Download - Unit1 PRESENTATION
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
UNIT 1 PLANET EARTH
CONTENTS
1- PLANET EARTH
2- MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH: ROTATION AND REVOLUTION
3- LINES AND GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
4- TIME ZONES
5- REPRESENTATION OF THE EARTH
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
LESSON OBJECTIVES: 1- Learn about the Earths structure.
2- Identify and locate continents and oceans
3- Recognise the main continental relief forms and explain their formation (Earths
internal forces and external agents)
4- Describe the distribution of the continental waters, their origin and forms
5- Recognise the relief forms in coastal areas and on the ocean floor.
6- Identify the origins of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions and learn about the
consequences of both phenomena
7- Draw and/or interpret maps, drawings, photographs, texts, charts related to the unit
content
8- Understand the consequences of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes on peoples lives
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
PLANET EARTH
FACTS ABOUT THE EARTH:
3RD PLANET FROM THE SUN
510 KM2
30% LAND AND 70% WATER
THE BLUE PLANET
ITS AN IMPERFECT SPHERE (FLAT AT THE POLES)
2 HEMISPHERES DIVIDED BY THE EQUATOR
SPECIAL CONDITIONS THAT MAKE LIFE POSSIBLE
SURFACE TEMPERATURE
PRESENCE OF LIQUID WATER (USEFUL FOR PEOPLE, ANIMALS, PLANTS)
THE ATMOSPHERE PROTECTS US FROM SOLAR RADIATION
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Planet Earth
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
MOVEMENTS OF THE EARTH TWO MOVEMENTS
ROTATION: ON ITS OWN AXIS, WEST-->EAST DIRECTION; 24 HS
CONSEQUENCE: Succession of days and nights
REVOLUTION: AROUND THE SUN, WEST-->EAST DIRECTION; 365 DAYS, 6 HS
(LEAP YEAR (366 days) EVERY 4 YEARS: 6 HS x 4 years: 24hs 1 extra day: 366
days)
CONSEQUENCE: Eclipses; the 4 seasons (thanks to the inclination of Earths
axis)
SOLSTICES: Summer: Suns rays strike vertically in one hemisphere
(High temperature, many hours of light) Winter in the opposite
hemisphere (Low temperatures, few hours of light)
EQUINOXES Spring/autumn: Suns rays strike at an angle (mild
temperatures, days and night of similar length)
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Rotation
How long does it take the Earth to make a complete rotation?
What is the main consequence of rotation? Why does this happen?
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Revolution
How long does it take the Earth to complete one revolution?
What is the main consequence of revolution?
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Parallels: They go from 0 to 90 south and north
Important parallels: the Equator, Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, Artic and Antarctic Circles.
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Meridians: They go from 0 to 180 east and west from Greenwich
Important Meridians: Meridian 0 or Greenwich
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES
LATITUDE: Distance between any point on the Earths surface and parallel 0
LONGITUDE: Distance between any point on the Earths surface and meridian 0
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Latitude
What is latitude?
What units to do we use to measure latitude?
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Longitude
What is longitude?
What is its maximum value?
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
TIME ZONES
THEY ARE SET TO ESTABLISH AN OFFICIAL TIME IN EVERY COUNTRY
The Earths sphere (360) into equal sections of 15 (24 x 15=360)
Each time zone equals one hour (Reference: GMT: Greenwich Mean Time)
International Date Line
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Oxford University Press Espaa S.A., 2012
MAPS A REPRESENTATION ON A PLANE OF PART OF THE EARTHS SURFACE
CARTOGRAPHY IS THE ART OF MAKING MAPS
MAP SCALE:
PROPORTION BETWEEN AN AREA REPRESENTED ON A MAP AND ITS REAL SIZE
SMALL-SCALE MAPS: REPRESENT LARGE AREAS WITH LITTLE DETAIL
EXAMPLE: A WORLD MAP
LARGE-SCALE MAPS: REPRESENT SMALL AREAS WITH MORE DETAIL
A MAP OF A PROVINCE
TWO TYPES OF SCALES
NUMERICAL: EX: 1/50000
LINEAR/GRAPHIC:
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Map scale
What is map scale?
What is the scale of this map?