3-configuracion basica de vrp_es

8/12/2019 3-Configuracion Basica de VRP_es

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Configuración Básica del VRP

Confidential Information of Huawei. No Spreading Without Permission

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At present, Huawei’s routers and switches support three configuration modes listed asfollows:

Local configuration through the Console port

Local or remote configuration through the AUX port

Local or remote configuration through Telnet or SSH





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You can build a configuration environment only through the Console port for the two followingoccasions:

(1)The router is powered on for the first time.

(2)Configuration environments cannot be built through the Telnet or AUX port.

The procedures of configuring a router through the Console port are as follows:

Procedure 1: Connect the configuration cable

(1) Take out the cable.

(2) Connect the RJ45 connector to the Console port of the router.

(3) Connect the 9-pin or 25-pin RS232 connector to the serial port (COM) of the computer.





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Procedure 2: Create the super terminal

(1)Run the terminal emulation program, for example, Super Terminal of WIN XP, on thePC.

(2)Click Start > Program > Communication > Super Terminal

(3)Input any characters as the name after New Connection appears and choose a COMconnection and click OK. Then a page as above appears. Set the parameters on the page

as shown in the above figure and click OK.





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If it is not the first time that the router is powered on and you have already correctly configuredthe IP addresses of the router interfaces, log-in authentication mode and call-in/call-outrestriction rules, you can log in to the router by Telnet through WAN or LAN to configure therouter.

There are two methods you may use to configure the router if the router and the configurationterminal are in the same LAN:

(1) Connect the PC with the router through a hub or a layer-2 switch by normal lines.

(2) Connect the configuration terminal such as a PC with the router directly with

crossover network cables.

The IP address of the configuration terminal and that of the Ethernet interface of the routershould belong to the same network segment if you configure the router locally.

If the router and the configuration terminal are not in the LAN, check the route between theconfiguration terminal and the router and then log in to the router through Telnet.





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To log in to the router through Telnet, you have to make configurations on the router as follows andmake sure that the communication between the configuration terminal and the maintenancenetwork port of the router is good, which means you can ping through the IP address of themaintenance network port of the router on the configuration terminal. And you also have to

configure the parameters for logging in to the system including the authentication mode. There are

three authentication modes: password authentication, which requires users to enter the correctpassword when they log in; AAA local authentication, which requires users to enter the correct

username and password when log in; no authentication, which does not require users to enter ausername or password when they log in. Besides these, you have to configure authorities for users.The detailed configuration procedure is as follows:

1. Configure the IP addresses of the router and the PC.

#Enter the interface view of the router

[Quidway]interface Ethernet 0/0

#Configure the IP address of the interface

[Quidway-Ethernet0/0]ip address 1.1.1.4 255.0.0.0

Configure the IP address of the PC such as 1.1.1.2/8 after the router IP address is configured and

then “ping 1.1.1.4” on the PC to check the communication between the PC and the router.



2. Configure the password for logging in through Telnet.

#Enter the vty user view and 0 4 indicates that up to 5 users can log in at the same time.

[Quidway] User-interface vty 0 4

#Choose password as the authentication mode.

[Quidway-ui-vty0-4] authentication-mode password#Configure the password for authentication to Huawei.

[Quidway-ui-vty0-4] set authentication password simple Huawei

#Configure the user privilege level to the manage level.

[Quidway-ui-vty0-4] user privilege level 3

Now you can run telnet 1.1.1.4 on the PC to log in to the router.



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The figure above illustrates the network for configuring the router through the AUX port. Connect theserial port of the configuration terminal and the AUX port of the router to the modem and modemsare connected by the PSTN network.

Make configurations on the router as follows:

#Enter the aux user interface view.

[Quidway] User-interface aux 0

#Select the password mode as the authentication mode.

[Quidway-ui-aux0] authentication-mode password

#Configure the password for authentication to Huawei.

[Quidway-ui-aux0] set authentication password simple Huawei

#Configure the user privilege.

[Quidway-ui-aux0] user privilege level 3

#Configure to allow the modem to call-in/call-out.

[Quidway-ui-aux0] modem bothNow choose Modem on the Super Terminal page to log in to the router.





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System commands are rated from low to high into four levels:

The visit level: includes commands for network diagnosis such as ping and tracert andcommands for visiting external equipment such as Telnet client, SSH and Rlogin commands.

