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Catlab

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  • www.reecotech.com.vn

    H THNG THIT B NGHIN CU XC

    TC: CATLAB PCS / MS

    H Ni, 04/2014

    Trnh by: Trn Minh Hi

  • www.reecotech.com.vn 2

    1. THNG TIN S LC V CNG TY REECO

    2. H THNG THIT B CATLAB PCS / MS

    3. MT S THIT B NGHIN CU VT LIU HP

    PH, XC TC KHC

    NI DUNG

  • Thng tin chung www.reecotech.com.vn 3

    Website

    Tm kin trn Google

  • Lnh vc kinh doanh v Phng chm hot ng www.reecotech.com.vn 4

    KIN THC KINH NGHIM

    NI THT PTN NI THT PTN

    D N CHUYN GIAO KH&CN D N CHUYN GIAO KH&CN

    THIT B KHOA HC K THUT THIT B KHOA HC K THUT

    L i din c quyn, phn phi thit b v h thng KHKT cho cc hng ch to hng

    u th gii.

    Cc thit b v h thng KHKT c xut x t US, EURO, Israel hoc Nht Bn.

    i ng cn b, nhn vin c trnh i hc v trn i hc c o to c bn v

    chuyn su, vi s h tr o to t cc

    hng sn xut.

    To dng mi lin kt hiu qu gia cc nh khoa hc, chuyn gia ci tin, sng to vi

    cng ng doanh nghip SX KD.

  • Sn phm v cc lnh vc KHKT lin quan www.reecotech.com.vn 5

    THIT B KHOA HC K THUT THIT B KHOA HC K THUT

    Specializing in

    Pressure Swing Adsorption Studies

    Humidity Generators Gas

    Separation Processes

    WORLD LEADING

    SORPTION

    INSTRUMENTS

    >1,400,000 instruments installed

    around the world!

    Thermo

    imaging

    instruments

    for clinical

    applications.

  • KHCH HNG TIU BIU KHCH HNG TIU BIU

    1. Trung tm Nghin cu Vt liu Cu trc Nano v Phn t, TP. HCM

    2. Trng H Khoa hc T nhin TP. HCM

    3. Trng H Cn Th

    4. Vin Ti nguyn v Mi trng, TP. HCM

    5. Vin Hi dng hc, Nha Trang Khnh Ha

    6. Trung tm Quan trc Ti Nguyn v Mi trng tnh k Nng

    7. Cng ty Qun l Khai thc Dch v Thy li TP. HCM

    8. Trung tm Mi trng v Nng lng TP. HCM

    9. Trung tm Quan trc mi trng, Tng cc Mi trng

    10. Bnh vin Nguyn Tri Phng

    Sn phm v cc lnh vc KHKT lin quan www.reecotech.com.vn 6

  • An Integrated Microreactor Mass Spectrometer for

    Reaction Testing, TPD/R/O and Pulse Chemisorption

    Hiden CATLAB SYSTEM Hiden CATLAB SYSTEM

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 7

  • CATLAB Schematic

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 8

    Module 1:

    - Interchangeable catalyst cartridge

    system.

    - In-Bed thermocouple.

    - Sample mass: typically 25 - 250mg,

    2.0g (opt)

    - P: ambient

    - T: ambient to 1000C, accuracy: +/- 1C

    - Ramp rate: 1 to 20C/min

    - MFC: 4 streams 3-100ml/min, 8 streams (opt)

    - Air thermostat and trace heating to minimise

    condensation of liquid feeds / products

  • Module 2: Hiden QGA Mass Spectrometer

    - Multiple Gas and Vapour Analysis : 200

    amu mass range, 300 or 510 amu (opt).

    - High Sensitivity: detection to 100 ppb.

    - < 300 ms response time to changes in gas

    concentrations.

    - Fast data acquisition: up to 500

    measurements per second.

    - Low dead volume, heated inlet for fast

    response to vapours.

    - Soft ionization (APSI-MS soft ionisation mode) for reduced spectral

    fragmentation and simplified data interpretation.

    - Operate as stand-alone components, could be interfaced with existing lab

    equipment such as TGAs (TG-MS) or Gas Chromatographs.

