avifauna en la colonia las fuentes

8/22/2019 Avifauna en La Colonia Las Fuentes

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AVIFAUNA EN LA COLONIA LAS FUENTES/BIRDS OF COLONIA LAS FUENTESZAPOPAN, JALISCO, MXICO

Yvette Anas Gonzlez Argello1, Diana Laura Arias Guzmn2, Deesli Palomera Salaiza31,2,3 5th High School Semester, Lincoln School. Circunvalacin Sur #62, Col. Las Fuentes,C.P: 45070, Guadalajara, Jal. Mexico1Actual Address: Callejn de la Cebra #3313, Col. Ciudad Bugambilias, Zapopan, C.P. ,

Mexico, Jalisco. E-mail address: [email protected] Address: Av. Inglaterra 7645, Int. Paseo de los limones #9, Col. Rinconada delBosque, Zapopan, C.P. 45017, Mxico, Jalisco. E-mail address:[email protected] Address: Circuito del Lince, Col. Ciudad Bugambilias, Zapopan, C.P. , Mexico,Jalisco. E-mail address: [email protected]

Abstract

Bird species diversity was studied in the colony of las Fuentes, Zapopan, during

2012. Visual investigations were made throughout the year in which certain notes were

taken and several tools were used such as binocular and cameras for the observation

and identification of species. There was a richness of 23 bird species, belonging to 19

genera and 15 families. Of the total species recorded 15 were residents, 4 resident-

migratory, 3 migratory, and 1 undefined. The rich vegetation and green areas in the zone

provide appropriate places for nesting and feeding for the bird species.

Resumen

Se estudio la diversidad de aves en la colonia Las Fuentes, Zapopan, durante el ao

2012. Se realizaron investigaciones visuales durante todo el ao en las cuales se hacan

ciertas anotaciones y se utilizaban herramientas como los binoculares y las cmaras

para la observacin y determinacin de las especies. La riqueza en la avifauna fue de 23

especies de aves, que pertenecan a 19 gneros y a 15 familias. De las especies

registradas 15 son residentes, 4 residentes-migratorias, 3 migratorias y una sin definir.


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La riqueza en vegetacin y en reas verdes en la zona proporcionan lugares apropiados

para la anidacin y alimentacin de las diferentes especies.

Mexico is one of the countries with great diversity in birds in the world, especially

when we record 1000 species in the whole country. There are various factors that promote this

diversity of species like mountain ranges in different parts of the country, coasts at east and

west, etc. (Harker, 2007)

Guadalajaras forests provide shelter to different species of birds around the

Metropolitan Zone. The variety of the climate brings different species to the community

depending on the season. In this context, our objective was analyzing and getting information

about the species of birds in the Colonia Las Fuentes.

Methods

The Colonia Las Fuentes (203738.55 N/1032540.65 O and 203658.22 N /

1032534.30 O; 1629 msnm) is located at a higher point from Zapopans center; this makes

the temperature colder (Figure 1). Also, the design of the streets with stone paving being

permeable it absorbs the rain and the ground doesnt heats. The Colonia Las Fuentes is a

residential zone that thanks to its diversity in vegetation its easy to find different species of

birds. One of the reasons might be having big trees like: Jacaranda mimosifolia, Tabebuia

donnell-smithii, Tabebuia rosea, Fraxinus uhdei, Ficus elastica, Bauhinia sp, Aerocarias sp,

Casuarinas sp, ect.

Observations were completed in two different periods. The first observation period

from March to May in 2012 was based in annotations and comments. For observations there

was not any special equipment used and the research was more general. The second


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observation period was developed from September to November of 2012. During this period,

weekly visits were made to the different points located inside the colony. The research was

based in annotations, observations, and the use of cameras or binoculars to identify the actual

bird specie. For observations binoculars (10x50) and three guides of Wright, M. (2007),

Bustos, . F. (2010), and Harker, E. E. (2007) were used to help our research be more

accurate. The results will help use know what is the diversity of bird in Las Fuentes, how it is

determined, and the distribution and abundance of species in the studied area.

The species seasonality was determined according to the establish categories by

Reyna (2010): resident, migratory, transitory, and resident-migratory.The abundace was also

determined by the categories by Reyna (2010): common, uncommon, and rare. An estimation

was made to determining the frequency, comparing the specie that was seen the most and the

one that was seen the less. The categories were: frequent, infrequent, and sporadic. (Table 1)

For the species distribution, the grounds of Las Fuentes was divided into 4 streets and

1 zone: Las Fuentes, Santa Ana, San Antonio, and La Calma (the streets inside the colony Las

Fuentes); they connect in the main roundabout inside the colony which is the last zone of

species distribution. (Figure 1)

The Shannon index (H=pi ln pi) was used to determine the diversty in the different

species of birds. (Table 2)

Results

There were two sections in this investigation involving different teams and materials,

giving a total result of 23 species. The order with the higher number of species was

Passeriformes with 10 Families, where the Family with more number of species was the

Tyranninae with 5 species. Both bird watching sections share 4 commons species, Turdus


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rufopalliatus (Figure 4), Quiscalus mexicanus (Figure 3), Melanerpes aurifrons, and

Columbina passerine (Figure 7). One of these species, Quiscalus mexicanus, was the most

abundant with a total of 194 birds, and the less abundant with just 2 birds was the Amazona sp

(Figure 6) andPiranga flava.

