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IEEE Clreuil. and Systems Magazine (lSSN 15314:i36X)(1CDMEN)15 publlshed quarterly by the Instltute 01 Elec~.rlcal and Electronlcs Englneers, Inc. Headquarters: 3Park Avenue. 17th FlOOf.New York. NY. 10016-5997 USA.Responslbllity for the contents rests upon the authors andnot upon the IEEE, the Society. or Its members. IEEE Ser-vice Center (for orders. subscrtptlons, address changes):445 Hoes lane, Plscataway, NJ 08854 USA. Telephone:+1 732981 0060. +1 800 678 4333. Individual copies: IEEEmembers $20.00 (flrsl copy ooly), nonmembers $128.00per copy; S7.00 per member per year (lncluded In Socletyfee) for each member al the IEEEClrcults and Systems Soci-ety. Subscrlptlon fates avallable upon request. Copyrightand Reprint Permission: Abstractlng Is permitted wlthcredlt lo the source. Ubrarles are permUted lo photocopybeyond the IImits of the U.s.Copyrightlawlor prlvateuseal patrons: 1) those post-1977 artlcles that carry acodeat the boUom 01 the first page. provided lhe per<opy leeIndicated In the code Is pald through the Copyright Clear-ance Center. 222 Rosewood Drlve. Danvers. MA01923; and2) pre-1978 artlcles wllhout lee. For other copying. reprlnt.or republlcation permlssion. wrlte to: Copyrlghts andPermissions Department. IEEE Service Center. 44S HoesLane. Piscataway. NJ 08854 USA. Copyright e 2011 by IheInsUtute 01 Electrlcal and Electronlcs Fngineers. Ine. AJIrlghts reserved. Perlodlcals postage paid at New York. NY.and at addlUonal mailing oUlces. Postmaster: Send addresschanges to IEEEClrcuits and Systems Magazine. IEEE Oper-ations Center. 445 Hoes Lane. Piscalaway. NJ. 08854 USAPrinted in U.SA
Digital Object /dentifier 1O./109/MCA5.20//.942749
FOURTH OUARTER 2011
24
CircuitsandSystem~
Volume 11,Number 4 Fourth Quarter 2011
8Exploiting the Body of MOSDevicesfor High Performance Analog DesignPietroMonsurro,SalvatorePennisi,GiuseppeScotti,andAlessandroTrifilettiWith the progressive reduction of MOS transistors minimum dimension andtheir associated supply voltages, the body terminal-considered in the past asan exclusive source of unwanted second order effects-has been advantageouslyexploited by digital designers and is also becoming an attractive opportunity forthe implementation of highperformance analog integrated circuits. In this paper,we willdiscuss some techniques that can be applied to many conventional analogbuilding blocks in order to improve their performance (such as gain and linear-ity) and/or decreasing their supply demandoExperimental prototypes have beenimplemented and tested, showing that the proposed techniques are promisingcandidates for enhanced analog ICdesign in nanoscale technologies.
Architecture Optimizations for the RSAPublic Key Cryptosystem: A TutorialAaronE.CahenandKeshabK.ParhiThe Rivest Shamir Adleman (RSA)cryptosystem, named after its creators, isone of the most popular public key cryptosystems. The RSA cryptosystem hasbeen utilized for e-commerce, various forms of authentication, and virtual privatenetworks. The importance of high security and faster implementations paved theway for RSA crypto-accelerators, hardware implementations of the RSA algo-rithm. This work consists of describing various approaches to implementing RSAcrypto-accelerators based on the "textbook" version of the RSA cryptosystemand comparing their area requirements. Manyof the techniques described herehave applications elsewhere such as in digital signal processing and error cor-recting codesoThis paper presents the four fundamental architectures: the bit-serial squaring architecture, two bit-serial systolic array modular multiplicationarchitectures, and the interleaved.modular multiplication architecture.