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 9

    The HAL

    201 RC type:

    gold plated

    ion source &

    UHV

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 1

    0

    FLOW CONTROL

    MODULE

    Standard CATLAB Layout

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 11

    CATLAB Control Software

    Control of Mass Spectrometer, Temperature and Gas Flows in one

    software package

  • Hardware Control Parameters

    Control and calibration of

    MFCs for different gases Mass Spectrometer Control Furnace Control

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 12

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 13

    - Stage 1: Configure the temperature profile of the experiment - set

    ramp rate, set point and dwell time for each stage

    Experimental Setup

  • Stage 2: Configure gas flows/Pulses for each stage of the experiment

    - MFC Assistant to help calculate percentage composition of each

    component in gas mixture for the selected flow CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 14

    Experimental Setup (cont)

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 15

    MFC Gas Mix Library Editor Gas Mix Calculator

    Gas Mixing Control

    Experimental Setup (cont)

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 16

    Stage 3: Add measurement stages. Stages are triggered by time or temperature

    depending where on the temperature profile the start/stop is placed. Different

    MS analysis types can be configured for each stage of the experiment.

    Experimental Setup (cont)

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 17

    MID Scan setup for known species. Automatic overlap removal.

    Includes library of most common gases. Ion source control for each

    species preferential ionisation of some overlapping gases.

    Mass Spectrometer Control

  • CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 18

    - Multiple Bar scans can be configured in 3 subscan sections for

    optimised sampling of unknowns.

    - Ion source control for each subscan

    Mass Spectrometer Control

  • Data plotted with x-axis as time or temperature

    MS Data Display

    TPR Data

    TPR Data

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 19

  • 3D Bar Graph mode for easy identification of bar mode trends

    MS Data Display (cont)

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 20

  • Data Analysis

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 21

    - 3D Bar, 2D Bar and MID modes all available in data analysis mode.

    - Multiple export/print options.

    - Export selectable masses or whole scan to NIST database for identification of

    unknowns.

    - 2D Bar and MID view linked to enable viewing of Bar scan at any point in the

    MID trace and vice versa.

  • - Peak fitting analysis routines

    - Integrated area

    - Baseline subtraction

    Data Analysis (cont)

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 22

  • Pulse Chemisorption

    Injection of single gases or multiple reactants

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 23

  • Pulse Chemisorption Quantification

    Uptake measurements; Dispersion calculation; Metal surface

    area; Pulse Adsorption Isotherm

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 24

  • Video clip v h thng CATLAB

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 25

  • Selected CATLAB Users

    Johnson Matthey

    Texas A&M University

    Hong Kong University

    Cambridge University

    Bayreuth University

    Research complex at Harwell

    Sao Paolo University

    Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

    Universit catholique de Louvain

    Kunming University

    ETH Zurich

    PDVSA (Petroleum of Venezuela)

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 26

  • Selected Academic References

    Electronic and Geometric Structure of Ce3+ Forming Under Reducing Conditions in Shaped Ceria Nanoparticles Promoted by Platinum . J. Phys. Chem. C, 2014, 118 (4), pp 19741982. O. V. Safonova, A.

    Guda, C. Paun, N. Smolentsev, P. M. Abdala, G. Smolentsev, M. Nachtegaal, J. Szlachetko, M. A. Soldatov, A.

    V. Soldatov, and J. A. van Bokhoven

    The effect of coke deposition on the activity and selectivity of HZSM-5 zeolite during ethylbenzene alkylation reaction in the presence of ethanol. Catal. Sci. Technol., 2014, 4, 1017-1027. Sulaiman S.

    Khattaf, C. DAgostino, Muhammad Naseem Akhtar, Nabil Othman Al-Yassir, Nicholas Tan and Lynn F.

    Gladden.

    Reaction Kinetics of C3H6 Oxidation for Various Reaction Pathways Over Diesel Oxidation Catalysts . Topics in Catalysis, December 2013, Volume 56, Issue 18-20, pp 1916-1921. Harry Oh, Izabela S. Pieta,

    Jinyong Luo, William S. Epling

    An investigation of the role of surface nitrate species in the oxidation of propene on a Pt-based diesel oxidation catalyst.. Catal. Sci. Technol., 2013, 3, 2349-2356 Sarayute Chansai, Robbie Burch, Christopher

    Hardacre, Harry Oh, and William S. Epling.

    Molybdenum oxide on Fe2O3 core-shell catalysts; probing the nature of the structural motifs responsible for methanol oxidation catalysts .ACS Catal., 2014, 4 (1), pp 243250, Catherine Brookes , Peter P Wells ,

    Giannantonio Cibin , Nikolaos Dimitratos , Wilm Jones , David J Morgan , and Michael Bowker.

