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ROBOLAB
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QUE ES EL ROBOLAB?
Es un lenguaje utilizado para programarlos robots.Fotos, llamados iconos representan
funciones diferentes para crear la lgicade su programa.Uso de la Torre de infrarrojos se puededescargar los programas que escribenen su RCX.
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Introduccin
Haga doble clic en
el acceso directo de
ROBOLAB para
iniciar la aplicacin.
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Introduccin
Haga clic en el
botn del
programador
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Introduccin
Haga doble clic en
Inventor 4 para que
aparezca una
ventana deprograma en blanco.
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Un programa sencillo
Ahora vamos a escribir un programa
simple con ROBLAB
Este programa girara a uno de los
motores durante 2 segundos y luego se
apagar.
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Un programa sencillo
Esta es una ventana de
programa en blanco.
La luz verde es el
comienzo del programa.
La luz roja es el final del
programa.
La paleta de funciones
contiene todos los
iconos que tendr queescribir el programa.
Blank Program Window
Functions Palette
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Un programa sencillo
The first icon is the motor.
Select the icon with the A over
the motor because the motor is
connected to Port A.
The arrow shows what direction
the motor will run. Choose theone pointing to the right.
Click the icon and place it in the
program window. Click again
over the spot where you want to
place the icon. For information about each icon,
click Help, then Show Help.
Help Window
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Un programa sencillo
Motors can be
programmed to run
at different power
levels, from1(lowest) to
5(highest).
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Un programa sencillo
Iconos del nivel de
poder se encuentran
los modificadores de
los sub-paleta,situada en la paleta
Functions.
Haga clic en el
icono de nivel 5 ycolocarlo debajo del
motor.
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Un programa sencillo
A continuacin
ponemos un retardo
de tiempo para que
el motor funcionedurante 2 segundos.
El icono se puede
encontrar en la
paleta de sub-con laimagen de un reloj.
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Un programa sencillo
Para enlazar todos los
iconos juntos para
hacer de la ejecucin
del programa, ahora
necesitamos la
herramienta de
alambre.
Seleccione el men de
Windows, acontinuacin, Mostrar
paleta de herramientas
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Un programa sencillo
Here the wire tool
has been selected
Wire Tool
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Un programa sencillo
Dont forget to
connect the Power
Level Modifier to the
motor.
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The RCX
This is the brain of
your robot.
The inputs (sensors)
are connected toports 1, 2, and 3
The outputs
(motors, lamps) areconnected to ports
A, B, and C
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RCX Buttons
On-Off turns the RCX onand off. The RCX shutsitself off after 15 minutesunless changed in setup
Run starts and stops theprogram
Prgm selects whichprogram you want to run.You can store up to 5 at
once. View lets you view the
values at the ports. Thisis useful when looking atsensor values.
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Downloading to the RCX
Turn on the RCX.
Select a programnumber to store it.
Place the InfraRedTower 6 to 8 inchesfrom the RCX.
Make sure the
receiver is facing thetower.
InfraRed Tower
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Downloading
Select Run from theOperate menu.
This starts
downloading theprogram.
The RCX will makea rising sweep
sound if thedownload wassuccessful.
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Problems when downloading
If any of the icons
are not connected
properly you will see
an error listdescribing what the
problem is.
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If you get an error
Make sure the InfraRedTowers serial cable isconnected to thecomputer.
Make sure the RCX ison.
Try moving the RCXcloser to the tower.
Check the batteries (9Vin tower and 6 AA inRCX).
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Other Tools
The Select tool letsyou select icons so
you can move them
or delete them. The Text tool lets
you put text in the
program window.
Select
Text
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Other Tools
The replace tool lets
you replace an icon
without rewiring.
Replace Tool
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Using the replace tool
Lets replace the 2 second delay with an 8
second delay.
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Using the replace tool
Select the replace
tool and left click the
2 second display
icon. Select replace from
the menu and a new
functions palette
should appear.
New Functions Palette
Replace
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Using the replace tool
Select the 8 second
delay from the
palette.
8 secondDelay
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Using the replace tool
The program has now been changed from a 2
second delay to an 8 second delay.
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Loops
Loops allow you to
repeat part of the
program so you
dont have to rewritethe same part over.
These are the icons
beginning and end
of a loop.
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Loops
You can specify thenumber of times youwant the loop torepeat with a textbox modifier.
You can also usethe random dice
modifier to have theloop repeat arandom number oftimes.
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Jumps
These are the jumpand land icons
You can have more
than one jump perprogram.
Keep them separateby assigning a
number or using adifferent color foreach.
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Examples using loops and jumps
Here are some examples of a program
that tells the RCX to beep every
second.
The first 2 are examples of finite loops.
The 3rd implements an infinite loop.
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Example 1
This program beeps every second.
It does this for 10 loops.
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Example 2
This program beeps every second.
It does this for a random number of loops.
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Example 3
This program beeps every second.
It does this forever.
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The Touch Sensor
Remember to specify
the port that the sensor
is connected to.
The sensors are usually
used to control motors
and lights.
The fork allows the
program to run based
on the position of thesensor.
Wait until
pressed
Wait until
released
Touch
Sensor
Fork
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The Light Sensor
These are used to
detect light levels
between 0 and 100.
The top icon waits until
the level is above the
given value of 50.
The bottom icon waits
until the level is below
the given value of 50.
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The Light Sensor
The top icon waits until
the light level is a
certain percentage
above the current level.
The bottom waits untilthe light level is a
certain percentage
below the current level.
In both cases, thepercentage is 5%.
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Timers
There are 3 timers.
The program can wait
for a certain amount of
time.
1 sec = 10 timer counts.
Make sure you reset the
timer at the beginning of
your program.
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Example using a timer
This program times how long it takes for
someone to push in a touch sensor.
If the sensor is pressed within 3
seconds of starting the program a
descending sweep sound will be played.
If more than 3 seconds pass a different
rising sweep sound will be played.
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Timer Example
Reset the red timer.
Wait for touch sensor to be pressed.
Play appropriate sound based on the time
elapsed.
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Containers
Another word for
container is variable.
Variables are a number
you dont know until you
run the program.
Can have up to 3.
You can zero a
container, give it a
number, or give it the
value of a sensor.
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Container Math Operations
Add 4 to
the
container
value.
Multiply
container
value by 2.
Subtract 3
from the
container
value.
Divide
container
value by 1.
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Containers
You can use the
value of a container
to set the power
level for an outputsuch as a light or
motor.
Container Value
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Example using a container
This program starts out with the power
level of the motor at 0.
Every time the sensor is pressed the
power level increases by 1.
When the sensor has been pressed 6
time the motor shuts off.
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Multiple Tasks
This allows your
program to do 2 or
more things at the
same time. Each task must end
with a red stoplight.
You can have up to
10 separate tasks in
a program.
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Example using tasks
This program has 3 tasks.
The 1st turns on motor A for 45 seconds thenturns it off.
The 2nd
plays a rising sweep then waits arandom amount of time before repeatingthis happens 4 times.
The 3rd turns motor C on for 1 second then
turns it off and waits 2 seconds thishappens a random number of times.
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Task Example
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Debugging
Even if the program successfully
downloads to the RCX, the program
may not work the way you expect it to.
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Debugging Hints
Have your program play a sound when itreaches a certain point if you hear thesound you know your program got to thatpoint this is especially good for forkdebugging.
Sounds and lamps are a good way to seethe value of a container.
Add time delays to slow down the actions ofyour robot so that you have time to thinkabout what is going on.
Keep trying until your program works the way