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Construction Measurement III(SBQ 3314)Landscape works: Softscape
Lecture By Dr Sarajul Fikri Mohamed
Department of Quantity Surveying, FAB, UTM Skudai Johor, Malaysia
02nd March 2010
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WHAT IS YOUR PERCEPTION
BEFORE AND AFTER
BEFORE AND AFTER
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Pre-cast and Pre-stressed ConcreteCIVIL WORKS
Electrical Installations
Fire Fighting Installations
Air Conditioning Installations
Unit/Split Package/Central
Landscape Works
Single Phase Three Phase
Gas Installations
ELECTRICAL WORKS
MECHANICAL WORKS
LANDSCAPE WORKS
Hard Landscape Soft Landscape
MAIN COURSE COMPONENTS
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1. Main components of soft landscapes
2. SMM2 measurement rules for landscape works
3. Taking off list for landscape works
4. Case study: LANDSCAPE WORKS BILL OF QUANTITIES
5. Studio work : CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN KOMPLEKS IBUPEJABATPOLIS, DAERAH DANG WANGI, KUALA LUMPUR
Table of contents
LANDSCAPE WORKS: SOFTSCAPE
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Landscape works
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The geological structure of land , its soils, animals and its vegetation;the pattern of human activity fields, forests, settlements and local
industries
(International Symposium on Protected Landscapes,1987)
WHAT IS LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE ?
The art of applying scientific principles to the land its
planning,designing, and management for the public health andwelfare, with a commitment to the concept stewardship to the land
What is landscape?
LANDSCAPE WORKS: SOFTSCAPE
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Landscaping is how we use or how we decoratecompound outside a building. Or in other word thedecoration of land where we want to. We can decorate the
land using two techniques, SOFT CAPE or HARD CAPE.
We can use either one or usually people use theCOMBINATION of both of them.
What is landscape?
LANDSCAPE WORKS: SOFTSCAPE
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LANDSCAPE
SOFTLANDSCAPE
HARDLANDSCAPE
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LANDSCAPE WORK
HARD LANDSCAPE SOFT LANDSCAPE
Grass, Shrub,Palm,etc.Pegola, Pathway, etc.
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SOFTLANDSCAPE
Climbers
Shrub
PalmTree
Groundcover
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VIDEO PRESENTATION ILANDSCAPE DESIGN FOR
SMALL HOUSE
Fakulti Alam Bina
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Plants that are smaller in size thantrees and usually multi-stemmed.
Shrubs are most commonly used as awall element in the outdoor room
Applied to small plants (less than 18
inches tall) which cover the ground inplace of turf
SHRUB
Monocotyledons and have only one seed leafAll sword trees have a few very big leavesformed one at a time at stem from a lot ofmaterial and the leaf base is board andencircles the stem
PALM
GROUND
COVER
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TREE
A tree may provide full or partial shade, whilecreating a feeling of intimacy or openness
CLIMBERS
Climbing plants do not have self-supporttrunks or branches and they variousmodifications to lift themselves up towards thesunlight.
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1. GROUND COVER
a) Bougainvillaeab) Hedera helix
2. TREEa) Mesua ferrea
b) Khaya Senegalensisc) Filicium dicipensd) Plumeria rubra
3. PALMa) Roystonea negia
4. SHRUBa) Baphia Natidab) Axonopus Compressus
EXAMPLES
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PALM
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SHRUB, GROUND COVER
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TREE, SHRUB
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WAYVERD WISTRIA
TREE, SHRUB
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TURFING
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Referred to element of the plants whether trees, climbers, shrubs,
herbs or ground covers. Landscape more to organic which its element depends on nature and
times.
Laying out of an area where its design element depends on natural
features.