    Chiral Co(II) metal-organic framework in the heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of alkenes under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. ACS Catal., 2014, 4, pp 10321039 Giulia Tuci, Giuliano Giambastiani, Stephanie

    Kwon, Peter Curran Stair, Randall Q. Snurr and Andrea Rossin

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 27

  • 1. Nghin cu bn ca cc h xc tc Pd/ gi mang -Al2O3 trong qu trnh t chy

    xc tc metan c s hin din ca kh gy c SO2

    The durability of alumina supported Pd catalysts for the combustion of methane in the

    presence of SO2

    2. Lin h gia cu trc v tnh nng ca cc xc tc nn tng Cu cu trc xp trong kh

    chn lc NOx t kh thi ca cc ng c diesel

    Structure-performance relationships of Cu based porous catalysts for selective catalytic

    reduction (SCR) of NOx gases from diesel exhausts.

    3. nh hng ca tc gia nhit trong kh graphite oxide nhit thp n xp ca

    sn phm

    The effect of heating rate on porosity production during the low temperature reduction of

    graphite oxide.

    4. Sng lc xc tc cho vic gim loi H2S ca dng biogas cp liu cho pin nhin liu

    mui carbonate nng chy

    Screening of catalysts for H2S abatement from biogas to feed molten carbonate fuel cells.

    5. Nghin cu c tnh xc tc bng phng php nhit lng hp ph

    Calorimetric Adsorption for Catalyst Characterisation

    Customer Research Stories

    ISSUE : 1120/07

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 28

    1120/01 1120/06 1120/03

  • Summary

    Integrated microreactor and mass spectrometer

    Both microreactor and mass spectrometer manufactured by Hiden

    Single integrated software package to control MS and microreactor

    Ideal for catalyst characterisation and reaction testing

    Designed for optimum mass spectrometer performance

    CATLAB System for Catalysis Studies & Thermal Analysis www.reecotech.com.vn 29

  • 1/ Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh ca hng L&C, USA

    H thng tch hp 03 cng ngh: Hp ph p sut chuyn i (PSA), Hp ph chn khng chuyn i (VSA), v Hp ph nhit chuyn i (TSA).

    PSA-300LC

    (2cc VMu 20cc)

    nh gi kh nng

    phn tch, tinh sch

    kh ca cc loi vt

    liu mi .

    PSA-1000

    (150cc VMu 3500cc)

    Thch hp cho cc d n

    R&D, thit lp pilot tinh

    sch kh hoc trin khai

    sn xut loi vt liu cho

    mc ch ny. Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh www.reecotech.com.vn 30

  • Cc lnh vc s dng TB kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh

    1.1/ Bt gi v c lp kh CO2

    CO2 thot ra c coi l nguyn nhn

    ch yu gy bin i kh hu, lm cho

    tri t nng ln, m v nguy c th Vit

    Nam l mt trong 5 nc hng chu nng

    nht. GS.TSKH. H S Thong, PetroTimes.

    CO2 thot ra c coi l nguyn nhn

    ch yu gy bin i kh hu, lm cho

    tri t nng ln, m v nguy c th Vit

    Nam l mt trong 5 nc hng chu nng

    nht. GS.TSKH. H S Thong, PetroTimes.

    Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh www.reecotech.com.vn 31

  • 1.2/ Phn tch cc hydrocarbon nh, k c tinh sch kh TN, biogas,

    1.3/ Phn tch khng kh

    Nitrogen Generator Portable Oxygen

    Concentrator

    Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh www.reecotech.com.vn 32

  • ng dng nghin cu:

    - Phn tch, lu gi CO2

    bng vt liu MOFs;

    - Loi b kh c VOC trong

    kh thi, nitrosamines trong

    khi thuc l,;

    - Tinh sch kh thin nhin,

    biogas.

    KHCH

    HNG

    TIU

    BIU:

    Integrated

    software

    HR/Vapor Generator

    PSA/VSA/TSA System

    MS

    Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh www.reecotech.com.vn 33

  • 0.00E+00

    5.00E-10

    1.00E-09

    1.50E-09

    2.00E-09

    2.50E-09

    0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

    Ion

    Cu

    rre

    nt,

    A

    Time, Sec

    MS

    MS:16 MS:18 MS:44

    PSA Data

    Thit b kho st Phn tch & Tinh sch kh www.reecotech.com.vn 34

  • SpaciMS for determination of intra catalyst reactor chemistry www.reecotech.com.vn 35

    2. HIDEN SPACI- MS

    SPACI-MS (Spatially Resolved Capillary Inlet MS): probing inside of a

    monolith, aims at revealing what is happening inside the blackbox.

