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El CONFORT

Carlos A. [email protected]

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EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA

En general eficiencia es la relación entre los logrosobtenidos y los recursos gastados

•Objetivo a conseguir: ambiente confortable

•Recursos gastados: energía ó $ ( inversión en

equipos + OM)

Confort

Energía gastada

Eficiencia energética edificios =

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EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA

Energía

Gastada

$

CO2

Impacto

ambiental

Salud,

satisfacción

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Consumo de energía en edificaciones

sunhomedesign.wordpress.com

http://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/bu

ilding_sector.html.

http://sunhomedesign.wordpress.com/category/zero-energy-buildings/http://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/building_sector.htmlhttp://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/building_sector.htmlhttp://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/building_sector.htmlhttp://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/building_sector.htmlhttp://sunhomedesign.wordpress.com/category/zero-energy-buildings/

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CONFORTEl confort térmico, definido en la norma ISO 7730, es “la condición de

la mente que expresa satisfacción con el ambiente térmico”. Este

confort solo se da cuando la temperatura de la piel es estable dentro

del rango 31,5° C y 34,5°C (Cengel, 1998, pág. 709), y la temperatura

del cuerpo está en 37 °C. Estas condiciones a su vez dependen de

factores internos (metabolismo) y externos (vestimenta; temperatura,

humedad relativa, velocidad del aire e intercambio radiante con los

alrededores).

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CONFORTRuidoCalidad aireIluminaciónPaisaje

TérmicoISO 7730definición

Aislamiento Requerido

Sobrecarga Calórica

Temperatura Globo

Temperatura GloboHúmeda

Índice Sudoración

ET Temperatura Efectiva

Viento Frio

FANGER

Condiciones de Confort

Tskin & Tbody Balance de CalorQentra + Qgenerado = Qsale

Tbody ~ 37°C

Vasodilatación+ sudoración

Tskin ~ 34°C

Vasoconstricción+ Tiritar

Qgen (Clo, Met) Qev (Tr, Ta,a, HR)

ÍNDICES DE CONFORT

RELACIÓN CON MEDIO AMBIENTE

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http://www.radiantpanelassociation.org/files/public/Part1Draft%28Kim%29.pdf

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Cómo el cuerpo regula la temperatura?

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Condiciones de confort

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Efecto Metabolismo

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Efecto Metabolismo

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Figura 5: metabolismos según actividad

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Tabla 1: Tasas de metabolismo (según texto Macquarie University) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Activity Metabolic rates [M] W/m2 Met

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Reclining 46 0.8

Seated relaxed 58 1.0

Clock and watch repairer 65 1.1Standing relaxed 70 1.2

Sedentary activity (office, dwelling, school, laboratory) 70 1.2

Car driving 80 1.4

Graphic profession - Book Binder 85 1.5

Standing, light activity (shopping, laboratory, light industry) 93 1.6

Teacher 95 1.6

Domestic work -shaving, washing and dressing 100 1.7

Walking on the level, 2 km/h 110 1.9Standing, medium activity (shop assistant, domestic work) 116 2.0

Building industry -Brick laying (Block of 15.3 kg) 125 2.2

Washing dishes standing 145 2,5

Domestic work -raking leaves on the lawn 170 2.9

Domestic work -washing by hand and ironing (120-220 W/m2) 170 2.9

Iron and steel -ramming the mould with a pneumatic hammer 175 3.0

Building industry -forming the mould 180 3.1

Walking on the level, 5 km/h 200 3.4Forestry -cutting across the grain with a one-man power saw 205 3.5

Agriculture -Ploughing with a team of horses 235 4.0

Building industry -loading a wheelbarrow with stones and mortar 275 4.7

Sports -Ice skating, 18 km/h 360 6.2

Agriculture -digging with a spade (24 lifts/min.) 380 6.5

Sports -Skiing on level, good snow, 9 km/h 405 7.0

Forestry -working with an axe (weight 2 kg. 33 blows/min.) 500 8.6

Sports -Running, 15 km/h 550 9.5

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Efecto vestimenta

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Evaluación del aislamiento por ropa

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Tabla 1: Factor de vestimenta No. Clo

El valor de ais lamiento térmico de la ropa a menudo se mide con la unidad ( Clo),

donde: 1 (Clo) = 0.155 m2 K / W

Coefic ien te de

Transmisión Térmica

Resis tenc ia

Térmica

R o p a ( C l o ) m 2 K / W

Ropa Inter ior

t a n g a 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 0 3

i n t e r i o r e s c o r t o s 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 0 5

i n t e r i o r e s a m e d i a p i e r n a 0 . 0 4 0 . 0 0 6

S o s t e n e d o r 0 . 0 1 0 . 0 0 2

Camiseta

C a m i s e t a s i n m a n g a s 0 . 0 6 0 . 0 0 9

C a m i s e t a m a n g a c o r t a 0 . 0 9 0 . 0 1 4

C a m i s e t a c o n m a n g a s l a r g a s 0 . 1 2 0 . 0 1 9

C a m i s e t a s c o n m a n g a s y C u e l l o L a r g o 0 . 0 6 0 . 0 0 9

Blusas y Camisas

M a n g a c o r t a 0 . 0 9 0 . 0 2 9

b l u s a l i ge r a c o n ma n g a s l a r ga s 0 . 15 0 . 0 2 3

C a m i s a l i g e r a c o n m a n g a s l a r g a s 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 3 1