Definition of soft landscape
LANDSCAPE WORKS
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SOFT LANDSCAPE
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VIDEO PRESENTATION IICREATIVE DECKING
Fakulti Alam Bina
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Measurement rules
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MEASUREMENT RULES
Malaysian Standard Method ofMeasurement of Building Works
2nd Edition (SMM2)
SECTION W
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1. TREES - NO
2. PALMS - NO
3. SCHRUBS - NO
4. GROUND COVERS - NO
5. MAINTENANCE - ITEM
Taking off list
LANDSCAPE WORKS
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1. SITE PREPARATION - M2
2. TOP SOIL / DRESSING - M2
3. CLOSE/SPOT TURFING - M2
4. MAINTENANCE - ITEM
Taking off list: Turfing
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CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OFMEASUREMENT
UNIT
W.15
W.15.1
Seedingand Turfing
Particulars shall be given :
Timing of operations
Method of cultivating anddegree of tilth
Kind, quality, composition
and mix of materialsMethod of application
Method of securing turves
Measurement rules: Turfing
LANDSCAPE WORKS
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Measurement rules:Turfing
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Cynodon dactylon(Bermuda grass)
Botanical name Common name
Cynodon dactylon
Axonopuscompresus
Digitaria didactyla
Bermuda grass
Carpet grass
Serangoon
grass
TURFING
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1. Sprigging
2. Plugging3. Sodding
4. Hydroseeding
Turfing techniques
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SPRIGGING
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PLUGGING
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SODDING
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HYDROSEEDING
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HYDROSEEDING
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CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.15.2 Soiling,
cultivating
treating topsurfaces,
fertilizing for
seeding and
turfing
Stating :
Thickness of soil
Depth of cultivation
The quantity per square
metre of the seed or
fertilizer.
( stated any requirement for watering,weeding, cutting settlement, re-
seeding, protective temporary fencing
)
M2
Measurement rules
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CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.15.3 Mulching.(after planting
to beds)
Stating :- Thickness
Type of mulch
Time
Method of application
M2
Measurement rules
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Measurement rules: Tree
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CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.16
W.16.1
Planting Particulars shall be given :
Timing of operation
Method of cultivating and degree oftilth
Kind, quality, composition and mix of
materials .
Size and type of pits, holes, andtrenches, excavated or formed
Type of support and ties.
Special materials for refilling
Labelling
NO.
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CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.16.2 Trees, young
nursery stock
trees, shrubs,bulbs, corms
and tuber.
Each type of plan shall be given
separately stating:
i Botanical nameii size and root system
iii girth
iv height
v clear stem
( stated any requirement for
watering, weeding, cutting
settlement, re-seeding,
protective temporary fencing )
NO or
Metre.
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Height of trees according to standard specification
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For instant plants:-
1. Planting holes
2. Burlapping/balling
3. Trees transplanting4. Planting
5. Staking
6. Mulching7. Maintenance
PLANTING PROCEDURES
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DELONIX REGIA
(Semarak Api)
TABEBUIA
SPECTABILIS (Tecoma)
TREE
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HOPEA ODARATA
(Merawan Siput Jantan)
CASSIA FISTULA
(Golden Shower)
TREE
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TREE
TREE
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TREE
BILL OF QUANTITIES
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BILL OF QUANTITIES
TYPE OF TREE
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Gardenia carinata (pokok
panda)
Botanical name Common name
Samanea saman
Gardenia carinata
Filicium decipeins
Fixus roxburgii
Hujan-hujan
pokok panda
Kiara payung
Teen
TYPE OF TREE
TYPE OF TREE
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MELAKA TREE MEDANG TEJA TREE
TYPE OF TREE
TYPE OF TREE
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PISANG KIPAS SEMARAK API TREE
TYPE OF TREE
PALM
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ROYSTONEA REGIA
(Cuban Royal Palm)
CRYTOSTACHYS LAKKA
(Sealing Wax Palm)
PALM
PALM
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Paving
Paving and palm
PALM
PALM
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Ravenelamadagascariensis
(Travellers Palm)
Roystonea regia
(Royal Palm)
PALM
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PALM
PALM
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Chrysolidocarpus lutescene
(pokok kuning)
Botanical name Common name
Roystonea olerace
Livistonia chinensis
Ravenalamadagascariensis
Chrysolidocarpus
lutescene
Cebbage palm
Serdang cina
Pisang kipas
Pokok kuning
PALM
BQ:
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BQ:
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Measurement rules: Shrub
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Evergreen anddeciduous, native andexotic.
The mature size of theshrubs selected shouldbe related to theproportions of the spaces
they define, enclose orsubdivide.