  • Measurements:

    - Pinpoint and measure diverse pollutants

    inside narrow channels of catalyst

    monoliths

    - Determine transient species distribution in

    reactors

    - Minimal disruption of reactor flow and

    catalyst chemistry

    - For sampling from confined space

    reactors

    - Channelised automotive engine catalysts

    - Catalysed Fuel Reformers

    - Proton Exchange Membranes

    - Fuel Cell Flow Channels

    - Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) in

    internal combustion engines

    Up to 16 capillary sampling probes and

    thermocouples

    SpaciMS for determination of intra catalyst reactor chemistry www.reecotech.com.vn 36

  • 3. Gas sorption & vapor sorption analysis instruments

    WORLD LEADING SORPTION

    INSTRUMENTS

    The IMI Series offers a multifunctional platform for the

    study of physisorption, chemisorption and gas absorption

    by materials, from entry level manometric analyzers to

    advanced multistream dynamic flow systems.

    The IGA Series: The unique IGA method exploits the

    relaxation of the sample after pressure or temperature

    change to simultaneously determine kinetic parameters

    and equilibrium uptake.

    The IGAsorp is a fully automated bench top gravimetric

    analysis system designed to quickly and accurately

    measure the magnitude and kinetics of moisture

    sorption by materials.

    The XEMIS is a high accuracy sorption microbalance

    for precision weighing in extreme environments.

    Available as a standalone microbalance or as part of a

    fully integrated sorption analyzer, the XEMIS provides

    remarkable flexibility, as well as outstanding weighing

    stability and accuracy.

    Product Applications

    Gas sorption analysis

    Isotherm determination

    Kinetic analysis

    Thermodynamic studies

    Hydrogen storage

    Methane storage

    Carbon dioxide sequestration

    Gas separation and purification

    Supercritical gas adsorption

    Shale gas and coal bed methane

    Gas solubility in ionic liquids

    Chemisorption studies

    Chemical reaction studies

    Porous coordination frameworks

    Activated carbon, carbon molecular sieves and templated carbons

    Zeolites and zeotypes

    Porous polymers

    Gas sorption & vapor sorption analysis instruments www.reecotech.com.vn 37

  • Thng tin lin h:

    ThS. Trn Minh Hi

    Cng ty TNHH Khoa hc v K thut REECO

    /c: 46/41/37 ng Vn Chui, P. 4, Q. 3, TP. H Ch Minh

    T: 0903166704 Email: [email protected]

    Website: www.reecotech.com.vn

    Thng tin lin h:

    ThS. Trn Minh Hi

    Cng ty TNHH Khoa hc v K thut REECO

    /c: 46/41/37 ng Vn Chui, P. 4, Q. 3, TP. H Ch Minh

    T: 0903166704 Email: [email protected]

    Website: www.reecotech.com.vn

    Cm n Qu v lng nghe!

  • H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph - Nghin cu xc

    nh chc nng, c tnh ca Xc tc d th.

    Module 1: L vi phn ng, kim sot

    cht ch thng s dng v nhit ;

    Module 2: My khi ph t cc.

    - H thng cartridge thay mu kho st.

    - u d nhit ti v tr mu trong cell o.

    - Khi lng mu: 25 - 250mg, 2.0g (opt)

    - p sut: p sut mi trng xung quanh

    - Nhit : mi trng 1000C, 1C

    - Tc gia nhit: t 1 n 20C/pht

    - MFC: 4 dng 3-100ml/pht, 8 dng (opt)

    Module 1: L VI PHN NG

    Sn phm v cc lnh vc KHKT lin quan www.reecotech.com.vn 39

  • - Phn tch lin tc , nhiu thnh phn kh v

    hi cng lc vi gii o: 0 200 amu, n

    300 hoc 510 amu (opt).

    - nhy cao: 100 ppb.

    - Thi gian cho p ng < 300 ms i vi s

    thay i nng kh.

    - Ly s liu cc nhanh: 500 php o/giy.

    - Tch hp chc nng phn tch CO khi c hin din ca N2 v CO2.

    - S dng k thut ion ha mm gip gim phn mnh ph v n gin ha s liu.

    - Dead-volume rt thp, u thu mu dng ng mao qun thch anh c gia nhit,

    gip chng ngng t v cho nhy cao vi trong phn tch hi.

    - Vn hnh l mt thit b phn tch c lp, hoc kt hp d dng thnh mt h

    thng vi cc thit b khc trong nh Phn tch nhit (TG-MS), sc k, l phn

    ng,... My khi ph phn tch nh lng kh www.reecotech.com.vn 40

    Model QGA:

  • H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 41

    ng dng ca H thng CATLAB: Nghin cu xc nh chc nng, c tnh ca Xc tc d th.

    Xc nh din tch b mt/ bao ph ca kim loi (Phng php:

    Hp ph/ Gii hp theo chng trnh nhit - TPD).

    Nng lng lin kt ca cc phn t hp ph (TPD).

    ng hc phn ng (p chy, oxi ha, metan ha), (TPRx).

