la batalla del caribe durante la segunda guerra mundial...

LA BATALLA DEL CARIBE

DURANTE LA SEGUNDA GUERRA MUNDIAL

La experiencia de la Guayana Francesa y la subalternidad de los puertorriqueños, 1940-1945

HUMBERTO GARCIA-MUÑIZ INSTITUTO DE ESTUDIOS DEL CARIBE

UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICO

PRESENCIA MILITAR DE ESTADOS UNIDOS EN EL CARIBE, 1944

Acuerdos militares con el Reino Unido y Pan American Airways, 1940

Estación aéro-naval en construcción, Las Bermudas, 1940

Hangar en Carlson Field, Trinidad

Acuerdos militares con el Reino Unido y Pan American Airways, 1940

Ruta aérea del Atlántico Sur

Rutas de la guerra establecidas por Pan American Airways, 1941-1945

Barcos hundidos durante la Batalla del Caribe, sept. 1940-ago. 1942

Minerales estratégicos en el litoral del Caribe: la bauxita en Surinam (Guayana Holandesa)

The Washington Post, Nov. 25, 1941

VICHY EN EL CARIBE FRANCÉS

NEW YORK TIMES, AUGUST18, 1940

Repliegue de Francia en el Caribe y la expansión territorial de EE UU

Repliegue de Francia en el Caribe y la expansión territorial de EEUU

ESTADOS UNIDOS EN LA GUAYANA FRANCESA

NEW YORK TIMES, DECEMBER 11, 1940

Robert Chot, Gobernador Militar de la Guayana Francesa, 1938-1942

Estados Unidos ocupa la Guayana Francesa, 1943

Nicol Smith, Black Martinique, red Guiana NY: The Bobbs-Merrill, Co., 1942.

Avión de Pan American Airways en pista de aterrizaje de Rochambeau, 1945

Foto tomada por el Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz

Civiles puertorriqueños y martiniqueños en la Guayana Francesa, 1943-1945

“There is an actual labor shortage. This condition is not caused particularly by airport construction… but because of sparse population. The USED has had to import labor from Puerto Rico.” Letter. U.S. Consul J. O´Sullivan, 10 September 1943.

“Further importations of Puerto Ricans and expected momentary arrival of ´700´Martiniquais expected to alleviate somewhat labor shortage:” John O´Sullivan, U.S. Vice Consul, Airgram to U.S. Department of States, 30 June 1943.

U.S. Consular Papers, French Guiana, U.S. National Archives, Md.

Problemas de mano obra en otras islas del Caribe, 1943

Telegram from Secretary of State Cordell Hull , 18 June 1943

“Suggest that they seek information from Admiral Hoover at San Juan who is familiar with the labor problems created by Martiniquais In the British Caribbean.”

U.S. Consular Papers, French Guiana, U.S. National Archives, Md.

Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz, Comandante del Campamento Rochambeau, Guayana Francesa, 1945

Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz, Isla del Diablo, Guayana Francesa, 1945

Incidentes civiles puertorriqueños

“Question has arisen in connection with a blow on head sustained by a Frenchman who was a bystander in argument with two Puerto Ricans. Due to the temperament of Puerto Ricans the same or similar cases will probably arise many times in the future.” (cursivas nuestras) Letter, U.S. Vice Consul J. O´Sullivan, 30 June 1943

“In a ball at Petit Balcon, I had to interpose in various incidents clearly Institigated by some Puerto Ricans. Among twenty, the majority were ill dressed and remarked by their louchers and ill manners.”

“Of the first incident, a Porto-Rican, with force obtruded himself upon the Band forbidding the musicians to play under pretext the ladies declined Their invitations to dance…. It was necessary to intervene again again to Stop struggles amongthese foreigners. The bulk of them had knives in their hands.” “Account of the Gendarme Maurice Coltel, of Cayenna´s division, June19, 1943.”

Civiles puertorriqueños en la Guayana Francesa, 1945

Foto tomada por el Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz

Tropas senegalesas estacionadas en la Guayana Francesa, Día de la Bastilla, 1945

Foto tomada por el Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz

Celebración del Día de la Bastilla, Guayana Francesa, 1945

Condecoración del gobierno francés al Mayor Juan Meléndez Ortiz, 1945

Recomendación de cierre del consulado 1943