

Decreases payload

Affects GET component life

Reduces penetration and productivity

Better penetration reduces fuel consumption

Adversely affect operating techniques

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO REDUCE COST


Average road speeds

Higher on-grade speeds

Reduced rolling resistance

Reduced corner severity

Removal of speed limits

Improved bucket ll factors and truck/loader match

Reduced truck exchange and waiting times

Reduced fuel consumption Improved component life and machine/eet availability

Improved tire life/reduced tire costs


95/129


Performance Handbook 39Specifications

REFERENCE INFORMATION


96/129

Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 1MACHINE SPECIFICATIONS

Performance Handbook 39 Specificati

TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS

D9T D10T D11T D11T CD

105,600 lb 146,500 lb 230,100 lb 248,600 lb47900 kg 66 451 kg 104 600 kg 113 000 kg

410 hp 580 hp 850 hp 850 hp306 kW 433 kW 634 kW 634 kW

C18 ACERT C27 ACERT C32 ACERT C32 ACERT

17.7 yd3 (13.5 m3) 24.2 yd3 (18.5 m3) 35.5 yd3 (27.2 m3) 21.4 yd3 (16.4 m3) 28.7 yd3 (22 m3) 45.0 yd3 (34.4 m3)

57yd3 (43.6 m3)

14'2" ft/in (4.31 m) 15'11" ft/in (4.86 m) 18'4" ft/in (5.60 m) 15'3" ft/in (4.65 m) 17'3" ft/in (5.26 m) 20'10" ft/in (6.36 m)

22'0" ft/in (6.71 m)

11'5" ft/in 12'9" ft/in 14'7" ft/in 14'7" ft/in3.47 m 3.89 m 4.44 m 4.44 m

13'1" ft/in 14'0" ft/in 15'1" ft/in 15'1" ft/in

4.00 m 4.26 m 4.60 m 4.60 m

1611" ft/in 30'1" ft/in 34'9" ft/in 35'1" ft/in4.91 m 9.16 m 10.59 m 10.70 m

MODEL

Operating Weight

Flywheel Power

Engine Model

Blade Capacity SU U CD

Blade Width SU U CD(included end bits)

Track On Ground

Height To Topof Canopy (ROPS)

Overall LengthSU-Blade & SingleShank Ripper


97/129



MODEL

Operating Weight

Engine

Flywheel Power

Rated Payload

Dump Height

Dump Reach

Bucket Size

Breakout Force

Full Turn Tip Load

992K 993K 993K HL 994F 994F HL 994F SHL

214,000 lb 294,800 lb 296,800 lb 427,300 lb 430,900 lb 467,100 lb97 069 kg 133 637 kg 134 603 kg 193 820 kg 193 782 kg 207068 kg

C32 ACERT C32 ACERT C32 ACERT 3516B 3516B 3516B

801 hp 945 hp 950 hp 1463 hp 1463 hp 1463 hp

597 kW 705 kW 708 kW 1092 kW 1092 kW 1092 kW

25 T 25 T 38 T 35 T 35 T22.7t 22.7t 35t 32t 32t

15.1 ft/in 15'3" ft/in 17'11" ft/in 18'3" ft/in 19'0" ft/in 24'0" ft/in4623 mm 4654 mm 5465 mm 5563 mm 5931 mm 7315 mm

76 ft/in 8'2" ft/in 8'4" ft/in 7'4" ft/in 8'11" ft/in 9'6" ft/in2311 mm 2503 mm 2616 mm 2261 mm 2643 mm 2926 mm

14.0 - 16.0 yd3 16.0 - 19.0 yd3 17 yd3 19.5 - 24.5 yd3 19.5 - 41 yd3 41- 47 yd3

10.7 - 12.2 m3 12.2 - 14.5 m3 13 m3 15.0 - 18.7 m3 15 - 31 m3 31- 36 m3

130,390 lb 159,562 lb 159,416 lb 222,553 lb 203,968 lb 156,562 lb580 kN 709 kN 708.5 kN 990 kN 1015 kN 696 kN

113,159 lb 158,026 lb 131,417 lb 243,760 lb 203,968 lb 152,014 lb51 328 kg 71 667 kg 59 599 kg 110 568 kg 92 518 kg 68 952 kg