The monitor level: includes commands for system maintenance and service trouble diagnosissuch as the display and debugging commands.

The config level: includes service configuration commands involving routing commands,commands for all network layers and commands for providing direct network services for users.

The manage level: includes commands that supports the running of the system and otherservices involving file system commands, FTP, TFTP commands, Xmodem downloadingcommands, configuration file switching commands, the slave board controlling commands, usermanagement commands, command level setting commands and parameter setting commands.

Users are also divided into 4 levels to match with the command levels, which means that users can onlyuse commands whose levels are equal to or lower than their levels. To switch a user of a low level to ahigher level, run the super [ level] command.





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#Enter the system view from the user view.

<Quidway>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z

#Enter the interface view from the system view.

[Quidway]interface Serial 0/0/0

[Quidway-Serial0/0/0]#Return to the system view from the interface view.

[Quidway-Serial0/0/0]quit

[Quidway]

#Return to the user view from the system view.

[Quidway]quit

<Quidway>

You can go back to the previous view by running the quit command and if you run the quitcommand in the user view, you’ll log out of the system. You can return to the user view from anyview by running the return command or press the composite key <Ctrl+Z>.





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Type “?” in any command view, you can obtain all the commands and brief descriptions aboutthese commands in the command view.

<Quidway> ? //Type the command and “?” after the command and separate the two with a space.

If here is position for the key words, then the key words and the brief description of them aredisplayed.

<Quidway> display ? //Type the command and “?” after the command and separate the two witha space. If here is position for parameters, then descriptions about the parameter is displayed.

[Quidway] interface ethernet ? //Type a character string and “?” after the string directly, then allthe commands begin with the character string are displayed.

<3-3> Slot number

<Quidway> d? //Type a command and a character string and “?” directly after the string. Then allthe key words whose commands begin with the character string are displayed.

debugging delete dir display

<Quidway> display h? //Enter the first several letters of a key word of a command and then press<tab>. The complete key word is displayed.

history-command Command line interfaces provide basic command editing functions and support multiple line

editing. The maximum length for a command line is 256 characters.

The functions of the function keys are as follows:



Function Key Functions

Common keys to input a character

BackSpace to de lete the character before the cursor

← or <Ctrl+B> to move the cursor left for one space

→ or <Ctrl+F> to move the cursor right for one spaceDelete to delete the character in the place of the cursor

↑↓ to display co mmand records

Tab the system runs helps automatically after you enter an

incomplete

key word and the Tab key



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VRP supports two languages and you can run the language-mode command to switchbetween the two languages. The procedure is as follows:

<Quidway>language-mode ?

chinese Chinese environment

english English environment

<Quidway>language-mode chinese

Change language mode, confirm? [Y/N]y

Info:Switch to the Chinese mode.

<Quidway>





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The command line interface automatically stores commands input by users which makes users canrun those commands at any time and repetitively. By default, the command line interface can keeprecords of up to 10 commands for a user.

display history-command :

To display the commands that a user has input. Up-arrow key or <Ctrl+P>:

Display the earlier record if there is one; otherwise the alarm goes off. down-arrow key or <Ctrl+N>:

Display the next record if there is one; otherwise, the command is cleared up and the alarm goesoff.

When you use the command record function, please note the following:

(1) The format of command records kept by VRP complies with the format of commands input byusers. If the format of commands input by users is not intact, then the format of commands keptby VRP is not intact either.

(2) If a command is run by a user for many times, VRP only keeps the first running of this commandas record. If a command is run in different formats for several times, it is treated as differentcommands. For example, if you run the display ip routing-table command for several times, VRP

will keep it as only one record. If you run disp ip routing and display ip routing-table, VRP willkeep them as two records.





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Do as follows to change the name of a router:

<Quidway>system-view

Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.

[Quidway]

#Change the router name to Router1[Quidway]sysname Router1

[Router1]





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To work coordinately with other devices, the system time should be set correctly.

VRP supports the setting of time zone and summer time.

#Set the time.

<Quidway>clock datetime 10:19:30 2006/12/12

<Quidway>#Display the time.

<Quidway>display clock

10:19:36 UTC Tue 2006/12/12

<Quidway>





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You can display the VRP version information by running the display versioncommand.

<Router>display version

Huawei Versatile Routing Platform Software

VRP WVRP-CEN Software Version VRPV5R1B12D054

Copyright (c) 2003-2010 by VRP Team Beijing Institute Huawei Tech, Inc

……

The version is VRPV5R1B12D054.

