asfalto liquido
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Diapositiva 1
PROCESO DE FORMACION DEL CRUDO
DE PETROLEO
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Diapositiva 2
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Diapositiva 3
LOS CRUDOS DEL PETROLEO
CARACTERIZACION Y CLASIFICACION
•Fracciones destilables
•Contenido de asfalto
141.5
Grado API = - 131.5
P.E
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Diapositiva 4
26
58
10
28
27
API Degrees
SP Gravity
% Sulfur
BOSCAN
VENEZUELA
10.1
0.999
8.4
ARABIAN
HEAVY
28.2
0.886
2.8
NIGERIA
LIGHT
38.1
0.834
0.2
16
30
Gasolina
Kerosene
Lt. Gas Oil
Hv. Gas Oil
Bitumen
residuum
1
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Diapositiva 5
CLASIFICACION DE LOS
CRUDOS
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Diapositiva 6
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Diapositiva 7
LOS ASFALTOS LIQUIDOS • Es una forma de fluidificar un cemento
asfáltico con el fin de manejarlo atemperaturas mas bajas.
• Se denominan: cut-back, asfaltos rebajadoso cortados: Asfalto líquido industrial
• Están conformados por un cemento asfáltico+ un solvente (gasolina, kerosene, aceite)
• En los crudos pesados los solventes son dediferentes grados de volatilización-
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Diapositiva 8
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Diapositiva 9
HUGO LEON ARENAS LOZANO 9
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Diapositiva 10
HUGO LEON ARENAS LOZANO 10
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Diapositiva 11
PROCESO DE CURADO
• Aplicado el asfalto líquido, los solventesinician su proceso de volatilización.
• Su duración depende del tipo de solvente
• Finalizado el proceso de curado queda elligante asfáltico rodeando la partícula deagregado (Asfalto residual).
• El asfalto residual tiene las mismascaracterísticas que el cemento asfálticoutilizado para su fabricación.
Asfalto líquido agregado Evaporación Asfalto residual
Solvente
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Diapositiva 12
CLASIFICACION
De acuerdo a la velocidad de volatilización:
• Curado Rápido RC (rapid curing): gasolina
• Curado medio MC (medium curing):kerosene
• Curado lento SC (slow curing): aceites
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Diapositiva 13
CARACTERIZACION FISICA
• Velocidad de curado: Destilación
• Manejabilidad: Viscosidad a 60 oC
• Seguridad en la operación: Punto de llama y contenido de agua
• Características del asfalto residual: penetración, punto ablandamiento, viscosidad a
60 oC, etc
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Diapositiva 14
SEGURIDAD EN LA OPERACIÓN
PUNTO DE LLAMA CONTENIDO DE AGUA
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Diapositiva 15
METODOS TRADICIONALES DE
EVALUACION A TEMPERATURAS DE
MANEJO
VISCOSIDAD SAYBOLT
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Diapositiva 16
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Diapositiva 17
HUGO LEON ARENAS LOZANO 17
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Diapositiva 18
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Diapositiva 19
CURVA DE DESTILACION
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 100 200 300 400
Temperatura oC
% D
es
tila
do
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Diapositiva 20
NOMENCLATURA
Se designan con las letras RC, MC, SC que
indican el tipo de solvente que se utilizó para
su fabricación y la velocidad de volatilización de
los solventes, seguida de un número que indica
la viscosidad del ligante a 60 oC, en centistokes.
• RC-250
• MC-70
• SC- 250
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