WHEEL LOADERS


98/129



834H 844H 854K

103,849 lb 156,120 lb 216,273 lb47 106 kg 70 815 kg 99 100 kg

C18 ACERT C27 C32 ACERT

498 hp 627 hp 801 hp

372 kW 468 kW 597 kW

3.30 yd3 (25.0m3)

58.0 yd3 (45.0m3)

20"7 ft/in (6.32 m)

23"6 ft/in (7.2 m)

4F/3R 3F/3R 3F/3R

23.9 mph (38.5 km/h) 13.0 mph (21.5 km/h) 21.2 km/h (13.2 mph)

13'5" ft/in 16'6" ft/in 18'3" ft/in4.09 m 5.023 m 5590 mm



MODEL

Operating Weight

Engine

Flywheel Power

Blade Capacity SU C S

Blade Width SU C S

Transmission Gears

Top Speed Forward

Height To Top

of (ROPS)

Overall Length(with Dozer)

Over Width

WHEEL DOZERS


99/129



MODEL

Body Type

Gross MachineOperating Weight*

Target Payload*

Maximum CapacityHeaped (2:1) (SAE)

Engine

No. Cylinders

Gross Power

Tires

Top Speed (Loaded)

Loading Height

Overall Length

Overall Width

777F 785D 789C 793D 793D AdditionalStandard (MA1) Retarding (MA2)

Dual Slope Lined Dual Slope Dual Slope MSD II MSD II

360,000 lb 550,000 lb 700,000 lb 846,000 lb 846,000 lb163 293 kg 249 433 kg 317460 kg 383 673 kg 383 673 kg

199,115 lb 146.6tons 198tons 252tons 250tons90 316 kg 133 m tons 180 m tons 228 m tons 227 m tons

78.8 yd3

102 yd3

137 yd3

195 yd3

195 yd3

60.2 m3 78 m3 105 m3 140 m3 140 m3

C32 ACERT 3512C HD-EUI 3516B EUI 3516B HD EUI 3516B HD EUI

12 12 16 16 16

1,016 hp 1,450 hp 1,900 hp 2,415 hp 2,415 hp758 kW 1 082 kW 1 417 kW 1 801 kW 1 801 kW

27.00R49 (E4) 33.00R51 37.00R57 40.00R57 40.00R57

40.1 mph 33.6 mph 32.7 mph 33.7 mph 33.7 mph64.5 km/h 54.1 km/h 52.6 km/h 54.2 km/h 54.2 km/h

14'7" ft/in (empty) 16'4" ft/in 17'1" ft/in 19'4" ft/in 19'4" ft/in4.43 m (empty) 4.97 m 5.21 m 5.87 m 5.87 m

34'6" ft/in (operating) 37'10" ft/in (base body) 38'2" ft/in (base body) 42'9" ft/in (base body) 42'9" ft/in (base body)10.53 m (operating) 11.31 m (base body) 11.63 m (base body) 13.05 m (base body) 13.01 m (base body)

21'4" ft/in 21'10" ft/in 25'2" ft/in 27'2" ft/in 27'2" ft/in6.49 m 6.64 m 7.67 m 8.28 m 8.28 m

*Reference Caterpillars 10/10/20 Payload Policy Revision #4 for .

information on gross machine operating weight and target payload.

LARGE MINING TRUCKS


100/129


101/129



735 740 740 Ejector

69,206 lb (31 391 kg) 72,973 lb (33 100 kg) 78,507 lb (35 610 kg)

141,297 lb (64 091 kg) 160,055 lb (72 600 kg) 162,282 lb (73 610 kg)

36 Tons (32.7 tonnes) 42 Tons (38 tonnes) 42 Tons (38 tonnes)

25.8yd3 (19.7m3) 31.4 yd3 (24 m3) 30.2 yd3 (23.1 m3)

ACERT C15 ACERT C15 ACERT C156 6 6

435hp (324kW) 469hp (350kW) 469hp (350kW)

26.5R25 Radials 29.5R25 Radials 29.5R25 Radials

56'5" ft/in (17.2m) 56'5" ft/in (17.2m) 59'6" ft/in (18.2m)

31.9 mph (51.3 km/h) 34 mph (54.7 km/h) 34 mph (54.7 km/h)


17'2" ft/in (5.23 m) 17'2" ft/in (5.23 m) 18'3" ft/in (5.58 m)


9'10" ft/in (2.98 m) 10'6" ft/in (3.2 m) 10'1" ft/in (3.07 m)

22'4" ft/in (6.81m) 23'4" ft/in (7.1m)



* Includes coolant, lubricant and a full fuel tank. ** Rating dependent on optional equipment. Maximum gross weight

(empty weight plus payload) should not be exceeded.