    Xc nh axit b mt, (NH3 / Pyridine TPD).

    Kho st tnh hon nguyn ca xc tc, (TPR).

    C ch phn ng, (TPRx).

    Xc nh c tnh ca b mt kt ta carbon, (TPO).

  • Phng php Gii hp theo chng trnh nhit (TPD)

    Phng php TPD (Temperature Programmed Desorption) c thc hin thng

    qua vic gia nhit tuyn tnh mu xc tc c cho tip xc trc (predose)

    vi mt tc cht nht nh, ng thi theo di, xc nh, nh gi cc kh thot ra

    trong sut qu trnh gia nhit ny. PP ny cho php:

    Xc nh dng, s lng v mnh ca cc tm hot ng xc tc;

    ng hc hp ph v C ch gii hp;

    Nng lng hot ha hp ph/ gii hp;

    Nhit hp ph;

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 42

    Bc phn ng gii hp ph (Order of Desorption)

    - Bc 0: tc gii hp khng ph thuc vo

    bao ph

    - Bc 1: tc gii hp ~ ( bao ph tc thi)1

    - Bc 2: tc gii hp ~ ( bao ph tc thi)2 Nhit

    2nd order

    1st order

    0 order

  • Phng php Kh theo chng trnh nhit (TPR)

    Phng php TPR (Temperature Programmed Reduction) kho st phn

    ng kh ca H2 vi vt liu xc tc.

    S(solid) + 1% H2/He R(solid) + H2O

    PP ny cho php:

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 43

    Xc nh cc tiu phn kh c trn b

    mt xc tc;

    Xc nh s oxi ha biu kin ca xc tc

    kim loi gn trn gi mang hoc ion kim loi

    trong zeolite v oxit;

    Xc nh tng tc gia gi mang v kim

    loi;

    nh hng hin tng trn y (spillover

    phenomena) v s hnh thnh hp kim.

    Kho st TPR trn mu CuO

  • Phng php Oxi ha theo chng trnh nhit (TPO)

    Phng php TPO (Temperature Programmed Oxidation) dng

    kh Oxi long oxi ha b mt xc tc hoc kt ta carbon.

    Phng php c ng dng :

    Nghin cu qu trnh oxi ha;

    Kim tra mc oxi ha b mt;

    Kho st iu kin v nhit thiu kt nhm loi b nhng

    tp cht lm nh hng phn ng ca pha hot ng xc tc.

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 44

  • Phng php Phn ng theo chng trnh nhit (TPRx)

    Phng php TPRx (Temperature Programmed Reaction) c th c thc

    hin di hai iu kin:

    1. Cho xc tc ng hp ph cc tc cht phn ng trc khi thc hin

    chng trnh gia nhit trong kh tr.

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 45

    2. a hn hp tc cht phn ng i qua

    xc tc bng dng kh mang song song

    vi vic thc hin CT gia nhit.

    Cho php:

    c tnh cc thng s ng hc;

    Ti u ha nhit phn ng;

    Nghin cu c ch phn ng;

    Nghin cu s gim hot tnh xc tc.

    Kho st TPRx phn ng reforming

    trn xc tc Ni to sysgas

    CH4 + CO2 2H2 + 2CO

  • K thut kho st hp ph ha hc xung ng xc nh tng lng

    hp thu, din tch b mt v phn tn xc tc kim loi (vd: Pd/Al2O3).

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 46

  • Sc k kh

    (GC)

    u do nhit &

    dn (TCD)

    Khi ph

    (QMS)

    u im C th phn tch c

    nhiu kh gii hp.

    nh lng chnh xc

    kh phn tch.

    Cho tn hiu o lin

    tc ca MT thnh

    phn phn tch.

    Cho tn hiu o lin tc,

    xc nh ng thi CC

    thnh phn phn tch.

    nh lng chnh xc kh

    phn tch.

    D dng pht hin r kh

    v thnh phn khng tinh

    khit (gy nhim bn).

    Nhc im Khng th thc hin

    c cc php o lin

    tc.

    Khng th xc nh

    c mt thnh phn

    cha nh danh m m

    khng kt hp thm

    vi detector.

    Ch c th theo di

    lin tc mt thnh

    phn phn tch c

    trong kh mang.

    Nc tuyt i

    khng c c trong

    dng kh phn tch.

    Vn chi ph ?!

    Bng so snh u v nhc im ca cc loi Detector dng kho st xc

    tc bng k thut chng trnh nhit 1

    1. A. Trovarelli,6th Italian Chem. Soc. Seminar on Catalysis, 2001, 220

    H thng L vi phn ng kt ni vi My khi ph www.reecotech.com.vn 47