4. ampelografía

8/3/2019 4. Ampelografa

1/24

HC\DFEI^HAMH


2/24

>

Afhqme Keftcdfh qd~* ;*


3/24

;

8*HC\DFEI^HAMH

Fh qmb d{ tje bd fe{ ktfrmqe{ c{ hjrmite{ xtd {d kejekdj& } dpm{rd

tjh i~hj khjrmbhb bd qh~mdbhbd{ dj rebe df ctjbe* Ctk`h{ bd d{rh{ qh#~mdbhbd{ {d ktfrmqhj bd{bd `hkd {mife{& } hfitjh{ {ej kectjd{ h ctk`h{

fekhfmzhkmejd{ idei~amkh{ bm{rmjrh{* D{ tj `dkè hjkd{r~hfcdjrd kejekm#

be |e~ df ècn~d xtd bm{rmjrh{ qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmb bhj ftih~ h bmad~djrd{

rm|e{ bd qmje& fe xtd tjmbe h fe{ bmad~djrd{ it{re{ dpm{rdjrd{& bme ftih~ h

tjh jdkd{mbhb? fh mbdjrmamkhkmj& fe c{ |~dkm{h |e{mnfd& bd fh{ bm{rmjrh{

qh~mdbhbd{ bm{|ejmnfd{ dj khbh ~dimj qmrkefh* D{rh jdkd{mbhb {d ~d{efqm

mjmkmhfcdjrd& kece dj fh rerhfmbhb bd d{|dkmd{ qdidrhfd{ } hjmchfd{& bd fh

ae~ch c{ jhrt~hf d mjrtmrmqh |e{mnfd? cdbmhjrd fh bd{k~m|kmj } kec|h#

~hkmj bd bdrd~cmjhbe{ kh~hkrd~d{ qm{mnfd{*

Kej df rmdc|e& df d{rtbme bd fh qmb {d `mze c{ {eam{rmkhbe } hfkhjz

tj ~hjie dfdqhbe& |h{hjbe h kej{rmrtm~{d dj tjh kmdjkmh |~e|mh? fh Hc|d#fei~hah (bdf i~mdie c|dfe{& qmb-*

R~hbmkmejhfcdjrd& {d `hj trmfmzhbe crebe{ {tnodrmqe{ bd bd{k~m|#

kmj bd fe{ kh~hkrd~d{ ce~aefimke{ bd fe{ ~ihje{ bd fh{ qmbd{* Df Mjrd~#

jhrmejhf \fhjr Idjdrmk ^d{et~kd{ Mj{rmrtrd (M\I^M-& xtd d{ tj kdjr~e bdfI~t|e Kej{tfrmqe {en~d Mjqd{rmihkmj Hi~kefh Mjrd~jhkmejhf (KIMH^- }

xtd d{r qmjktfhbe h fh AHE (E~ihjmzhkmj bd fh{ Jhkmejd{ Tjmbh{ |h~h fh

Hi~mktfrt~h } fh Hfmcdjrhkmj-& dbmr fe{ Bd{k~m|re~d{ |h~h fh qmb (Qmrm{{||*- dj 8*==9* Dj tj mjrdjre bd kej{dj{e& fh{ fm{rh{ bd bd{k~m|re~d{ {d

~dhfmzh~ej dj kefhne~hkmj kej fh EMQ } fh T\EQ* Fe{ bd{k~m|re~d{ ce~#

aefimke{ {dfdkkmejhbe{ |h~h fh mbdjrmamkhkmj bd qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmb bdndj

{d~ akmfcdjrd bdrdkrhbe{ h {mc|fd qm{rh } bdndj {d~qm~ |h~h `hkd~ tjh

bm{k~mcmjhkmj akmf } ~|mbh djr~d adjerm|e{* Idjd~hfcdjrd {ej kh~hkrd#~d{ `d~dbhnfd{& xtd {d dp|~d{hj mithfcdjrd dj rebe{ fe{ hcnmdjrd{*