MODELOperating Weight (Empty)*

Gross Machine Weight

Target Payload

Maximum Capacity**Heaped (2:1) (SAE)

Engine

No. Cylinders

Gross Power SAE J1995

Tires

Circular Clearance Dia.

Top Speed (Loaded)

Height To Top of Cab

Wheelbase(Front-Center of Bogie)

Overall Length

Loading Height (Empty)Height @ Full Dump

Width (Operating)

Front Tire Tread

ARTICULATED DUMP TRUCKS


102/129



MOTOR GRADERS

* Operating weight based on standard machine configuration with ** Minimum turning radius Combining the use of articulated frame steering,

f ul l f uel t an k, c oo la nt , lub rica nt s a nd o pe rat or. 2 4H inc lu de s r ip pe r. f ro nt whe el st eer an d u nloc ke d d iff er en tial .

MODEL

Operating Weight (Empty)*

Flywheel Power

Base: Gears 1 - 8VHP: Gears 4 - 8

Engine Model

No. Cylinders

Blade Length

Minimum Turn Radius**Full Articulation &Front Wheel Steer

Top SpeedForwardReverse

Height To Top of ROPS

Overall Length

Overall WidthAt Top of Front Tires

14M 16M 24M

47,133 lb 57,452 lb 137,692 lb21 379 kg 26 060 kg 62 456 kg

259 hp (193 kW) 297 hp (221 kW) 533 hp (397 kW)274 hp (204 kW) 312 hp (233 kW)

C11 C13 ACERT VHP C18 ACERT

6 6 6

14'0" ft/in 16'0" ft/in 24'0" ft/in4287 mm 4877 mm 7315 mm

25'11" ft/in 29'3" ft/in 40'9" ft/in7.9 m 8.9 m 12.4 m

31.0mph (49.8km/h) 33.5mph(53.9km/h) 26.7mph(43.0km/h)24.5mph(39.4km/h) 26.5mph(42.6km/h) 25.6mph(41.2km/h)

139.2" 145.8" 171.3"3535 mm 3703 mm 4352 m

370.6" 392.2" 558.8"9412 mm 9963 mm 14 194 mm

109.9" 121.9" 168.5"2791 mm 3096 mm 4280 mm


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627G 631G 637G 657G

86,957 lb 105,002 lb 114,559 lb 150,760 lb37 922 kg 47 628 kg 51 963 kg 68 384 kg

330/365 hp 462/500 hp 462/500 hp 564/600 hp(246kW/272kW) (345kW/373kW) (345kW/373kW) (421kW/447 kW)239/266 hp 266/283 hp 410/451 hp(178 kW/198 kW) (198 kW/211 kW) (306kW/337 kW)

C15 ACERT C18 ACERT C18 ACERT C18 ACERTC9 ACERT C9 ACERT C15 ACERT

15.7 yd3 (12 m3) 24 yd3 (18.3 m3) 24 yd3 (18.3 m3) 32 yd3 (24.5 m3)22 yd3 (17 m3) 34 yd3 (26 m3) 34 yd3 (26 m3) 44 yd3 (33.6 m3)

52,800 lb 81,600 kg 81,600 lb 104,000 lb23 950 kg 37 013 kg 37 013 kg 47 174 kg

32 mph 33 mph 33 mph 33 mph51 km/h 53 km/h 53 km/h 53 km/h

9'11" ft/in 11'6" ft/in 11'6" ft/in 12'8" ft/in3.02 m 3.51 m 3.51 m 3.85 m

12'6" ft/in 139 ft/in 13'9" ft/in 15'2" ft/in

3.81 m 4.18 m 4.18 m 4.62 m

42'3" ft/in 48'3" ft/in 48'3" ft/in 53'1" ft/in12.88 m 14.71m 14.71 m 16.2 m

11'9 ft/in 12'11 ft/in 12'11" ft/in 14'4" ft/in3.58 m 3.94 m 3.94 m 4.35 m

MODEL

Approx. OperatingWeight Empty

Flywheel PowerTractor

Scraper

Engine ModelTractorScraper

CapacityStruckHeaped

Rated Load

Top Speed (Loaded)