N o r ma l c o n ma nga s l a r ga s 0 . 25 0 . 0 3 9

c a m i s a c o n m a n g a s l a r g a s 0 . 3 0 0 . 0 4 7

B l u s a m a n g a s l a r g a s c o n c u e l l o 0 . 3 4 0 . 0 5 3

Panta lones

P a n t a l o n e s C o r t o s 0 . 0 6 0 . 0 0 9

B e r m u d a s 0 . 1 1 0 . 0 1 7

P a n t a l o n e s L i g e r o s 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 3 1

P a n t a l o n e s N o r m a l e s 0 . 2 5 0 . 0 3 9

P a n t a l o n e s d e F r a n e l a 0 . 2 8 0 . 0 4 3

Suéteres S u é t e r d e l g a d o 0 . 2 0 0 . 0 3 1

S u é t e r f i n o c o n m a n g a s y c u e l l o 0 . 2 6 0 . 0 4

S u é t e r g r u e s o 0 . 3 5 0 . 0 5 4

s u é t e r g r u e s a c o n m a n g a s y c u e l l o 0 . 3 7 0 . 0 5 7

Chaquetas o

Cazadoras

C h a q u e t a d e l i g e r a s i n f o r r o 0 . 1 3 0 . 0 2

C h a q u e t a L i g e r a d e V e r a n o 0 . 2 5 0 . 0 3 9

C h a q u e t a d e E t i q u e t a 0 . 3 0 0 . 0 4 7

C h a q u e t a 0 . 3 5 0 . 0 5 4

C h a q u e t a c o n R e l l e n o

d e P l u m a d e G a n s o0 . 5 5 0 . 0 8 5

A b r i g o 0 . 6 0 0 . 0 9 3

Calcet ines y

Zapatos

C a l c e t i n e s 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 0 3

Z a p a t o s 0 . 0 2 0 . 0 0 3

Z a p a t i l l a s 0 . 0 3 0 . 0 0 5

Z a p a t o s A l t o s 0 . 0 4 0 . 0 0 6

C a l c e t i n e s d e t o b i l l o g r u e s o 0 . 0 5 0 . 0 0 8

B o t a s 0 . 0 5 0 . 0 0 8

C a l c e t i n e s l a r g o s d e l a n a 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 1 6

Faldas

F a l d a l i g e r a d e 1 5 c e n t í m e t r o s p o r e n c i m a d e

l a r o d i l l a0 . 0 1 0 . 0 1 6

F a l d a l i g e r a 1 5 c e n t í m e t r o s p o r d e b a j o d e l a

r o d i l l a0 . 1 8 0 . 0 2 8

F a l d a G r u e s a h a s t a l a r o d i l l a 0 . 2 5 0 . 0 3 9

Vest idos

V e s t i d o L i g e r o s i n M a n g a s 0 . 2 5 0 . 0 3 9

V e s t i d o d e I n v i e r n o

d e V e s t i r M a n g a L a r g a0 . 4 0 0 . 0 6 2

M a l l a s d e I n v i e r n o 0 . 1 0 0 . 0 1 6

(Clo) Rango en (Clo)

N iv e l 0 D e s n u d o s 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 a 0 . 3 0

N iv e l 1 R o p a L i g e r a 0 . 5 0 0 . 3 0 a 0 . 7 0

N iv e l 2 R o p a M e d i a 1 . 0 0 0 . 7 0 a 1 . 3 0

N iv e l 3 R o p a P e s a d a 1 . 5 0 m á s d e 1 . 3 0

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Figura 1: Calculo del factor de vestimenta por prendas

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Temperatura Media Radiante

Figura 1: Temperatura radiante

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TEMPERATURA RADIANTE

CONFORT

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CONFORT

CONFORT

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CONFORT

Sensación confort = balance carga cuerpo

implica

Tr , To , HR , v , clo , met

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Mean Radiant Temperature

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Measuring Radiant Temperature Radiant temperature is usually measured with

what it known as a globe thermometer. This is simply a normal dry bulb

thermometer encased in a 150mm diameter matte-black copper sphere whose

absorptivity approaches that of the skin. Hence MRT is sometimes referred to

as globe temperature (GT) as they are nearly equivalent.

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ARCHITECTURE&ENVIRONMENT Vol. 5, No. 2, October 2006 : 143-162 ,143

THE EFFECT OF AIR VELOCITY ON THERMAL COMFORT IN HOT AND HUMID CLIMATESangkertadi1 and Ahmed C. Megri2

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Floor Temperature

Radiant Asymmetry

Humidity

Air Speed (Draft)

Thermal Stratif ication

Temper ature Dri fts

Design from the inside out

El í di d F PMV PPD

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El índice de Fanger – PMV y PPD

(Predicted Mean Vote Index- PMV).(Predicted Percent Dissatisfied- PPD),

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1.- Simulación Programa: “PMVCalc_v2

2.- Simulación Programa: pSYCHROTOOL

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SENSACIONES PARADOJICAS DEL CUERPO HUMANO

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PLEA2006 - The 23rd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-8

September 2006

Thermal comfort evaluation

in outdoor space of tropicalhumid climate

Letícia Zambrano

1

; Cristina Malafaia

1;2

; Leopoldo E.G. Bastos

1

1 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura PROARQ-FAU/ Universidade Federal do Rio

de Janeiro2 Universidade Gama Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

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Thermal Comfort and Productivity

Submitted by Technical University ofDenmark

May 2009

LECTURAS

Design of Outdoor Urban

Spaces for Thermal Comfortby HARRIET J. PLUMLEY,

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