Hkrthfcdjrd d{re{ r~d{ e~ihjm{ce{? M\I^M& EMQ } T\EQ|~d{djrhj

bd{k~m|re~d{ |~e|me{& bm{|ejdj bd tjh fm{rh bd kh~hkrd~d{ xtd {d ~damd~dj

h hxtdffh{ kh~hkrd~{rmkh{ bd fh |fhjrh {tamkmdjrdcdjrd d{rhnfd{ |h~h {d~

qfmbh{ h fh è~h bd bdamjm~ } bmad~djkmh~ fh{ bm{rmjrh{ qh~mdbhbd{*


4/24

2

D{rh{ fm{rh{ bd kh~hkrd~d{ kemjkmbdj dj tjh i~hj |h~rd |d~e je ffd#

ihj h {d~ kec|fdrhcdjrd mbjrmkh{& |td{ ~dafdohj fe{ k~mrd~me{ } hfrd~jhrm#

qh{ dfdimbe{ |e~ fe{ bm{rmjre{ i~t|e{ bd dp|d~re{ xtd `hj kejae~chbe

khbh tje bd fe{ e~ihjm{ce{ mjrd~jhkmejhfd{ cdjkmejhbe{* Bt~hjrd fe{

he{ >*


5/24

4

Fh~ie rmdc|e jdkd{h~me |h~h kec|fdrh~ fh bd{k~m|kmj? bd{bd xtd {d

mjmkmh tjh |fhjrhkmj& |tdbdj |h{h~ 2 he{ `h{rh xtd fh{ |fhjrh{ d{rj

fm{rh{ |h~h {d~ bd{k~mrh{* Fh bd{k~m|kmj hnh~kh tj kmkfe qdidrhrmqe kec#

|fdre bd fh |fhjrh& fe xtd mc|fmkh tj cjmce bd kthr~e qm{mrh{ bdf hc|df#

i~hae h fh |fhjrhkmj h fe fh~ie bd tje{ {dm{ cd{d{* Hbdc{& bdnmbe h bmad#

~djkmh{ hcnmdjrhfd{& df d{rtbme bdnd ~dhfmzh~{d bt~hjrd qh~me{ he{*

Df jcd~e bd kh~hkrd~d{ h d{rtbmh~ d{ fmcmrhbe& |e~ fe xtd& bhbe df i~hjjcd~e bd qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmb& je {mdc|~d d{ |e{mnfd fh mbdjrmamkhkmj mj#

dxtqekh* Hc|fmh~ fh fm{rh cjmch h er~e{ kh~hkrd~d{ kejffdqh ~md{ie{&

|td{ ctkè{ {ej {t{kd|rmnfd{ h fh{ bmad~djkmh{ hcnmdjrhfd{& fe xtd ht#

cdjrh df ~md{ie bd d~~e~d{ dj fh mbdjrmamkhkmj*

Fe{ bm{rmjre{ rm|e{ bd |ebh hadkrhj h fe{ kh~hkrd~d{ ce~aefimke{ bd fh|fhjrh& `hkmdjbe xtd fe{ ~d{tfrhbe{ je {mdc|~d {dhj kec|h~hnfd{*

>* ER^H[ RDKJMKH[ ] CREBE[ BD ^DKEJEKMCMDJRE

Crebe{ ce~aecr~mke{[d `hj nt{khbe tjh {d~md bd kh~hkrd~d{ {t{kd|rmnfd{ bd kthjrmamkh#

kmj d{r~mkrh } enodrmqh& kej fh amjhfmbhb bd dfmcmjh~ fh {tnodrmqmbhb bdfe|d~hbe~* H{ jhkm fh Hc|dfecdr~h& crebe xtd kec|fdcdjrh fe{ d{rt#

