bdd con behat y mink en symfony2

Desarrollo guiado por comportamiento (BDD)con Symfony2, Behat y Mink – Carlos Granados

Carlos Granados

• Desarrollo basado en funcionalidad


¿Qué es BDD?

• Desarrollo basado en comportamiento• Pasar tests != funcionalidad conseguida • Historias en lenguaje natural y compartido• Lenguaje definido y automatizable • Las historias dirigen nuestro desarrollo• Podemos comprobar la funcionalidad


Historias (Stories)

• Características (Features)• As a [role] I want [feature] so that [benefit]• Escenarios (Scenarios) y pasos (Steps)• Precondiciones (Given …)• Acciones (When…)• Resultados (Then…)


Feature: Account Holder withdraws cash

As an Account HolderI want to withdraw cash from an ATMSo that I can get money when the bank is closed Scenario 1: Account has sufficient funds

Given the account balance is 100€ And the card is valid And the machine contains enough money When the Account Holder inserts the card And the Account Holder requests 20€ Then the ATM should dispense 20€ And the account balance should be 80€ And the card should be returned Scenario 2: ...


Gherkin

• El lenguaje de cucumber• Lenguaje natural y comprensible• Lenguaje específico y definido• Lenguaje automatizable• Similar a YAML• Ficheros .feature


Behat

• BDD para php• Inspirado por cucumber• Herramienta de línea de comandos• Disponible en varios idiomas• Más información en http://behat.org


#features/atm.featureFeature: Account Holder withdraws cash

As an Account HolderI want to withdraw cash from an ATMSo that I can get money when the bank is closed Scenario: Account has sufficient fundsGiven the account balance is 100€ And the card is valid And the machine contains enough money When the Account Holder inserts the card And the Account Holder requests 20€ Then the ATM should dispense 20€ And the account balance should be 80€ And the card should be returned Scenario: ...


$ behatFeature: Account Holder withdraws cashAs an Account HolderI want to withdraw cash from an ATMSo that I can get money when the bank is closed Scenario 1: Account has sufficient funds #features/atm.feature:7

Given the account balance is 100€ ...1 scenario ( 1 undefined)8 steps (8 undefined)You can implement undefined steps with these code snippets:

/** * @Given /^the account balance is (\d+)€$/ */public function theAccountBalanceIs($argument1){

throw new PendingException();}...


// features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php<?php use Behat\Behat\Context\BehatContext, Behat\Behat\Exception\PendingException; class FeatureContext extends BehatContext{ /** * @Given /^the account balance is (\d+)€$/ */ public function theAccountBalanceIs ($argument1) { throw new PendingException (); }}


// features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php<?php use Behat\Behat\Context\BehatContext, Behat\Behat\Exception\PendingException; class FeatureContext extends BehatContext{ /** * @Given /^(?:|the )account balance is (\d+)€$/ */ public function setAccountBalance ($balance) { $user = $this->getContainer()->getUser(); $account = $user->getAccount(); $account->setBalance($balance); }}


$ behatFeature: Account Holder withdraws cashAs an Account HolderI want to withdraw cash from an ATMSo that I can get money when the bank is closed Scenario 1: Account has sufficient funds #features/atm.feature:7Given the account balance is 100€ #featureContext::setAccountBalance()...1 scenario (1 pased)8 steps (8 passed)


/** * @Then /^(?:|The )account balance should be (\d+)€$/ */public function checkAccountBalance ($balance){ $user = $this->getContainer()->getUser();

$account = $user->getAccount();

if ($account->getBalance()!=$balance) { throw new Exception( 'Actual balance is '.$account->getBalance().

'€ instead of '.$balance.'€'; ); }}


$ behatFeature: Account Holder withdraws cashAs an Account HolderI want to withdraw cash from an ATMSo that I can get money when the bank is closed Scenario 1: Account has sufficient funds #features/atm.feature:7...And the account balance should be 80€ #featureContext::checkAccountBalance()

Actual balance is 100€ instead of 80€And the card should be returned#featureContext::isCardReturned() ...1 scenario (1 pased)8 steps (6 passed, 1 skipped, 1 failed)


require_once 'PHPUnit/Autoload.php';require_once 'PHPUnit/Framework/Assert/Functions.php';

...