SHRUBS
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DURANTA SPP
(Duranta Gold)
OPHIOPOGAN JABURAN
(Jaburan Lily)
SHRUBS
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Acalypha sinesis (pokok teh)
Botanical name Common name
Mussaenda sp.
Hymenocalis
speciosa
Duranta gold
Bourgainvella cv.
Acalypha sinesis
Janda kaya putih
Spider lily
Duranta
Bunga kertas
bright pink
pokok teh
SHRUBS
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BQ:
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Measurement rules:
Ground cover
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More appropriate than grassin situations where softlandscape is required and
where mower access is
difficult. Should be maintained from
the outset with the objectiveof covering the ground
quickly.
GROUND COVERS
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BQ:
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BQ:
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MEASUREMENT RULES
CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.16.3 Hedge plants Each type of hedge shall be
given separately stating :i Botanical name
ii Height,
iii Spacing
iv Number of row and layout.( stated any requirement for
watering, weeding, cutting
settlement, re-seeding,
protective temporary fencing )
NO or
Metre
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MEASUREMENT RULES
CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.16.4 Herbaceous
Plant
Each type measured separately
Stating the :i Botanical name
ii Size
iii Numberper square metre
( stated any requirement forwatering, weeding, cutting
settlement, re-seeding,
protective temporary fencing )
NO.
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MEASUREMENT RULES
CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT
UNIT
W.16.5 Excavating for:
i Forming pits
ii Hole or trench
iii Refilling
iv Removing Surplusexcavated material.
Shall be given in the
description
NO.
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Measurement rules:
Maintenance works
C
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Watering
Weeding
Pruning, shaping and trimming
Fertilizing
Disease and insect pest control
Remove damage or diseased plants
MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE WORKS
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WEEDINGto ensure good establishment by reducingcompetition.
WATERINGit is more effective to soak the soil thoroughly to a
good depth occasionally than to sprinkle it frequently. BEATING UP- to note any dead or failing plants, it can be
replaced during the following planting season.
MAINTENANCE WORKS
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Si f Pl i H l
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Type of plants Min Size
Trees and Palm 3 x 3 x 3
Shrubs and other herbaceous
plant
1 x 1 x 1
Ground CoverPlanting bed Thickness min : 1 0
Width min : 1 6
Size of Planting Holes
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Planting
trees/palms
KAYU PANCANG & PENGIKAT
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KAYU PANCANG & PENGIKAT
MULCHING
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MULCHING
MULCHING
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Bahan sungkupan perludiletakkan padapermukaan lubangtanaman
Bertujuan untukmenghalang proses
pemeluapan
MULCHING
SUNGKUPAN (mulching)
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SUNGKUPAN (mulching)
Jerami
rumput kering
habuk / kulit kayu
Potongan / ranting kayu
keluasan sungkupan ialah
menutupi lubang
METHODOLOGY OF TRANSPLANTING
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Prepare a new hole
Fill the hole with planting mix
Place the plant in the hole
Backfill the hole
Firm the soil to ground line
TREES TRANSPLANTING
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TREES TRANSPLANTING
Tree transplanter is used to deliver
instant trees to site
MEASUREMENT RULES
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MEASUREMENT RULES
CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF MEASUREMENT UNIT
W.16.6 Mulching
(after plantsaround
individual
plants)
Stating :
i Thicknessii Area
(Stated any requirement for
tree-spats, type of mulch, time
and method of application inthe description).
NO.
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Pokok ros boleh disungkup
dengan rumput kering
Pokok ros disungkup
dengan plastik hitam
MEASUREMENT RULES
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MEASUREMENT RULES
CLAUSE ITEM METHOD OF
MEASUREMENT
UNIT
W.16.7 Protection of
plants
Stating the :
i Size
ii Height
iii Girth of tree or spread of
plantsiv Height of wrapping
NO
STACKING & GUYING
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Generally all trees over about 1.5m high require staking initially.
The staking of smaller plants may be considered on exposed sites.
The long stakes for larger trees are approximately 2.8m long, with abutt diameter of 75-100mm, driven 1.0m into the ground. They
should be offset in position from centre of the pit, on the windwardside.