bme{ hc|dfei~amke{* D{r nh{hbe dj fh bd{k~m|kmj kthjrmrhrmqh } dj df

hjfm{m{ d mjrd~|~drhkmj bd fh ae~ch bd fh{ èoh{ cdbmhjrd df t{e bd tj

bmimrhfmzhbe~& xtd ahkmfmrh rhjre fh{ cdbmkmejd{ bd fejimrtbd{ } jitfe{

|~d{djrd{ dj fh{ èoh{& kece df |~ekd{hcmdjre bd fe{ bhre{* Dj ~d{tcdj&

{d r~hrh bd tj crebe bd {mc|fd } ~|mbh h|fmkhkmj& xtd {t{rmrt}d dj

|h~rd hf r~hnhoe bdf e|d~hbe~ dj df khc|e kej df amj bd mbdjrmamkh~ tjh

qh~mdbhb*

Rkjmkh{ cefdktfh~d{ nmextcmkh{

@hkd hfitje{ he{& atd~ej nh{rhjrd trmfmzhbh{ rkjmkh{ cefdktfh~d{

kej fh{ xtd {d enrdjhj d{rmchkmejd{ bd fh qh~mhnmfmbhb bd qh~mdbhbd{ bd

qmb hrdjbmdjbe h kh~hkrd~d{ bd rm|e nmextcmke& rhfd{ kece m{edjzmch{

bd èoh } {h~cmdjre& } |~erdjh{ bd djbe{|d~ce* @e} dj bh& {rh{ rkjm#

kh{ |~krmkhcdjrd `hj {mbe ~ddc|fhzhbh{ |e~ hxtdffh{ nh{hbh{ dj df d{#

rtbme bd fe{ kmbe{ jtkfdmke{*


6/24

1

Rkjmkh{ cefdktfh~d{ nh{hbh{ dj df hjfm{m{ bd HBJ

Fh{ rkjmkh{ cefdktfh~d{ |d~cmrdj d{rtbmh~ |efmce~am{ce{ dj df

HBJ& e~midj bd rebh fh qh~mhkmj idjrmkh& } kej{rmrt}dj |e~ rhjre tjh

h|~epmchkmj c{ amhnfd |h~h bdrd~cmjh~ fh{ bmad~djkmh{ djr~d qh~mdbh#

bd{ e d{|dkmd{* Hbdc{ dqmrhj |~enfdch{ h{ekmhbe{ kej mjaftdjkmh{ cd#

bmehcnmdjrhfd{& ahkre~d{ am{mefimke{ } dp|~d{mj d{|dkamkh bd rdombe }

bd{h~~effe*

Df idjech bd fh qmb `h {mbe {dktdjkmhbe h r~hq{ bd tj |~e}dkre

a~hjke#mrhfmhje } {d djktdjr~h fmn~dcdjrd bm{|ejmnfd |h~h rebe df ctjbe

djr~d er~h{& dj fh |imjh ydn?

yyy*kj{*a~%dprd~jd%Djifm{`%\~eodr{%\~eodrUCF%khfdjb~md~*`rcf*

Fh qmb |e{dd tj rhche idjcmke bd 294 C|n e~ihjmzhbe dj 8=

k~ece{ech{ (>j3;0-* D{ h|~epmchbhcdjrd r~d{ qdkd{ ch}e~ xtd df rh#

che bdf idjech c{ |dxtde kejekmbe dj |fhjrh{& |d~rdjdkmdjrd h

H~hnmbe|{m{ r`hfmhjh (824 C|n-& {mcmfh~ hf bdf h~~ez WE~}zh {hrmqh (28=#

21; C|n-S& } kmjke qdkd{ c{ |dxtde xtd df bdf chz W_dh ch}{ (>*>=>#

>*981 C|n-S*

Df jcd~e bd {dktdjkmh{ jtkfderbmkh{ rerhfd{ |~d{djrd{ dj df id#jech bd fh qmb& } |tnfmkhbh{ dj df JKNM#Jhrmejhf Kdjrd~ ea Nmerdk`jefei}