IEEECIRCUITSANDSYSTEMSMAGAZINE
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.." ABDUTTHISISSUE1- T he essence of the codesign challenge for exascale
37 Codesign Challenges forsystemsis to use the keydesign criteriaof embed- Exascale Systems: Performance,
Z ded systems-cost and power consumption-while Power, and Reliability -f
.....creating systems that are useful and effectiveover the Darren J. Kerbyson,AbhinavVishnu,broad range of applicationsneeded to advance science. KevinJ. Barker,and AdolfyHoisie ..1- Thecoverfeaturesinthisspecialissuehavebeen selected Thecomplexityoflarge-scaleparallelsystems
:z to cover a cross-sectionof the codesign space and the necessitatesthe simultaneousoptimizationofrelevantconcernsand challenges. multiplehardwareand softwarecomponentsto
e meet performance,efficiency,and fault-tolerance ICDVERFEATURES
goals.AcodesignmethodologyusingmodeJingU can benefitsystemson the path to exascale .\
6UESTEDITORS'INTRDDUCTIDN computing.
19 Codesign for Systems andApplications: Charting the CDMPUTINGPRACTICESPath to Exascale Computing 44 The iPlant Collaborative:VladimirGetov,AdolfyHoisie, Cyberinfrastructure to Feed
I
and Harvey J. Wasserman the WorldThe dock speed benefits of Moore's law have Dan Stanzioneended, and researchers must codesign future
As plant biology becomes a data-driven science,I
exascale HPCsystems and applicationsconcurrently in an integrated manner to new computing technologies are needed to I
address many formidable challenges. The iPlant.k
achieve higher performance under stringent I
power and reliabilityconstraints. Collaborative provides cyberinfrastructure forI
researchersand developersto collaboratein \22 creatingbetter tools,workflows,algorithms,and
Rethinking Hardware-Software ontologies. fCodesign for Exascale SystemsJohn Shalf, Dan Quinlan,
\
and Curtis JanssenPERSPECTIVES
The USDepartment of Energy's exascale 53. Defending against Buffer- .computinginitiativehas identifiedhardware- Overflow Vulnerabilities Isoftware codesign as a central strategy in Bindu Madhavi Padmanabhuniachieving more agile hardware development.
I
and HeeBeng KuanTanHardware simulation and code analysis tools (that facilitatedeeper collaborationbetween Asurveyof techniques ranging from static !hardware architects and application teams will analysis to hardware modification describes how
be an essential component of the codesign , various defensive approaches protect againstI
process. -buffer overflow,a vulnerability that represents asevere security threat. I
31 Codesign for InfiniBandI
Q Clusters RESEARCHFEATURESayantanSur,SreeramPotluri, 61 AIgorithmic Thading
rKrishnaKandalla,HariSubramoni, I
Dhabaleswar K.Panda, and KarenTomko Giuseppe Nuti, Mahnoosh Mirghaemi, Philip \Codesigningapplicationsand communication
Treleaven,and ChaiyakornYingsaereeI
libraries to leverage underlying network Traders increasingly use automated systems for
features is imperative for achieving optimal one or more stages of the trading process, yet !
performance on modern computing clusters... the secrecy and complexity of the algorithms I
prompt providing an overview of how these
lsystems work.I
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Formore information on computing topies, visitthe ComputerSocietyDigitallibrary at www.computer.orglcsdl.I
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Reuse Rights and Reprint Permissions: Educational or personal use of this materialis permitted without fee. provided such use: 1) is not made for profit: 2) includesthis notice and a full citation to the original work on the first page of the copy:
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IEEE prohibits discrimination. harassment. and bullying. For more information. visit www.ieee.org/web/aboutus/whatis/policies/p9-26.htmI.
IEEEComputer Society: http://computer.org
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IEEEComputer Society Publications Office: +1 714821 8380
6(j
The Known WorldThe Honest Give-and-TakeDavid Alan Grier
9 32 & 16 Years AgoComputer,November 1979and 1995Neville Holmes
NEWS11 Technology News
Turning on the Lights for WirelessCommunicationsLee Garber
15 News BriefsLee Garber
MEMBERSHIPNEWS
70 IEEE Computer SocietyConnection
73 Call and Calendar
CDLUMNS75 Green IT
End-to-End Energy ManagementYung-Hsiang Lu, Qinru Qiu, AIiR.Butt,and Kirk w. Cameron
79 Identity SciencesHuman EarRecognitionArun Ross and Ayman Abaza
ÓSee www.computer.org/computer-multimedia for multimedia contentrelated to the features in this issue.