/** * @Then /^(?:|the )account balance should be (\d+)€$/ */public function checkAccountBalance ($balance){ $user = $this->getContainer()->getUser(); $account = $user->getAccount(); assertEquals($account->getBalance(), $balance);}


...

Scenario: Account has insufficient funds

Given the account balance is 10€ And the card is valid And the machine contains enough money When the Account Holder inserts the card And the Account Holder requests 20€ Then the ATM should not dispense any money

And the ATM should print "Insuficient funds" And the account balance should be 10€ And the card should be returned Scenario: ...


Then the account balance should be 20€/** * @Then /^the account balance should be (\d+)€$/ */

Then the ATM should print "Insuficient funds" /** * @Then /^the ATM should print "([^"]*)"$/ */


Scenario: ...Given the following users exist: | name | email | phone | | Aslak | [email protected] | 123 | | Joe | [email protected] | 234 | | Bryan | [email protected] | 456 |

/*** @Given /the following users exist:/*/public function insertUsers(TableNode $table){ $hash = $table->getHash(); foreach ($hash as $row) { $user = new User($row['name'], $row['email'], $row['phone']); $this->database->insert($user); }}


Scenario: Eat 5 out of 12 Given there are 12 cucumbers When I eat 5 cucumbers Then I should have 7 cucumbers




Scenario Outline: Eat cucumbers Given there are <start> cucumbers When I eat <eat> cucumbers Then I should have <left> cucumbers

Examples: | start | eat | left | | 12 | 5 | 7 | | 20 | 5 | 15 | | 5 | 5 | 0 |


/** * @Then /^there should be no money in the account$/ */public function checkEmptyAccount (){ return new Then('the account balance should be 0€');}

/** * @When /^the user eats and sleeps$/ */public function userEatsAndSleeps (){ return array( new When("the user eats"), new When("the user sleeps"), );}

http://www.php.net/array


//deps[gherkin] git=https://github.com/Behat/Gherkin.git target=/behat/gherkin

[behat] git=https://github.com/Behat/Behat.git target=/behat/behat

[BehatBundle] git=https://github.com/Behat/BehatBundle.git target=/bundles/Behat/BehatBundle

Behat en Symfony2: BehatBundle


//app/autoload.php$loader->registerNamespaces(array( // .. 'Behat\Gherkin' => __DIR__.'/../vendor/behat/gherkin/src', 'Behat\Behat' => __DIR__.'/../vendor/behat/behat/src', 'Behat\BehatBundle' => __DIR__.'/../vendor/bundles',));//app/AppKernel.phppublic function registerBundles(){ // .. if ('test' === $this->getEnvironment()) { $bundles[] = new Behat\BehatBundle\BehatBundle(); }}


+Acme+DemoBundle

+...+Features

+Context-FeatureContext.php

+...


$ app/console -e=test behat --init @AcmeDemoBundle


//Acme/DemoBundle/Features/Context/FeatureContext.php<?phpnamespace Acme\DemoBundle\Features\Context; use Behat\BehatBundle\Context\BehatContext; class FeatureContext extends BehatContext{ /** * @Given /I have a product "([^"]*)"/ */ public function insertProduct($name) { $em = $this->getContainer()->get('doctrine') ->getEntityManager(); $product = new \Acme\DemoBundle\Entity\Product(); $product->setName($name); $em->persist($product); $em->flush(); }}


$ app/console –e=test behat @AcmeDemoBundle

BDD en Symfony2: ejecutar tests


Pruebas de funcionalidad web: Mink

• Librería php integrada con behat• Permite usar distintos Browser emulators• Controlar el Navegador • Recorrer la Página• Manipular la Página• Simular la interacción del Usuario• Interface común para todos los emuladores


Tipos de Browser emulators:

• Emuladores Headless Browsers• Symfony Web Client• Goutte

• Emuladores Browser controllers• Selenium• Sahi

• Mixtos: Zombie.js


// iniciar driver:$driver = new \Behat\Mink\Driver\GoutteDriver();

// iniciar sesión:$session = new \Behat\Mink\Session($driver);

// arrancar sesión:$session->start();

// abrir una página en el navegador:$session->visit('http://my_project.com/some_page.php');

// obtener el código de respuesta:echo $session->getStatusCode();

// obtener el contenido de la página:echo $session->getPage()->getContent();

Controlar el Navegador

http://www.php.net/echo



// utilizar la historia del navegador:$session->reload();$session->back();$session->forward();

// evaluar expresión Javascript:echo $session->evaluateScript( "(function(){ return 'something from browser'; })()");

// obtener los headers:print_r($session->getResponseHeaders()); // guardar cookie:$session->setCookie('cookie name', 'value'); // obtener cookie:echo $session->getCookie('cookie name');


http://www.php.net/print_r



//xpath selector$handler = new \Behat\Mink\Selector\SelectorsHandler();$xpath = $handler->selectorToXpath('xpath', '//html'); //css selector$selector = new \Behat\Mink\Selector\CssSelector();$xpath = $selector->translateToXPath('#ID'); //named selectors$selector = new \Behat\Mink\Selector\NamedSelector();$xpath = $selector->translateToXPath( array('field', 'id|name|value|label')); //named selectors: link, button, content, select, checkbox//radio, file, optgroup, option, table

Recorrer la Página: selectors



//obtengo la página$page = $session->getPage(); //encuentro un elemento$element = $page->find('xpath', '//body'); //encuentro todos los elementos$elementsByCss = $page->findAll('css', '.classname'); //encuentro un elemento por su Id$element = $page->findById('ID'); //encuentro elementos con named selectors$link = $page->findLink('href');$button = $page->findButton('name');$field = $page->findField('id');

Recorrer la Página: obtener elementos


//obtengo un elemento$el = $page->find('css', '.something'); // obtengo el nombre del tag:echo $el->getTagName(); // compruebo si tiene un atributo:$el->hasAttribute('href'); // obtengo un atributo:echo $el->getAttribute('href'); //obtengo el texto$plainText = $el->getText(); //obtengo el html$html = $el->getHtml();

Manipular la Página: Node Elements




// marcar/desmarcar checkbox:if ($el->isChecked()) { $el->uncheck();}$el->check(); // elegir option en select:$el->selectOption('optin value'); // añadir un fichero: $el->attachFile('/path/to/file'); // obtener el valor:echo $el->getValue(); // poner un valor:$el->setValue('some val');

Manipular la Página: Form fields



// pulsar un botón:$el->press(); //simular el ratón$el->click();$el->doubleClick();$el->rightClick();$el->mouseOver();$el->focus();$el->blur(); //Hacer drag'n'drop$el1->dragTo($el2);

Simular la interacción del Usuario


// features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php

use Behat\Mink\Behat\Context\MinkContext; class FeatureContext extends MinkContext{ /** * @Then /^I press the submit button$/ */ public function PressSubmitButton() { $page = $this->getSession()->getPage(); $button = $page->findButton('submit'); $button->press(); }}

Integración con Behat: MinkContext


Given I am on "URL" When I go to "url" When I reload the page When I move backward one page When I move forward one page When I press "button" When I follow "link" When I fill in "field" with "value" When I fill in "value" for "field" When I fill in the following: When I select "option" from "select" When I additionally select "option" from "select" When I check "option" When I uncheck "option" When I attach the file "path" to "field"

Steps predefinidos: Given/When


Then I should be on "page"Then the url should match "pattern"Then the response status code should be "code"Then the response status code should not be "code"Then I should see "text"Then I should not see "text"Then I should see "text" in the "element" elementThen the "element" element should contain "value"Then I should see an "element" elementThen I should not see an "element" elementThen the "field" field should contain "value"Then the "field" field should not contain "value"Then the "checkbox" checkbox should be checkedThen the "checkbox" checkbox should not be checkedThen I should see "num" "element" elementsThen print last response

