bacterioplankton dynamics during a mesocosm-simulated oil spill eva teira 1, jm gasol 2, i...

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BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1 , JM Gasol 2 , I Lekunberri 2 , XAG Morán 3 , E Fernández 1 , XA Álvarez-Salgado 4 , F.G. Figueiras 4 1 Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo, 36310-Vigo 2 Departament de Biología Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar-CMIMA, CSIC, Pg.Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona 3 Instituto Español de Oceanografía-Xixón, Camín de l’Arbeyal s/n, 33212, Xixón

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Page 1: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL

Eva Teira1, JM Gasol2, I Lekunberri2, XAG Morán3,

E Fernández1, XA Álvarez-Salgado4, F.G. Figueiras4

1 Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Universidade de Vigo,

36310-Vigo

2 Departament de Biología Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del

Mar-CMIMA, CSIC, Pg.Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona

3 Instituto Español de Oceanografía-Xixón, Camín de l’Arbeyal s/n, 33212,

Xixón

4 Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas-IIM, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6,

36208, Vigo

Page 2: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

IMPRESIÓN (VEM2003-20021)

“Impacto del vertido de hidrocarburos del PREStige sobre la red trófica microbiana planctÓNica”.

Work programme 4: Impact on biologic systems. Impact assessment on biodiversity: population and communities distribution and abundance. Ecosystem restoration monitoring. Pelagic system.

Page 3: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Polycyclic Aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

LMW

(2-3 days)

HMW

(9 days)

Page 4: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

marine hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria

AlcanivoraxCycloclasticusOleiphilusOleispira

“professionals”

Marine bacteria degrading petroleum hydrocarbons

-Proteobacteria

Planococcus

G+ bacteria

LMW PAHs:Naphthalene

PhenanthreneAnthracene

Page 5: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Mesocosm experiment-IMPRESIÓN-1: Ría de Vigo, March 2005

Water filtered through 200 m

Temperature

10 ºC

Chlorophyll-a

≈5 g/l

Page 6: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

1 L1 2 C2

platform

Bouzas bay

1.5m 3 H2 4 C1

5 H1 6 L2

empt

yC-Control L-Low PAHs concentration (6 g/L)H-High PAHs concentration (15 g/L)

Mesocosm experiment-IMPRESIÓN-1: Ría de Vigo, March 2005

The experiment lasted 9 days

Page 7: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Methods

-Bacterial abundance: Direct microscopy on polycarbonate filters (DAPI-staining)

-Bacterial production: Rates of protein synthesis with 3H-Leucine

-Bacterial community composition: Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization

-Proteobacteria (Alfa)

-Proteobacteria (Gamma)

Cytophaga-Flexibacter-Bacteroidetes (CTB)

Cycloclasticus spp. (Cypu)

Page 8: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH): fluorescence-labeled oligonucleotide probes targeting the small subunit rRNA of specific prokaryotic groups.

target

probe

10m

Page 9: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Lauderia annulata

Development and decay of a diatom bloom

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

PA

Hs

conc

entr

atio

n (

g/l)

0

5

10

15

20

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Cyc

locl

astic

us s

pp.

abun

danc

e (1

04/m

l)

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

ControlHigh concentration

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Chl

orop

hyll-

a (

g/l)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

ControlHigh concentration

PAHs addition

Page 10: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Leu

upta

ke (

pM/h

)

10

100

1000Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

BA

(10

5 c

el/m

l)

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

ControlHigh concentration

Day 1-3: bacterial abundance decrease in all the mesocosms

Day 3: bacterial production is higher in H than in C

Day 4-8: bacterial abundance and production is lower in H than in C

Bacterial abundance and production

Page 11: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

-No significant differences in bacterial composition between C and H mesocosms

-CTB and -proteobacteria dominate the bacterial community

-Cycloclasticus spp is undetectable.

Bacterial composition-Day 0

Alfa (20%) CTB (35%)

Gamma (10%) Cypu (<1%)

10m

Day 0

C H

%D

AP

I-st

ain

ed

cells

0

10

20

30

40

50

60 AlfaGammaCTBCypu

Control

Page 12: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

-Total detection is low in both C and L mesocosms (<50%)

-Cycloclasticus spp comprise 7% of the total bacterial community in H mesocosms

Bacterial composition-Day 4

Alfa (10%) CTB (20%)

Gamma (20%) Cypu (7%)

10m

High

Day 4

C H

% D

AP

I-st

ain

ed

cells

0

10

20

30

40

50

60 AlfaGammaCTBCypu

**

Page 13: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Control High

CTB and AlfaDominate in C

Bacterial composition-Day 8

Alfa (30%) CTB (60%)

Gamma (15%) Cypu (n.d.)

Alfa (15%) CTB (50%)

Gamma (30%) Cypu (1%)

10m 10m

Day 8

C H

% D

AP

I-st

aine

d ce

lls

0

10

20

30

40

50

60 AlfaGammaCTBCypu

CTB and GammaDominate in H

* *

Page 14: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

PA

Hs

conc

entr

atio

n (

g/l)

0

5

10

15

20

Day

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Cyc

locl

astic

us s

pp.

abun

danc

e (1

04/m

l)

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

ControlHigh concentration

PAHs concentration and Cycloclasticus abundance

PAHs addition

Day 1-4: PAHs concentration rapidly decrease, and Cycloclasticus abundance increase

Day 4-8: PAHs concentration drop to the levels in C, and Cycloclasticus abundance decrease

Page 15: BACTERIOPLANKTON DYNAMICS DURING A MESOCOSM-SIMULATED OIL SPILL Eva Teira 1, JM Gasol 2, I Lekunberri 2, XAG Morán 3, E Fernández 1, XA Álvarez-Salgado

Summary

-Most of the PAHs disappeared within 3 days after the fuel addition.

-Cycloclasticus abundance rapidly increased after the PAHs addition, reaching its maximum 3 days after the oil addition.

-Cycloclasticus growth appears to be related to LMW PAHs degradation.

-The bacterial community composition significantly changed 8 days after the oil addition: the -Proteobacteria subclass predominate over -Proteobacteria subclass.