IEEEter~comp~oclety
Flagship Publication of the IEEEComputer Society
83 Industry PerspectiveOpportunities in the Mobile Search Market
José Luis Gómez-Barroso, Claudio Feijóo,and Ramón Compañó
87 Hard IssuesIf Anything in This Life 15Certain,It's That You Can KillAny ISA
Shubu Mukherjee
90 Social ComputingCrowdsourcing MapsMikhil Masli
112 The ProfessionAutomated Personal AssistantsKai A. Olsen and Alessio Malizia
DEPARTMENTS4
7894
EIsewhere in the eseomputer Society Informationeareer Opportunities
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November/December 2011 . Volume 31, Number 6 . Published by the IEEEComputer Society
ThemeArticles
Digital-Content Authoring16 Guest Editors' Introduction
TakeoIgarashi and RadomírMéeh
24 NaturaSketch: Modeling from Imagesand Natural SketchesLukeOlsen.FaramarzF. Samavati, andJoaquimA.Jorge
NaturaSketch lets users create digital sketches using
natural, freehand strokes-similar to sketching with
a pencil and paper. Users can apply multiple strokes
orees! Cover ort: Event Schematic, @2011 Debí Peralto
that overlap, cross, and connect. A meshing algorithm
supports multiple strokes of different classifications,
which lets users design complex 3D shapes from
sketches drawn over existing images.
35 Large-Scale Physics-Based TerrainEditingJuraj Vanek.Bedfich Benes.Adam Herout. andOndfej Stava
Most terrain modelers fail on large-scale phenomena and
focus only on limited effects. An intuitive physics-based
system can process terrain sizes that weren't possible
with previous approaches.
45 A Behavior-Authoring Framework forMultiactor Simulations
MubbasirKapadia,ShawnSingh.GlennReinman.andPetrosFaloutsos
Authoring complicated multiactor interactions in virtual
worlds is challenging. This proposed approach employs
a multiagent planner to balance control flexibility and
automation.
56 Photosketcher: Interactive Sketch-Based Image Synthesis
Mathias Eitz, Ronald Richter, Kristian Hildebrand,TamyBoubekeur.and MareAlexa
Photosketcher synthesizes novel images, using only
sparse user sketches as input. Whereas all photo sketch
systems aim to synthesize realistic novel photographs,
Photosketcher is the first to interactively work with large
collections of untagged images.
Theme Tutorial
18 Curve-Based Shape Modeling-a TutorialPushkarJoshi
This tutorial provides an introduction to curve-based
modeling of 3D shapes. It describes methods that
represent the three main approaches in curve-based
modeling: extruding 2D shapes, inflating 2D shapes,
and drawing 3D curves.
ISSN 0272-1716
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FeatureArticle
68 Nonplnhole Approxlmatlons forInteractlve RenderlngPaulRasen,VaicuPapescu,KyleHayward,andChrisWyman
Orthographic or perspective imagesare often used to
approximate geometry. Theseapproximations capture
only what's visible from one direction or viewpoint.
Nonpinhole camerascan improve approximation quality
at little additional costoAproposed nonpinhole camera
demonstrates these advantagesby way of reflections,
refractions,relief texture mapping, and ambient occlusion.
Departments
3 Fromthe EditorA New Department and a PanelDlscusslonGabrielTaubin
4 About the CoverHer Own Virtual Gallery of ArtGary Singh
6 VisualizationViewpointsToward a General l/O Layer forParallel-Vlsuallzatlon AppllcatlonsWesley Kendall, fian Huang, Tam Peterka, RabertLatham, and Rabert Rass
11 Graphically SpeakingTreevls.net:A Tree Vlsuallzatlon Reference
Hans-forgSchulz
84 Graphics Math & Code3D RotatlonsGabriel Taubin
90 ApplicationsModellng Neck and Braln Injuries inInfantsErnesto Pance and Daniel Pance
http://www.computer.org/cga
Insideback .
cover Advanced GraphlcsTechnology
IEEEComputer Society Information, p. 66
Advertiser /Product Index, p. 89
CG&A'sAnnuallndex for 2011 is availableonline at www.computer.org/cga/11 index
For more information on computing topies, visit theComputer Society Digital Library at www.computer.org/csdl.