Wire guying, secured above or below ground is an alternativemeans of supporting large trees. Semi-mature trees can beanchored with underground guys, strapped over their rootball andfixed to sleepers below ground.
STACKING & GUYING
STACKING
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Stakingis a stake that is used to support the plant
from physical damage due to wind disturbance
Single staking Multiple-stick staking Types of ropes for
staking
MUTIPLE STICK STAKING
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MUTIPLE STICK STAKING
SINGLE STICK STAKING
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SINGLE STICK STAKING
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Standard tree with single
long stake.
Two long stake- used for
larger trees, or on exposed
sites.
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Standard tree with short stake.
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Types of guards to protect young trees from grazing animals.
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SUMMARYMETHOD OF
MEASUREMENT
SECTION W
SEEDING AND TURFING
SECTION W
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SEEDING AND TURFING
W.15.1 Generally
Particular of the following shall be given
a. Timing of operations
b. Method of cultivating and degree of tilth
c. Kind, quality, composition and mix of materials
d. Method of applicatione. Method of securing turves
W.15.2
Soiling, cultivating treating top surfaces, fertilizing for seeding and
turfing shall be given separately in square metres stating the
thickness of soil, depth of cultivation and the quantity per square
metre of the seed or fertilizer. Any requirement for
SQ.M
W.15.3
Mulching after planting to beds shall be given in square metre stating
the thickness. Any requirements for the type of mulch, time and
method of application shall be given in the description.
SQ.M
CLAUSE DESCRIPTION UNIT
PLANTING
CONTD
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W.16.1 Particulars of the following shall be given :
a. Timing of operation
b. Method of cultivating and degree of tilth
c. Kind and quality, composition and mix of materials.
d. Size and type of pits, holes and trenches, excavated or formed
e. Type of support and ties
f. Special material for refilling
g. Labelling
W.16.2
Trees, young nursery stock trees, bulbs, corms, and tubers shall be
enumerated. Each type of plant shall be given separately stating the
botanical name, the size and roof system, girth, height and clear
stem. Any requirement for watering, weeding and the NOS
W.16.3
Hedge plants shall be enumerated or alternatively given in metres.
Each of type of hedge shall be given separately stating the botanicalname, height, spacing, number of row and layout. Any requirement for
watering, weeding and the like shall be stated. NOS
W.16.4
Herbacous plants shall be enumerated or alternatively given in metres.
Each of type of hedge shall be given separately stating the botanical
name, height, spacing, number of row and layout. Any requirement for
watering, weeding and the like shall be state NOS
CLAUSE DESCRIPTION UNIT
CONTD
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cont'd
W.16.5
Excavating or forming pits, holes or trenches, refilling, removing
surplus excavated material and labelling shall given in the description.
W.16.6
Mulching after plants around individual plants shall be enumerated
stating the thickness and area. Any requirements for tree-spats, type
of mulch, time and method of application shall be given in the
description. NOS
W.16.7
Protection after plants (e.g tree guards, anti desiccant sprays and
wrapping) shall be enumerated stating the size, height and girth of tree
or spread of plant, height of wrapping. NOS
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TAKING OFF LIST
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TAKING OFF LIST
1. SITE CLEARANCE m
2. EXCAVATE TOP SOIL m
3. TURFING AND SEEDING m
4. PLANTING No5. MULCHING (IF ANY) No
6. STAKING (IF ANY) No
7. MAINTENANCE ITEM
TAKING OFF LIST:
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TAKING OFF LIST:
1. SITE CLEARANCE m
2. EXCAVATETOP SOIL m
3. TURFING AND SEEDING m
4. PLANTING No5. MULCHING (IF ANY) No
6. STAKING (IF ANY) No
7. MAINTENANCE ITEM
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Case study
Fakulti Alam Bina
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CASE STUDY
BILLS OF QUANTITIES: LANDSCAPEWORKS
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Studio work
Fakulti Alam Bina
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STUDIO WORK
CADANGAN PEMBANGUNAN KOMPLEKSIBUPEJABAT POLIS, DAERAH DANG WANGI,
KUALA LUMPUR
PLANT SCHEDULE
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TREES
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PALMMEDIUM TREE
GROUND COVER
TURFING