gdn_presentation (priya)
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GDN 12TH ANNUAL GLOBA L DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE
FINANCING DEVELOPMENT IN A POST-CRISIS W ORLD: THE NEED FOR A FRESHLOOK
JANUARY 13-15, 2011UNI VERSITY OF BOGOTA, COLUM BIA
FRO M BEIJING TO DOHA:FINANCING FOR GENDER EQUALITY
& DEVELOPMENT IN PICS
PRIYA CHATTIER
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC
FIJI ISLANDS
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PacificIsland
CountriesandTerritories
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Towards a commo nunder standing of Gender Equality
The concept of equality iscomplex. How to define and howto achieve are debated.
Gender equality is not samenessof genders; but that all are equally
valuable and entitled.
Equal access to capabilities for
men and women, freedom,opportunities, rights andresources are not restricted togender.
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Com m itm ents to Gender Equality &W om ens Rights:
The Beijing platform for action BPA +5 & BPA +10
MDG 3 on Gender Equality
CEDAW and human rights frameworksRegional commitments on Gender Equality (RPPA)
National Commitments & Plans
Anticipated outcom es
Equitable progress on human development indicatorsincluding eliminated gender gaps
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No single measur e is sufficient to capture entrench ed genderinequalities
Data are selective or ab sentto capture gender gaps
Variou s gender r elatedindices em phasize differentaspects
- Gender-related DevelopmentIndex (GDI) & GenderEmpowerment Measure (GEM)
- Global Gender Gap Index (GGI)
- Social Institutions and GenderIndex (SIGI)
- Gender Equity Index (GEI)
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Source: World development indicators online, World Bank 2009
1.00
implies
parity
M=F
1.00
implies
parity
M=F
Where the Region Stands?(Pacific often ranks low on gender indicators)
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W om ens inheritance, safety and voiceare not guaranteed
UNEQUAL INHERITANCE: More than 1/2 the countriesin South Pacific favour men with customary laws oninheritance that discriminate against women
PERVASIVE GENDER BA SED VIOLENCE: More than60 per cent of the countries in the Pacific have no laws ondomestic violence
RESTRICTED POLITICAL VOICE: The region has thelowest per cent of women parliamentarians in the world; thePacific has 4 of the 6 countries in the world with no womenparliamentarians.
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Per cent of Farmland Owned by WomenRegional Comparisons
Source: FAO agricultural census 1989 to 1999
Women Earn Less than Men
Ratio of Female-to-Male Estimated Earned Income inAsia-Pacific, 2007, US $ PPP
Source: Based on UNDP Human Development Report 2009
Hardly Any Women Farm Owners inAsia-Pacific
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Political voice:Pacific is second from the bottom; only Arab states are lower
Source: As of 30 June 2009, IPU
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So why doesgenderm atter indevt. and
devt.financing infragile statesof the
Pacific?
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RealityCheck?
TranslatingGenderEqualityCommitmentsinto Pra ctice
Laws passed on EVAW, Land rights, gender equality,etc. with no resources allocated for their implementationand/or enforcement;
National Gender Policies and action plans donot define clear actions, are not costed, budgeted norlinked to sectoral budgeting.
Mainstream Development Plans at national,sectoral, local (annual/medium term) do not adequatelyreflect gender issues.
Institutions do not have the resources and capacitiesfor mainstream gender in planning and budgeting andM&E.
Institutions with oversight role are not adequatelysupported.
And generally, no data is systematically available tomonitor change in financing either quality or quantity.
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Bringing equality w ithin reach:Paris Declaration & Aid Effectiveness Fram ew ork
So what mightthe next decadehold for aideffectivenessanddelivery towardsgender equalitycommitmentsin the Oceanicregion?
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as strategic windows?
Ownership
Alignment
Harmonization
Managing forResults
MutualAccountability
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Pacific Leaders agreed in 2009 onCairns Compact for strenghtening Devt
Coordination in the Pacific.
2007 Pacific Principles of AidEffectiveness to ensure greater countryownership of devt. efforts andintegration of aid into implementation.
Evidence on effectiveness of devt effortslacking in the Pacific.
Only PNG participated in 2008 survey
Monitoring the Paris Declaration.
Samoa and Cook Is. will participate in2010 survey.
Evidence of
DevelopmentEffectivenessin thePacific
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Thequestion isw hether ornot genderequ ality is
one o f thedevt.priorities?
(w her e ar ew omen in thisprocess?)
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PNG CaseStudy inthe Pacific
UNIFEM (UN Women) is piloting
work on GE and aid effectiveness.
First in the Pacific.
Significant progress in localizing thePD principles & commitments on Aideffectiveness.
E.g. PNG Long-Term Devt Strategy;PNG Commitment on AidEffectiveness; established forum onGE.
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Research
Objectives
To explore the issues of gender equality& how it is captured and analysed in the
implementation and review of PD on AidEffectiveness in 2 PICs (PNG andVanuatu)
Comparative analysis of 2 countries onnational priorities for GE & WE selected
in national devt strategies, donorcountry specific strategies &programmes.
Good practices for supporting GE & WEthrough implementation of PD.
Whether or not monitoring aideffectiveness through PD contributes torealisation of international, regional &national GE commitments.
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methods
Lit review of govt policy papers, nationalbudget docs, PD on Aid Effectiveness inPacific, donor reports, and genderequality.
Individual & focus-group interviewswith stakeholders (govt officials, donors,CSOs, womens machineries, academiaetc).
Rapid assessments using secondarysources/data.
Lit review of best practices andexamples or risks & opportunities.
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ResearchMethods
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Commitment to the principles of nationalownership & mutual accountability?
National plans & policies supporting GE?
Donor gender mainstreaming?
Donor programmes on GE?
Gendered economic & policy analysis, datacollection & monitoring?
Harmonization of donors in relation to GE?
Role of CSOs & womens machineries in supportof GE programmes/plans etc
ResearchQuestions
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Movingforward:
1. Make intern ational comm itments a reality!!
2. PD on aid effectiveness useful framewor k for GE assessments.3. Holistic GE approach .
4. Models of par tnersh ip across govt, CSOs, & donor s.
5. Pathway for wo mens empow erm ent in PICs.
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Thank you for listening
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