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SEMANTICS IN LOCATION-BASED SERVICES
10 Guest Editor's Introduction ALSO IN THIS ISSUESergio lIarri, Arantza lIIarramendi, Eduardo Mena,and Amit Sheth
15 Semantic Traffic~AwareRoutingUsing the LarKCPlatform
Virtual World Architectures
40 A Semantic Approach to Virtual WorldStandard s
David J.H. Burden
Emanuele Della Valle, Irene Celino, Daniele Dell'Aglio,Ralph Grothmann, Florian Steinke, and Volker Tresp
44 Learhing a Foreign Language in aMixed~RealityEnvironment
24 A Framework for Integrating, Exploring,and Searching Location-Based Web Data
María Blanca Ibáñez, Carlos Delgado Kloos, Derick Leony,José Jesús García Rueda, and David Maroto
Alessandro Bozzon, Marco Brambilla, Stefano Ceri,and Silvia Quarteroni
Video Transport
48 Toward Lossless Video Transport
32 Mobile Querying of Online Semantic WebData for Context-Aware Applications
John Evans, Ali C. Begen, Jason Greengrass,and Clarence Filsfils
For more informatian on these or any other computingtopies, please visit the IEEEComputer Society DigitalLibrary at www.eomputer.org/publications/dlib.
Home Networks
58 A Semantically Enhanced UPnP ControlPoint for Sharing Multimedia Content
William Van Woensel, Sven Casteleyn, Elien Paret,and alga De Troyer
Mariano Rico, Oscar Corcho, Víctor Méndez,and José Manuel Gómez-Pérez
Publishedbythe IEEEComputerSoeietyhttp://www.eomputer.org/miero ...,
September/Oetober 2011 Volume31Number5
Features
4 Guest Editor's Introduction: CPUs, GPUs,and Hybrid ComputingDavid Brooks
7 GPUs and the Future of Parallel ComputingStephenW Keckler,WilliamJ Dally, BrucekKhailany,MichaelGarland,and David Glasco
18 Multi-GPU DGEMM and High PerformanceLinpack on Highly Energy-Efficient ClustersDavid Rohr,MatthiasBach,Matthias Kretz,and VolkerLindenstruth
28 PEPPHER: Efficient and Productive Usageof Hybrid Computing Systems
SiegfriedBenkner, Sabri Pllana, JesperLarssonTrdffPhilippas Tsigas,Uwe Dolinsky, CédricAugonnet,BeverlyBachmayer,Christoph Kessler,David Moloney,and Vitaly Osipov
42 Implementing Domain-Specific Languagesfor Heterogeneous Parallel Computing
HyoukJoongLee,Kevin J Brown, Arvind K Sujeeth,Hassan Chafi, Kunle Olukotun, Tiark Romp¡;and Martin Odersky
54 Medical Ultrasound Imaging: To GPU or Notto GPU?
Hayden K-H So,Junying Chen, Billy Y.S. Yiu,and Alfred C.H Yu
66 Performance Implications of Nonuniform DeviceTopologies in Scalable Heterogeneous Architectures
JeremyS. Meredith, Philip C. Roth, Kyle 1. Spafford,and Jeffrey S. Vetter
Departments2 From the Editor in Chief
CPUs and GPUs: Who Owns che Fucure?