You can view the information about terminal users by running the display userscommand.

<Router>display users

User-Intf Delay Type Network Address Authen Status

+ 0 CON 0 00:00:00

Username : Unspecified





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VRP manages software and configuration files through the file system. The file system is used formanaging the files and directories in the storage device, which includes creating the system file,changing names of files and directories, creating, deleting, modifying files and directories and displayfiles. The two main functions of the file system are storage device management and files

management. The storage device is the hardware device that keeps information. At present, flash

memories, hard disks and CF cards can be used by routers as the storage device. Different products use different devices to store information. Files are mechanisms for information

storage and management. File directories are mechanisms for organizing files and they are thelogical vessels for keeping files.

Delete a file

<Quidway> delete flash:/test/test.txt

Delete flash:/test/test.txt?[Y/N]

<Quidway>

Restore the file that was deleted.

<Quidway> undelete sample.bak

Undelete flash:/test/sample.bak ?[Y/N]:y% Undeleted file flash:/test/sample.bak

Delete files in the recycle bin.

<Quidway> reset recycle-bin



Display a file.

<Quidway> more test.txt

AppWizard has created this test application for you. This file contains a summary of what you

will find in each of the files that make up your test application.

Copy a file.

<Quidway> copy hda1:/sample.txt flash:/

Copy hda1:/sample.txt to flash:/sample.txt ?[Y/N]:Y

% Copyed file hda1:/sample.txt to flash:/sample.txt



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Create a directory

<Quidway> mkdir dd

Created dir dd.

Delete a directory

<Quidway> rmdir testRmdir test?[Y/N]:y

% Removed directory test

Display the current directory

<Quidway> pwd

flash:/test





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Format storage device

<Quidway> format flash:

All data on flash: will be lost , proceed with format ? [Y/N]:y

%Format flash: completed.

Fix storage device whose file system is abnormal<Quidway> fixdisk flash:

Fixdisk flash: will take long time if needed.

Fixdisk flash: completed.

Be careful with the format command. It deletes all the files in the storage device onceyou run it.





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When the router is powered on, it reads the configuration file from the default storage path toinitialize itself. The configuration in the configuration file is called the initial configuration. If thereare no configuration files in the default storage path, the router will initialize itself with the defaultparameters.

The configuration used when the router is running is called the current configuration.

Users can change the current configurations of the router through the command line interface. Tomake the current configuration to be the initial configuration for the router when the router ispowered on next time, you need to save the current configuration in the default storage path with

the save command.

You can view the initial configuration of the router by running the display savedconfigurationcommand.

You can view the current configuration of the router by running the display current-configuration command.



You can save the current configuration by running the save command. The detailed procedure is asfollows:

<Quidway>save

The current configuration will be written to the device. Please make sure configuration recovery

has been finished.

Are you sure?[Y/N]y

Now saving the current configuration to the device.....Info:The current configuration was saved to the device successfully You can erase the

configuration file in the storage device by running the reset saved-configuration command. The

detailed procedure is as follows:

<Quidway>reset saved-configuration

The action will delete the saved configuration in the device. The configuration will be erased to

reconfigure.

Are you sure?[Y/N]y

Now clearing the configuration in the device.

Info:Clear the configuration in the device successfully

You can run the compare configuration command to make comparisons between the currentconfiguration and the configuration in the configuration file stored. The following shows that themessage displayed indicates that the current configuration does not agree with the stored

configuration.<Quidway>compare configuration

Warning:The current configuration is NOT the same as the saved configuration!

====== Current configuration line 31 ======

ospf 1

……

====== Saved configuration line 31 ======

……



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VRP can backup its software and configuration files through FTP, TFTP and XMODEM. Here wewill introduce the basic operations for routers or switches to obtain version files through the threemodes, which is the general knowledge about version update. For details about version updatemethods and procedures, please refer to the update guidelines we provide for a product or a

specific version of a product.

FTP, TFTP and XMODEM are all file transport protocols for transporting files between users anddevices.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is based on TCP and takes the mode of Server/Client. VRP can act bothas the FTP server and the FTP client. When it acts as the FTP server, users can log in to the routerto visit files on the router by running the FTP client program. When VRP acts as the FTP client,users can run FTP commands to connect with the remote FTP server and then visit files on the

remote host after they built connections with the router through the terminal emulation programor Telnet.

Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), different from FTP, does not require any authenticationmechanisms, which is fit for an environment that does not involve much interactions betweenclients and servers. TFTP is based on UDP and takes the mode of Server/Client. TFTP transfer is

initiated by the client. When there are files to download, the client sends requests to the TFTPserver for reading the files and receives packets from the server and at last, it sends confirmationto the server. When there are files to upload, the client sends requests to the TFTP server forwriting the files and sends packets to the server and at last, it sends confirmation to the server.

TFTP files have two modes, one is the binary mode that is used for program files and the other isthe ASCII mode that is for text files.





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As the above figure illustrates, the PC and Router A are connected through serial ports and RouterA and the FTP server are connected to the LAN. Router A obtains version files from the FTP serveras the FTP client. Set the username and password to quidway and huawei respectively on the FTPserver.

Log in to Router A from the PC by the super terminal and make the following operations to obtainversion files.

#Log in to the FTP server from Router A.<Router> ftp 172.16.104.110

Trying 172.16.104.110 ...

Connected to 172.16.104.110.

……

User(172.16.104.110:(none)):quidway

331 Give me your password, please

Password:

230 Logged in successfully

……

#Obtain the version file vrp.cc from the FTP server by running the get command.

[ftp] get vrp.cc

……

150 "D:\system\vrp.cc" file ready to send (5805100 bytes) in IMAGE / Binary mode

226 Transfer finished successfully.

FTP: 5805100 byte(s) received in 19.898 second(s) 291.74Kbyte(s)/sec.





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As the above figure illustrates, the PC and Router A are connected through serial ports and RouterA and the FTP client are connected to LAN. Router A is configured as the FTP server to obtainversion files from the FTP client.

Run the following commands to configure Router A as the FTP server.

#Enable the FTP server on the router.

[Quidway]ftp server enable #Enter the AAA view and configure the authentication and authorization of the FTP server. Only

users that pass the authentication and are authorized successfully can enjoy the services offeredby the FTP server.

[Quidway]aaa

#Create a local user named quidway.

[Quidway-aaa] local-user quidway

#Set the service type to FTP.

[Quidway-aaa] local-user quidway service-type ftp

#Configure the password to huawei.

[Quidway-aaa] local-user quidway password simple huawei

#Configure the authorization directory of FTP users on the FT server.[Quidway-aaa] local-user quidway ftp-directory flash:/ftp/quidway





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As the above figure illustrates, the PC with the IP address of 10.111.16.160 runs the TFTPsoftware to act as the TFTP server and Router A obtains version software from the TFTPserver.

Run the following command on Router A to obtain version software.

#Run the tftp command to obtain the vrp.cc file and save it under cfcard:/.

<Quidway> tftp 10.111.16.160 get vrp.cc cfcard:/vrp.cc Run the dir command to check if the version file is obtained and save in the defined

directory.

<Quidway> dir

Directory of cfcard:/

0 -rw- 86211956 Jun 08 2006 15:20:14 v300r001b02ssp02.cc

1 -rw- 40 Jun 24 2006 09:30:40 private-data.txt

2 -rw- 396 May 19 2006 15:00:10 rsahostkey.dat

3 -rw- 540 May 19 2006 15:00:10 rsaserverkey.dat

4 -rw- 2718 Jun 21 2006 17:46:46 1.cfg

5 -rw- 14343 May 19 2006 15:00:10 paf.txt

6 -rw- 6247 May 19 2006 15:00:10 license.txt

7 -rw- 14343 May 16 2006 14:13:42 paf.txt.bak

8 -rw- 80975644 Jun 08 2006 14:50:20 v300r001b02msp06.cc

9 -rw- 86235884 Feb 05 2001 10:23:46 vrp.cc

508752 KB total (261112 KB free)





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1. How to configure the router through Console ?

Connect the PC serial port with the Console port of the router by the normal line and run theterminal emulation software such as the Super Terminal of XP on the PC. Configure the

parameters correctly and then you can log in to the router to make configurations.

2. What are the VRP command levels and command views?

The VRP command levels include the visit level, the monitor level, the config level and themanage level. The command views involve the user view, the system view, the interface view,and the routing protocol view, and so on.

3. How to create a Telnet user?

Enter the vty user view and configure the authentication mode and the password forauthentication and configure user authorities at last.



Configuración Básica del VRP P-34

3-configuracion basica de vrp_es

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