Steps predefinidos: Then


# features/search.featureFeature: Search In order to see a word definition As a website user I need to be able to search for a word

Scenario: Searching for a page that does exist Given I am on "/wiki/Main_Page" When I fill in "search" with "Behavior Driven Development" And I press "searchButton" Then I should see "agile software development"

Scenario: Searching for a page that does NOT exist Given I am on "/wiki/Main_Page" When I fill in "search" with "Glory Driven Development" And I press "searchButton" Then I should see “No results found"


/** * @Given /^I am on the main page$/ */public function goToMainPage(){ return new Given('I am on "/wiki/Main_Page"');}

/** * @Then /^I press the search button$/ */public function pressSearchButton(){ return new Then('I press "searchButton"');}


//deps[mink] git=https://github.com/Behat/Mink.git target=/behat/mink

[MinkBundle] git=https://github.com/Behat/MinkBundle.git target=/bundles/Behat/MinkBundle

Mink en Symfony2: MinkBundle


//app/autoload.php$loader->registerNamespaces(array( // .. 'Behat\Mink' => __DIR__.'/../vendor/behat/mink/src', 'Behat\MinkBundle' => __DIR__.'/../vendor/bundles',));

//app/AppKernel.phppublic function registerBundles(){ // .. if ('test' === $this->getEnvironment()) { $bundles[] = new Behat\BehatBundle\BehatBundle(); $bundles[] = new Behat\MinkBundle\MinkBundle(); }}



#app/config/config_test.ymlmink: base_url: http://localhost/app_test.php browser_name: chrome goutte: ~ sahi: ~ zombie: ~


//web/app_test.php if (!in_array(@$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'], array( '127.0.0.1', '::1',))) { header('HTTP/1.0 403 Forbidden'); exit('You are not allowed to access this file. Check '.basename(__FILE__).' for more information.');} require_once __DIR__.'/../app/bootstrap.php.cache';require_once __DIR__.'/../app/AppKernel.php'; use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request; $kernel = new AppKernel('test', true);$kernel->loadClassCache();$kernel->handle(Request::createFromGlobals())->send();

http://www.php.net/in_array


http://www.php.net/header

http://www.php.net/exit

http://www.php.net/basename


namespace Acme\DemoBundle\Features\Context; use Behat\MinkBundle\Context\MinkContext; class FeatureContext extends MinkContext{ /** * @When /^I go to the user account page$/ */ public function showUserAccount() { $user = $this->getContainer()->get('security.context') ->getToken()->getUser(); $session = $this->getSession(); $session->visit('/account/'. $user->getSlug()); }}


# symfony driver (default)@mink:symfonyScenario: ...

# goutte driver@mink:goutteScenario: ...

# sahi driver@mink:sahi o @javascriptScenario: ...

# zombie.js driver@mink:zombieScenario: ...

Qué Driver usar


app/console -e=test behat -f pretty,junit --out ,. @AcmeDemoBundle

Trucos: Salida de Behat


app/console -e=test behat --rerun="re.run" @AcmeDemoBundle

Trucos: repetir Tests


BDD vs TDD

• BDD es TDD

BDD vs UnitTesting• Unit testing comprueba unidades• BDD comprueba funcionalidad


Stop Press!!! Behat 2.4

• BehatBundle y MinkBundle deprecated• Usar MinkExtension y Symfony2Extension• Más info en http://behat.org


//deps[mink] git=https://github.com/Behat/Mink.git target=/behat/mink version=v1.3.3

[gherkin] git=https://github.com/Behat/Gherkin.git target=/behat/gherkin version=v2.1.1

[behat] git=https://github.com/Behat/Behat.git target=/behat/behat version=v2.3.5


¡¡Gracias!!

• [email protected]• @carlos_granados• http://es.linkedin.com/in/carlosgranados

¿Preguntas?

bdd con behat y mink en symfony2

Economy & Finance