76 Micro ReviewEffeccive Communicacion
80 Micro EconomicsThe Wi-Fi Journey
Compucer Socieey lnformacion, p.Advercising/Producc lndex, p. 75
Cover artwork by Peter Nagypeternagy@earthlink.net
On the Webwww.computer.org/micro
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Volume 12 . Number 7 . December 2011 5upplement . 155N 1527-3342
The Head of the ClassPoweramplifiersfor wirelessand radio applicationsMurat Eron, Burnman Kim, Frederick Raab, Robert Caverly,and Joseph Staudinger
No Strings AttachedSmart bioinstruments
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IEEE Microwave Theoryand Techniques Society
EditorKate A. RemleyNational Institute of Standards
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and Technology+1 3034974923microedt@nist.govArea Editors
e-NewsletterTakao InoueNational Instrumentsmicrowave.e-news@ieee.orgMicroBusinessFred SchindlerRF Micro Devicesm.schindler@ieee.orgBooklSoftware Reviews
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MAGAZINEfar Ihe Microwave & Wirefess Engineer
'fucused issuefeatures
42 Integrationfor AII ConfigurationsDense carbon nanotube arrays for advanced interconnects and
novel radio-frequency functionality in CM OS back-end-of-lineAdrian M. Ionescu,JeanDijon, and John Robertson
5 1 Nanofibers for RF and BeyondBroadbandmetrologyof nanofibersto enableRF interconnectsT. Mitch Wallis, Kichul Kim, Dejan S. Filipovic, and Pavel Kabos
62 Polymers for RF AppsAdvanced polymers for RF packaging applicationsMadhavan Swaminathan, Venky Sundararn,
John Papapolyrnerou, and P.Markondeya Raj
features
78 MicrowaveImagingfor Breast CancerMicrowavenear-fieldimagingof huínantissue:Challenges,hopes,outIookNataliaK. Nikolova
on the cover:CiSTOCKPHOTO.COMIRYCCIO
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VOLUME5 NUMBER4 DECEMBER2011
MAGAZINEFor the 21st.Century Technologists
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tradition and innovation.KAZUMI MATSUSHIGE
TheBeallsOn:OrapbeneApplications15Thermal manag8ment of nanoelectronics- and 3-D electronics.
ALEXANDERA. BALANDIN
DECEMBER20111IEEENANOTECHNOLOGYMAGAZINE11
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NOVEMBER/DECEMBER2011 WWW.COMPUTER.ORG/SOFTWARE
Climate Change: Science and Software
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FOCUSCLIMATE CHANGE:SCIENCE AND SOFTWARE
32 Climate Change: Science and SoftwareGuest Editors' IntroductionSteveM.Easterbrook, Paul N. Edwards,Venkatramani Balaji,and Reinhard Budich
36 Clear Climate Code: RewritingLegacy Science Software for ClarityNick Barnes and David Jones
43 Managing Software Complexityand Variability in Coupled Climate ModelsSpencerRugaber, Rocky Dunlap, Leo Mark,and SameerAnsari
49 Software Testing and Verificationin Climate Model DevelopmentThomas L. Clune and Richard B. Rood
56 Enabling Open DevelopmentMethodologies in Climate ChangeAssessment ModelingJoshua Introne, Robert Laubacher, and Thomas Malone
62 Point/CounterpointOpen Source ClimateModel Development Is Worth ItIsaac Held
Should Climate Models Be Open Source?David Randall
FEATURES
66 Pattern-Based Architecture ReviewsNeilB.Harrisonand ParisAvgeriou
72 Using Guidelines to Improve Qualityin Software Nonfunctional AttributesMalik Hneif and Sai Peck Lee
78 SASSY: A Framework
for Self-ArchitectingService-Oriented SystemsDanielA.Menascé,HassanGomaa,Sam Malek, and Joao P.Sousa
86 Verification and Validationfor Trustworthy Software SystemsJamesBret Michael, Doron Drusinsky,Thomas W. Otani, and Man-Tak Shing
INSIGHTS
9 What an Agile Architect Can Learnfrom a:Hurricane MeteorologistEric Richardson
Building the Community oí Leading Software Practitioners
www.computer.org/software
DEPARTMENTS
4 From the EditorAssuring the Future?A Look at ValidatingClimate Model SoftwareForrest Shull
13 Software TechnologyReengineeringTechnologiesRicardo Pérez-Castillo,Ignacio García-Rodriguez de Guzmán,Mario Piattini, and Christof Ebert
18 On ArchitectureThe Architecture of Small ThingsGrady Booch
20 ViewpointsFrom Programming to Modeling-and Back AgainMarkusVolter
26 Tools of the TradeLessons from SpaceDiomidis Spinellis and Henry Spencer
MISCELLANEOUS
Inside How to Reach UsFrontCover
31 Call for Papers: MobileSoftware Development
99 Advertiser Information
~ CertifiedFiberfg~l~f~~BLESourcingINITIATlVE www,sfiprogram,org ~Prlnted wlth
Inb contalnlngsoyandforvegetable 011$
29 The Pragmatic ArchitectTo Pay or Not to PayTechnical DebtFrank Buschmann
93Impact
10 MLOC in Your Office CopierYukiTsuchitoiand HidekiSugiura
96 Voice of EvidenceDeveloping Fault-PredictionModels: What the ResearchCan Show IndustryTracy Hall, Sarah Beecham,David Bowes,David Gray,and SteveCounsell
100 RequirementsThe Inhibited AnalystNeilMaiden
104 Sounding Board,All Late Projects Are the SllmeTomDeMarco
99 Call for Papers:Lean Software Development
102 IEEEComputer SocietyInformation
Online 2011 Annual Index:www.computer.org/software/llindex
Q For more information on eomputingtopies, visit the Computer Soeiety DigitalLibrary at www.eomputer.org/esdl.