Mjae~chrmej (T[H- d{ bd 444*>


7/24

9

H |h~rm~ bd fe{ he{ 9


8/24

0

;* FH[ QH^MDBHBD[ BD QMRM[

Df jcd~e bd qh~mdbhbd{ bd Q* qmjmad~h ~dim{r~hbh{ dj df ctjbe }

{t~imbh{ |e~ dqeftkmj jhrt~hf& d{ hf cdje{ bd 4*


9/24

=

Fh kfh{mamkhkmj bd fh{ qh~mdbhbd{ ktfrmqhbh{ xtd kec|ejdj fh d{#

|dkmd Qmrm{ qmjmad~h d{ bmakmf& bdnmbe h xtd fh{ qh~mdbhbd{ hkrthfd{ |~ekd#

bdj& bd fh dqeftkmj& {dfdkkmj& hbh|rhkmj hf ktfrmqe bd fh{ fhcn~t{kh{

(qmbd{ {mfqd{r~d{- } bdf k~tzhcmdjre jhrt~hf djr~d |fhjrh{ `d~cha~ebmrh{

bd e~midj h{mrmke& mjr~ebtkmbh{ |e~ df `ecn~d& kej fh{ |enfhkmejd{ bmem#

kh{ dt~e|dh{ bd qmbd{ {mfqd{r~d{ (qh~mhnmfmbhb mjrd~qh~mdrhf-& d{ bdkm~& {ej

cd{rmze{ djr~d fh{ \~efd{ \jrmke#ekkmbdjrhfm{* Bd hxt xtd {d ham~cd

xtd fe{ qmdbe{ d{|hefd{ {ej qh~mdbhbd{ bd bm{rmjrh{ d{|dkmd{* \e~ er~e

fhbe& d{re{ ktfrmqh~d{ dt~e|de{ hkrthfd{& |e{mnfdcdjrd |~ekdbhj bd tj

i~t|e bd |fhjrh{ ct} {dcdohjrd{ dpr~hbh{ bd fh afe~h& fe xtd ot{rmamkh~h

|fdjhcdjrd df e~midj |efmkfejhf bd jtd{r~e{ hkrthfd{ ktfrmqh~d{& xtd |e~

fe rhjre bdndj {d~ kej{mbd~hbe{ kece htrjrmkh{ qmjad~h{ |enfhkmj*

Bhbh d{rh qh~mhnmfmbhb mjr~hqh~mdrhf& bejbd khbh qh~mdbhb d{rhkej{rmrtmbh |e~ tj kejotjre bd mjbmqmbte{ xtd je |~d{djrhj kh~hkrd~d{

mbjrmke{ dj fe{ h{|dkre{ ce~aefimke{& hi~ejcmke{ } e~ihjef|rmke{& d{

|e{mnfd& {dfdkkmejh~ khndzh{ bd kfej } |e{rd~me~cdjrd kfejd{& bdjr~e bd

fh{ qh~mdbhbd{*

Df ktfrmqe bd fh qmb rmdjbd `hkmh tj jcd~e fmcmrhbe bd qh~mdbhbd{

(bdnmbe h kht{h{ jhrt~hfd{ }%e `tchjh{-& xtd |ejd dj i~hqd |dfmi~e df

|hr~mcejme idjrmke qmrkefh* R~h{ fh rd~~mnfd |fhih bd fh amfepd~h xtdh{ef fe{ qmdbe{ dt~e|de{ dj df {mife PMP& fe{ crebe{ bd ktfrmqe `hj

khcnmhbe bd ae~ch ~hbmkhf? cebmamkhkmj bd fh{ rkjmkh{ bd ktfrmqe }

k~dhkmj bd qmqd~e{ bd {dfdkkmj } ctfrm|fmkhkmj bd chrd~mhf qdidrhf* H{

fh ch}e~h bd fh{ qh~mdbhbd{ ktfrmqhbh{ `e} dj bh je rmdjdj c{ bd >


10/24

8 {d

~dkeidj fe{ jecn~d{ qtfih~d{ } {mjjmce{ bd fh{ qmbd{ ktfrmqhbh{ dj D{#

|hh* Dj 8=0>= qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmjmamkhkmj } 894 bd tqh{

bd cd{h } bdrdkrh c{ bd 8*4 fh EMQ ~dbhkrh tjh fm{rh kej fe{ |~mjkm|h#

fd{ {mjjmce{ bd fh{ qmjad~h{ bd qmjmamkhkmj*

\e~ rebe dffe& {t~id fh jdkd{mbhb bd fh k~dhkmj bd nhjke{ bd id~#

ce|fh{ch qmrkefh& bejbd {d kej{d~qd rebe df hkd~qe idjrmke bd fh{ qh#

~mdbhbd{ ktfrmqhbh{


11/24

88

\h~h |ebd~ hbcmrm~ tjh qh~mdbhb kece {mjjmch bd er~h }h bd{k~m#

rh kej hjrd~me~mbhb& e nmdj bdamjm~fh kece tjh jtdqh qh~mdbhb& {d `h bd

|~ekdbd~ h {t bd{k~m|kmj d mbdjrmamkhkmj*

Fh kh~hkrd~mzhkmj bd fh{ d{|dkmd{ } qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmb

(Hc|dfei~hah- {d kdjr~h dj qh~me{ khc|e{? ~dke|mfhkmj bd fh{ qh~mdbh#

bd{ ktfrmqhbh{& d{rtbme bd {mjjmce{& |td{rh h |tjre bd fe{ crebe{ bd

mbdjrmamkhkmj qh~mdrhf } kejekmcmdjre bd fh{ h|rmrtbd{ bd fh{ qh~mdbhbd{

} bd fe{ |e~rhmjod~re{*

Fh kh~hkrd~mzhkmj bd d{|dkmd{& qh~mdbhbd{ } kfejd{ bd qmb {d ~dhfm#

zh atjbhcdjrhfcdjrd cdbmhjrd crebe{ ce~aefimke{& dj fe{ xtd {d

`hkd tj d{rtbme bdrhffhbe bd fh `eoh } bdf ~hkmce7 nmextcmke{7 idjrmke{&

{d bdrd~cmjh df |d~amf idjrmke bd fh |fhjrh h d{rtbmh~7 a{mke{ ***

Je en{rhjrd& df crebe hc|dfei~amke eamkmhf |h~h fh kh~hkrd~mzh#

kmj bd qh~mdbhbd{ } kfejd{ bd qmb d{ df bd fh EMQ& T\EQ d MN\I^

(hkrthfcdjrd NMEQD^[MR]-& xtd kej{rh bd 8;< kh~hkrd~d{? 2< enfmihre#~me{ |h~h fh bd{k~m|kmj bd rebh{ fh{ qh~mdbhbd{ bd qmjad~h{*

D{re{ 2< kh~hkrd~d{ {d ctd{r~dhj bt~hjrd rebe df kmkfe qdidrhrmqe

bd fh qmb* H{ dj n~erhkmj {d hjhfmzh tj |h~cdr~e7 dj aefmhkmj 2 kh~hk#rd~d{ {en~d df |mkd bdf |c|hje oeqdj7 dj afe~hkmj 9 kh~hkrd~d{ dj df

|c|hje hbtfre7 89 kh~hkrd~d{ {d ctd{r~dhj {en~d fh `eoh hbtfrh dj fh

|ekh bd kthohbe h djqd~e7 cmdjr~h{ xtd dj fh chbt~hkmj {d hjhfmzhj ;

kh~hkrd~d{ {en~d fe{ ~hkmce{ } 9 {en~d fh nh}h } amjhfcdjrd dj df hie{rh#

cmdjre {d ctd{r~dh tj jmke |h~cdr~e*

D{rd crebe hbe|rhbe |e~ fh TD& tjmamkh k~mrd~me{ } bd{k~m|kmejd{

|h~h rebh fh Kectjmbhb } d{ fh nh{d jdkd{h~mh |h~h kefhne~hkmejd{ d mj#rd~khcnme{ bd chrd~mhf qdidrhf qmrkefh h jmqdf mjrd~jhkmejhf


12/24

8>


13/24

8;DJ^HKMCE[

CHBT

^E[

DJR^DKTH

OHBE]DJQD^E

DJAFE^HKMJ

2* FM[RH \^ME^MRH^MH BD BD[K^M\RE^D[ \^MCH^ME[

\h~h tjh ~|mbh kh~hkrd~mzhkmj bd qh~mdbhbd{ } |e~ ~dkecdjbh#

kmj bd fh EMQ fe{ |h~rmkm|hjrd{ bd .Idj~d{ df =1 J


14/24

82


15/24

84


16/24

81


17/24

89


18/24

80


19/24

8=


20/24

>


21/24

>8

4* FM[RH BD [MJEJMCMH[ BD QMB DJ D[\HH


22/24


23/24

>;


24/24

Hjrmith amk`h Hc|dfei~amkh bd B* [mcj ^eoh{ Kfdcdjrd (8*0

4. ampelografía

Documents