Width of Cut

Height To Topof Scraper

Overall Length

Overall Width


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AD30 AD45B AD55B

408 hp 587 hp 776/805 hp304 kW 438 kW 597/600 kw

C15 ACERT ATAAC C18 D1 ATAAC C27 ACERT

66,140 lb 89,303 lb 110,231 lb30 000 kg 40 500 kg 50 000 kg

132,280 lb 188,528 lb 231,485 lb60 000 kg 85 500 kg 105 000 kg

18.8 yd3 27.9 yd3 35.2 yd3

14.4 m3 21.3 m3 26.9 m3

14.8 yd3 (11.3 m3) (D) 27.9 yd3 (21.3 m3) (D) 35.2 yd3 (26.9 m3) (D)

18.8 yd3 (14.4 m3) (D) 32.8 yd3 (25.1 m3) (D)22.9 yd3 (17.5 m3) (D)

19.9 yd3 (15.2 m3) (E) 30.0 yd3 (22.9 m3) (E) 35.2 yd3 (26.9 m3) (E)

7'10" ft/in 9'7" ft/in 10'0" ft/in2 385 mm 2 925 mm 3 045 mm



* 1400kg (308701b) tramming only, 12, 500kg,

NOTE: R1700G and R2900G XTRA: For Load, Haul, Carry Only

@rated load. Not truck loading @ rated load.

MODEL

Engine Power

Engine

Empty Weight

Loaded Weight

Capacity M3Heaped (2:1) (SAE)

SAE Body CapacityDump (D)

Ejector (E)

Loading Height

Overall Length

Overall Width


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MODEL

Operating Weight

Engine Power

Engine

Rated Payload

Overall Length

Width Bucket Standard

Bucket Size

Breakout Force SAE

Static Tipping Load

R1300G R1600G R1700G R2900G R2900G Xtra

46,021lb 65,698lb 84,880lb 110,692lb 122,522lb20 875kg 29 800kg 38 500kg 50 209kg 55 757kg

165hp 270hp 323/353hp 430/447hp 430/447hp123kW 201kW 241/263kW 321/333kW 321/333kW

3306 DITA 3176C EUI ATAAC C11 ACERT ATAAC C15 ACERT ATAAC C15 ACERT ATAAC

14,991lb 22,487lb 30,865 lb* 37,920lb 44,092lb6800kg 10 200kg 14 000kg* 17 200kg 20 000kg

28'7" ft/in 31'10" ft/in 34'9" ft/in 35'11" ft/in 37'10" ft/in8714 mm 9710 mm 10 600 mm 10 949 mm 11 083 mm

7'6" ft/in 8'11" ft/in 9'6" ft/in 10'5" ft/in 11'5" ft/in2318 mm 2723 mm 2894 mm 3176 mm 3472 mm

3.1 - 4.4yd3 5.5 - 7.7yd3 6.0 - 11.4yd3 9.4 - 11.6yd3 11.6 - 15.2yd3

2.4 - 3.4m3 4.2 - 5.9 m3 4.6 - 8.8m3 7.2 - 8.9m3 8.9 - 11.6m3

27,518lb 42,505lb 44,321lb 60,298lb 60,298lb12 480kg 19 280kg 20 100kg 27 346 kg 27 346kg

44,866lb 61,950 lb 78,119lb 39,923lb 123,911 lb20 351kg 28 100kg 35 434kg 88 015kg 56 205kg

UNDERGROUND MINING LOADERS


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Mining safely. Mining more. Mining right. 2REFERENCE INFORMATION


MOTOR GRADERS Radial Ply MICHELIN GOODYEAR BRIDGESTONE

Strength Inflation Pressure Inflation Pressure Inflation PressureModel Tire Size Rating Front Rear Front Rear Front Rear

kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi

120M 13.00R24 248 36 345 50 14.00R24 241 35 345 50 248 36 303 44 241 35 310 4517.5R25 207 30 276 40 200 29 248 36 207 30 241 35

12M 13.00R24 207 30 310 45 303 44 400 58 14.00R24 207 30 310 45 228 33 324 47 241 35 310 45

17.5R25207 30 241 35 200 29 276 40 207 30 276 40

140M 14.00R24 241 35 345 50 248 36 352 51 241 35 345 5017.5R25 207 30 207 30 200 29 276 40 207 30 276 40

160M 14.00R24 241 35 345 50 248 36 372 54 241 35 345 5017.5R25 207 30 276 40 228 33 303 44 207 30 310 45

14M 16.00R24 207 30 345 50 248 36 372 54 241 35 379 5520.5R25 207 30 276 40 200 29 303 44 207 30 310 45

16M 23.5R25 , 207 30 241 35 172 25 303 44 207 30 310 4524M 29.5R29 , 345 50 379 55 324 47 372 54 310 45 379 55

*Standard tire and ply rating. Refer to Tire Load Worksheet to determine proper ply rating.