From the total of recognized species, 16 (69%) are Residents, 3 (13%) are migratory

and 4 (17%) are both. From the registered species 21 (91%) were common, 1 (0.4%) were

uncommon (Lampornis clemenciae)

In respect with the biodiversity, the principal roundabout of Las Fuentes had a higher

number of diversity, with a differentiation from the H to Hmax of 0.344315085 (Table 2),

this means the real numbers are closer to what a perfect balance of birds would be. On the

contrary the area with less biodiversity is the area with less biodiversity is the children statue

roundabout with a difference of 0.922542008.

The investigated area was divided into 4 zones (Figure 8). The principal roundabout of

Las Fuentes, center, it is worth to include this area has a wider diversity of trees species ( eg.

Strelitzia regina, Quercus ilex, Ficus sp). The Quercus ilex had 8 (34%) of the identified

species (eg. Amazona sp, piranga flava). These trees were in open spaces where urbanization

has taken over with buildings. The section with less number of species and birds was the

roundabout of Starbucks; this area is close to one of the principal avenues of the city.

Discussion

In the community Las Fuentes, 23 (14%) species were found of the 161 species

registered in the Forest the Primavera; this suggests that the site is used for some species for

refugee, food provider, habitat, nesting, or for rest. The composition of the community of

birds presents some interesting aspects, considering the area of study it has a small extension


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of approximately 1.4 km. The abundance of species is relatively high considering the urban

zone (surrounded by houses, marketing places, and common places for people) where the

vegetation is not flourished.

Due to the residence status, is probable that the resident species in some migratory

reproduce in this area. While in other species their use may be different for the tree

vegetation, according to the availability of space and food. Some species distribute in the area

of more vegetation and other adapts to human activity, they use the fortuitous anthropogenic

plants as food or refugee.

When comparing the two sections, they shared 3 common species out of the 23 registered

species (eg. Columbina passerina Pyrocephalus rubinus). This result shows that these species

had been resident in Las Fuentes for an approximate time of a year.

In the stone pavement we observed that there is an abundant amount of Columbina inca

that ate the trees fruits. It was observed in the Quercus ilex that there was exotic biodiversity.

For example a nest of carrots was found in the top of the Quercus ilex; this specie is not yet

recognized.

The urban zones with greener areas play an important role in an ecologic city. The

community Las Fuentes not only provides a place for rest and food provident also for

reproduction. It can be concluded that the birds establish in places where there is human

activity, however, not a quite moderated human activity, because there is more birds in the

center and at the farthest point of the main avenue.


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Citations

Wright, Michael. The World of Birds: From Antarctic Penguins to African Parrots. Hoo:

Grange, 2003. Print.

"WhatBird | Identify Birds | Bird Identification Guide | North America." WhatBird | Identify Birds

| Bird Identification Guide | North America. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Nov. 2012.

.

Martnez, Erika E., and Mollie Harker. Aves De La Colonia Seattle Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico.

Zapopan: n.p., 2007. Print.

Reyna, scar F. Aves Del Bosque La Primavera. Zapopan: n.p., 2010. Print.

Ramres, Jorge E. "Comunidad De Aves De La Facultad De Estudios Superiores Zaragoza

Campus II, UNAM, Ciudad De Mxico." Huitzil Revista De Ornitologia Mexicana 2008: 12-

19. Print. Consejo Internacional Para La Preservacin De Las Aves. 2nd ed. Vol. 9. N.p.: n.p.,

n.d.


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Appendix

Figure 1. Geografiphical Location of Las Fuentes Colony in Guadalajara, Jalisco (sourceGoogle Maps 2012)

Table 1. List of current birds in the colony of Las Fuentes, Zapopan, Jalisco.

Status Abundance

Order Columbiformes

Family Columbidae

Columbina inca Resident Common

Columbina passerina Resident Common

Order Apodiformes

Family Trochilidae

Amazilia violiceps Resident Common

Lampornis clemenciae Resident Uncommon


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Order Piciformes

Family Picidae

Melanerpes aurifrons Resident Common

Order Passeriformes

Family Tyrannidae

Pyrocephalus rubinus Resident Common

Family Tyranninae

Tyrannus melancholicus Resident/Migratory Common

Tyrannus crassirostris Resident Common

Tyrannus verticalis Resident/Migratory Common

Tyrannus vociferans Resident Common

Myiozetetes similis Resident Common

Family Hirundinidae

Hirundo rustica Resident/Migratory Common

Family Regulidae

Regulus calendula Migratory Common

Family Turdidae

Turdus rufopalliatus Resident Common

Family Parulidae

Mniotilta varia Migratory Common

Family Mimidae

Melanotis caerulescens Resident Common

Family Cardinalidae

Piranga Ludoviciana Migratory Common

Piranga flava Resident Common

Family Icteridae


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Icterus bullocki Resident/Migratory Common

Quiscal mexicanus Resident Common

Family Carduelinae

Carpodacus mexicanus Resident Common

Family Passeridae

Passer domesticus Resident Common

Order Psittaciformes

Family Psittadae

Amazona sp Undefined Undefined

Figure 2.Amazilia violiceps Figure 3. Quiscal mexicanus


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Figure 4.Melanotis caerulescens Figure 5. Turdus rufopalliatus

Figure 6.Amazona sp Figure. 7 Columbina passerina


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Abundance of Birds

(more than 30 birds)

Medium

(more than 15 less than 30)

Low

(less than 15)

Figure 8. Specific studied areas

Table 2. Biostatistics (Shannon index)

Shannon

TableH' Hmax Differentiation

1 1.268065218 1.791759505 0.5236942872 0.869217497 1.791759505 0.9225420083 0.922743216 1.609437912 0.6866946964 0.348832096 0.693147181 0.3443150855 0.989919983 1.386294361 0.3963743786 1.506485395 1.945910149 0.439424754

avifauna en la colonia las fuentes

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