EDITOR IN CHIEFForrestShull
fshull@compuler.orgEDITOR IN CHIEF EMERITUS:
Hakan Erdogmus,KalemunResearch
ASSOCIATEEDITOR S IN CHIEF
ComputingNow:MaurizioMorisio,PolilecnicodiTorino;maurizio,morisio@polito.it
Design/Architecture:UweZdun,University01Vienna;uwe,zdun@univie,ac,at
DevelopmentInfrastructuresandTools:ThomasZimmermann,MicrosoftResearch;
tzimmer@microsolt.com
DistributedandEnterpriseSoftware:JohnGrundy,SwinburneUniversity01Technology;
john-g@cs,auckland,ac,nz
EmpiricalStudies:TOleDyba,SINTEF;Tore,Dyba@sintef.no,
InsightsandExperienceReports:linda Rising,consultant;Iinda@lindarising,org
HumanandSocialAspeets:Margaret-Anne(Peggy)Storey,University01Victoria,
Canada;mstorey@uvic,ca
Management:JohnFavaro,Intecs;john@lavaro,net
ProgrammingLanguagesandParadigms:LaurenceTratt,King'sCollegeLondon;laurie@tratt.net
Proeesses:WollgangStrigel,consultant;strigel@qalabs,com
Quality:AnnieCombelles,DNv/Q-Labs;annie,combelles@dnv,com
Requirements:NeilMaiden,CityUniversityLondon;cc559@soi.city,ac,uk
JaneCleland-Huang,DePaulUniversity;jhuang@cti,depaul.edu
DEPARTMENT EDITORS
Bookshelf:Art Sedighi,SoftModuleImpact:MichielvanGenuchten,
OpenDigitalDentistry
LesHatton,KingstonUniversityOnArehitecture:GradyBooch,IBMResearch
PragmaticArchitect:FrankBuschmann,Siemens
Requirements:NeilMaiden,CityUniversityLondon
SoftwareTeehnology:ChristolEbert,VectorSoundingBoard:PhilippeKruchten,
University01British Columbia
Toolsof theTrade:DiomidisSpinellis,AthensUniversity01EconomicsandBusiness
Voieeof Evidence:ToreDyba.SINTEFHelenSharp,TheOpenUniversity
ADVISORY BOARDFrances Paulisch,Siemens (Chair)
Pekka Abrahamsson, FreeUniversity01Bozen-Bolzano
Ayse Basar Bener, RyersonUniversity
Jan Bosch, ChalmersUniv,01Technology
Taku Fujii,Osaka GasInlormation
System Research Institute
Robert L. Glass,Computing Trends
Kevlin Henney,consultant
Gregor Hohpe, Google
Dorothy McKinney,Lockhead Martin Space Systems
Grigori Melnik, Microsoft
Ipek Ozkaya,Software EngineeringInstitute
Wollgang Strigel, consultant
Douglas R. Vogel,City Univ,01Hong Kong
Markus Volter, consultant
RebeccaWirls-Brock, Wirls-Brock Associates
DECEMBER 2011
VOLUME 6 NUMBER 4
www.vtsociety.org
A Hybrid City Car,
pp. 24-37
Coherent VersusNoncoherent,pp.38-48
WIMAX and
Bluetooth,pp. 6~7
Cover ¡mage credit-@Digital Stock
FEA TURES
16 Design of Low-Density Parity-Check CodesAn Overview
NicholasBonello,Sheng Chen,andLajosHanzo
24 A Hybrid City CarPrototype by ENEA for Urban MobilityEnnio Rossi and Carlo Vil/ante
38 CoherentVersusNoncoherentLinear Dispersion Space-Time CodesNan Wu,ShinyaSugiura,and LajosHanzo