MOTOR GRADERS Bias Ply* GOODYEAR BRIDGESTONE/FIRESTONE

Inflation Pressure Inflation PressureModel Tire Size Ply Rating Front Rear Front Rear

kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi

120M 13.00-24 12 241 35 345 5014.00-24 12, 16 172 25 248 36 207 30 276 4017.5-25 12, 16 172 25 228 33 207 30 241 35

12M 14.00-24 12, 16 172 25 276 40 207 30 276 4017.5-25 12, 16 172 25 248 36 207 30 241 35

140M 14.00-24 12, 16 172 25 303 44 207 30 276 4017.5-25 12, 16 172 25 276 40 207 30 276 40

160M 14.00-24 12, 16 200 29 303 44 207 30 276 40

17.5-25 16 200 29 352 51 207 30 276 4014M 16.00-24 16 172 25 324 47 172 25 310 45

20.5-25 16, 20 172 25 303 44 241 35 379 5516M 23.5-25 16, 20 172 25 276 40 207 30 241 3524M 29.5-29 28 241 35 310 45


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WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERS Bias Ply GOODYEAR BRIDGESTONE/FIRESTONE

Inflation Pressure Inflation PressureModel Tire Size Ply Rating Front Rear Front Rear

kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi kPa psi

611 29.5-25 28 303 44 248 36

613G 23.5-25 16, 20 324 47 324 47 345 50 345 50

621G 29.5-29 34 427 62 427 62 33.25-29 26, 32 400 58 276 40 379 55 379 55

623G 33.25-29 26, 32 400 58 372 54 379 55 379 55

627G 33.25-29 26, 32 400 58 400 58 379 55 379 55

631G 37.25-35 36, 42 427 62 372 54 448 65 448 65

637G 37.25-35 36, 42 448 65 427 62 448 65 448 65

Strength Inflation Pressure Inflation Pressure Inflation PressureModel Tire Size Rating Front Rear Front Rear Front Rear

WHEEL TRACTOR-SCRAPERS Radial Ply MICHELIN GOODYEAR BRIDGESTONE


611 26.5R25 , 414 60 414 60 503 73 503 73 29.5R25 , 348 50 348 50 372 54 324 47 379 55 379 55

613G 23.5R25 , 310 45 310 45 372 54 372 54 379 55 379 55

621G 29.5R29 448 65 379 55 572 83 572 83 517 75 517 7533.25R29 379 55 310 45 448 65 351 51 448 65 448 65

623G 29.5R29 517 75 517 7533.25R29 379 55 379 55 448 65 427 62 448 65 448 65

627G 29.5R29 517 75 517 7533.25R29 379 55 379 55 448 65 448 65 448 65 448 65

631G 37.25R35 517 75 414 60 476 69 427 62 552 80 552 80

637G 37.25R35 517 75 517 75 524 76 476 69 552 80 552 80

657G 40.5/75RR39 586 85 517 75 600 87 600 87 620 90 620 90


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Strength Inflation Pressure Inflation Pressure

ARTICULATED TRUCKS Radial Ply MICHELIN GOODYEAR

Strength Inflation PressureModel Tire Size Rating Front Center Rear

ARTICULATED TRUCKS Radial Ply BRIDGESTONE


725 23.5R25 345 50 379 55 379 55 372` 54 372 54 372 54750/65R25 276 40 310 45 310 45

730 23.5R25 414 60 448 65 448 65 372 54 448 65 448 65750/65R25 310 45 345 50 345 50 303 44 352 51 352 51

730 EJ 750/65R25 276 40 400 58 400 58

735 26.5R25 414 60 414 60 414 60 448 65 400 58 400 58850/65R25 345 50 345 50 345 50

740 29.5R25 414 60 414 60 414 60 372 54 372 54 372 54850/65R25

equipos mineros, subterráneo y superficial

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