49 An Opened Eye on YouStealthy Video Capturer .Nan Xu, Weijia Jia, Yisha Luo, Fan Zhang,Dong Xuan, and Jin Teng
60 WIMAX.and BluetoothColocated Coexistence in a Mobile Handset
Wonyong Yoon
68 AutomotiveShiftMagnetic Field Modeling of Cylindrical Permanent MagnetXiaocuiZhou, WeiSun, GuoruiZhao, and Yu Wang
Digital Object /dentifier /O.//09/MVT.20//.942804
DECEMBER2011 I IEEEVEHICULAR1ECHNOLOGYMAGAZINE 1111
IEEE Antennas&Propagation
@ + IEEE MagazineVolume 53, No. 4, August 2011 www.ieeeaps.org (ISSN 1045-9243)
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Table of ContentsFeature Articles
Photoresist-Based Polymer Resonator Antennas: Lithography Fabrication, Strip-Fed Excitation, and Multimode OperationAtabak Rashidian, DavidM.Klymyshyn, Mohammadreza TayfehAligodarz,MartinBoemer, and Jürgen Mohr 16
Coherence, Compressive Sensing, and Random Sensor ArraysLawreneeCarin,DehongL/u,andBin Guo 28
Radio-Electric Validation of an Electronic Cowbell Based on ZigBee TechnologyJ. A. Gay-Fernández, ,. Cuiñas, M. G. Sánchez, and A. \1.Alejos 40
Design of an Edge-Coupled Dual-Ring Split-Ring ResonatorAnju Pradeep, S. Mridula, and P. Mohanan 45
Low-Cost Procedure for Radar-Imaging SimulationM.G.Araujo,J. L. Rodriguez,J. M. Taboada,F.Obelleiroandl. Gareia-Tuñon 55
Compact Circularly Polarized Symmetric-Slit Microstrip AntennasNasimuddin,X.Qing,andZ.N.Chen 63
Comparison of 1.8 GHz Cellular Outdoor Measurements with AWAS Electromagnetic Code andConventional Models Over Urban and Suburban Regions of Northern IndiaM. V.S.N.Prasad,SaurabhGupta,andM.M. Gupta 76
Also in this Issue Departments (Cont'd)ChangeofAddress 27 EtCetera- AkgOl 150In Memqriam: Man Fai Wong 145 Meetings and Symposia - Wasky 154FelsenAward 247 ShortCourses- Wasky 158iWAT2011 241 Lettersto the Editor 160
EducationColumn- Kelley 178Departments HiddenWord- Gardiol 202Editor'sComments- Stone 8 EthicallySpeaking- Haupt 204President's Message - Salazar-Palma 8 Intellectual Property and Patent Abstracts - Henderson 207AP-SChapterNews- Shen 86 WireleesComer- Rajo-Iglesias 216Antenna Designer's Notebook - MiIIigan 94 IEEE-USA 226Measurements Comer - Fiseher and LaHaie 103 AMTA Comer - Schneider and Kemp 230ReviewsandAbstracts- Weile 113 HistoricalComer- Pelosi 248EM Programmer's Notebook - Davidson 118 Testing Ourselves - Sevgi 251AP-S Turnstile - 8ansal 146 Antenna Applications Comer - Rao and Kralovec 262
Cover: The two-dimensional normalized top, side, and frontal projections of an F18's fjJfjJradar cross section for frontal incidence at 1 GHzwith a resolution of one-half wavelength. See the feature article by M.G. Araujo, J. L. Rodriguez, J. M.Taboada, F. Obelleiro, and l. Garcia-Tuñon.
Address editorial correspondence to the Editor-in-Chief, W. Ross Stone, Stoneware Limited, 840 Armada Terrace, San Diego,CA 92106 USA; Tel: +1 (619) 222-1915; Fax: +1 (619) 222-1606; E-mail: r.stone@ieee.org.
The IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine (ISSNI045-9243) is'published bimonthly beginning in February of each yearby the Antennas and Propagation Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. It is mailed at the end ofthe month of issue. IEEE Headquarters: 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway NJ 08855-1331 USA, Tel: +1 (800) 678-4333, +1 (732)981-0060; Fax: +1 (732) 981-9667; E-mail: customerservice@ieee.org. $6.00 per member per year included in Society feesis paid as the subscription price. The Magazine is the successor publication to the IEEE Antennas and Propagation SocietyNewsletter. The Newsletter carried volume numbers 1 through 31, enping with December, 1989; the Magazine began withvolume number 32 in 1990.Institutional and non-member subscriptions: Institutions and individuals who are not members ofthe IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society may subscribe to the Magazine: see the current IEEE subscription price list at http://www.ieee.orglpublications_standards/publications/subscriptions/info/subpricelist.html. or contact Customer Service.
Copyright and reprint permissions: Abstracting is permitted with credit to the source: Instructors are permitted to photocopyisolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee and with credit to the source, in accordance with the "fair use"doctrine of US and intemational copyright laws. Libraries are permitted to photocopy beyond the limits of the copyright lawfor the private use ofpatrons 1) those post-1977 articles that carry acode at the bottom ofthe first page, provided the per-copyfee indicated in the code is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970 USA; and 2)pre-1978 articles without fee. Contact the Editor-in-Chief regarding reprinting by other IEEE publications and other publications.For all other copying, reprinting, conversion into electronically-readable form, or republication permission, write to Copyrightsand Permissions Department, IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway NJ 08855-1331 USA. Copyright @2011TheInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., acting as agent and trustee for the Antennas and Propagation Society. AlIrights reserved. Printed in USA. Periodicals postage paid at New York, NY, and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Sendaddress changes to Antennas and Propagation Magazine Address Change at the IEEE Service Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway,NJ 08855-1331USA.
- IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 53, No. 4, August 2011 3
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ELECTRICALINSULATIONINovember/December 2011 A Publicationof the Dielectrics &Electricallnsulation Society
FEATURE ARTICLES
8 Partial Discharge lnfluence on Dissipation FactorValues During Stator-Bar Testing
Alfredo Contin and Hugh ZhuThe article investigates how partial discharge activity can influence dissipationfactor values in stator-bar testing.
15 Power Transformer End-of-Life Assessment-PracanaCase Study
M.Augusta Martins, Mónica Fialho, Jorge Martins,Mário Soares, Maria Cristina, R. Castro Lopes, andHugo M.R. CampeloThe article describes a cost-benefit methodology that is useful to asset managerswhen making decisions to replace or refurbish power transformers.
27 On-Load Tap Changer Diagnosis-An Off-LineMethod for Detecting Degradation and Defects: Part 2
Jur J. Erbrink, Edward Gulski, Johan J. Smit, ROryLeich,Ben Quak, and Ryszard A. MalewskiInterpretation of dynarnic resistance measurements on on-Ioad tap changersmade directly after regular maintenance can prevent transformer failure.
37 Effect of Limiting Airflow in Mitigating Combu~tion-Driven Manhole Events
LilyZhang, Steven A. Boggs, and George MurrayLimiting oxygen flow in secondary cable duct can mitigate combustion-drivenmanhole events.
Cover Photo:
Dismantling of a 150-kV transformer, described in the article starting on page15, a rare opportunity to assess the aging of a transformer that has reached itsend of life.
November/December - Vol.27, No. 6
PEPAIITIUT,
4 EditorialSimoll Rowland
6 From theEdito.rs' DeskEd Cherney,Robert Fleming,and Louise Audrieth
45 DEIS News
46 NewsFromJapany.Ohki
48 Book ReviewsJohn J. Shea
54 Meetings CalendarResi Zarb
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